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Review

Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts

by
Philipp Roesch
*,
Christian Vogel
and
Franz-Georg Simon
*
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division 4.3 Contaminant Transfer and Environmental Technologies, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(19), 7242; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197242
Submission received: 14 September 2020 / Revised: 30 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 / Published: 3 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Environmental Science and Technology)
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Abstract

Over the past two decades, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have emerged as worldwide environmental contaminants, calling out for sophisticated treatment, decomposition and remediation strategies. In order to mineralize PFAS pollutants, the incineration of contaminated material is a state-of-the-art process, but more cost-effective and sustainable technologies are inevitable for the future. Within this review, various methods for the reductive defluorination of PFASs were inspected. In addition to this, the role of mechanochemistry is highlighted with regard to its major potential in reductive defluorination reactions and degradation of pollutants. In order to get a comprehensive understanding of the involved reactions, their mechanistic pathways are pointed out. Comparisons between existing PFAS decomposition reactions and reductive approaches are discussed in detail, regarding their applicability in possible remediation processes. This article provides a solid overview of the most recent research methods and offers guidelines for future research directions.
Keywords: PFAS; reductive defluorination; reductive decomposition; mechanochemistry; remediation; review; mechanism; fluoride; persistent organic pollutant (POP) PFAS; reductive defluorination; reductive decomposition; mechanochemistry; remediation; review; mechanism; fluoride; persistent organic pollutant (POP)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Roesch, P.; Vogel, C.; Simon, F.-G. Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 7242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197242

AMA Style

Roesch P, Vogel C, Simon F-G. Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(19):7242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197242

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roesch, Philipp, Christian Vogel, and Franz-Georg Simon. 2020. "Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19: 7242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197242

APA Style

Roesch, P., Vogel, C., & Simon, F.-G. (2020). Reductive Defluorination and Mechanochemical Decomposition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs): From Present Knowledge to Future Remediation Concepts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197242

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