Impact of Gene–Environment Interactions on Cancer Development
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Evaluation of Gene–Environment Interactions
3.2. Gene–Environment Interactions in the Development of Lung Cancer
3.3. Gene–-Environment Interactions in the Development of Colorectal Cancer
3.4. Gene–Environment Interactions in the Development of Bladder Cancer
3.5. Gene–Environment Interactions in the Development of Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer
3.6. Gene–Environment Interactions in the Development of Prostate Cancer
3.7. Challenges in Gene–Environment Interactions in the Cancer Intervention and Prevention
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cancers Site/Types of Study | Genes (SNPs, Genotype, RS-Number, Chromosome, Allele) of Interest | Environmental Exposures | Key Findings on Gene–Environment Interactions Based on OR, RR, and/or HR |
---|---|---|---|
Lung cancer (LC) case-control studies [53] | miR-26a-rs7372209 (TT, CT, AA) | Regular exposure to cooking oil fume | TT and CT genotype carriers of miR-26a-1 rs7372209 and miR-16-1 rs1022960 who had been exposed to cooking oil fumes had a higher risk of developing LC compared to those who were not exposed to cooking oil fumes (OR = 1.743, 95% CI = 1.038–2.753, p = 0.036) and (OR = 2.326, 95% CI = 1.409–3.843, p =0.001), respectively. |
miR-605 rs2043556 | |||
miR-16-1 rs1022960 | |||
Lung cancer (LC) hospital-based case-control studies [54] | rs2608053 (AA, GG, AA/GG) | Heavy cigarette smoking | AG or GG genotype of rs151927 smoking were 7.18 times at risk of LC compared to those with AA genotype with no smoking exposure (OR = 7.108, 95% CI = 2.36–21.37). AG/GG genotypes of rs2608053 and rs13254990 polymorphism were more likely to develop lung cancer compared to non-smokers. |
rs1561927 (AA, GG, AA/GG) | |||
rs13254990 (AA, GG, AA/GG) | |||
Colon cancer case-only and case-control studies from GWAS [55] | rs10849432 at 12p13.31 | Alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, use of aspirin, high intake of red and processed meat | SNP rs4444235 at 14q22.2 and regular exercise and the SNP rs2423279 at 20p12.3 and regular aspirin use may increase the risk of colorectal cancer initiation. |
rs11196172 at 10q25.2 | |||
rs4444235 at 14q22.2 | |||
rs2423279 at 20p12.3 | |||
rs2241714 at 19q13.2 | |||
rs1957636 at 14q22.3 | |||
Bladder cancer case-control studies [56] | rs1695 AA; | Environmental exposure to arsenic | Genotype–arsenic interactions in the high exposure group were linked to increased risk of bladder cancer initiation. |
GSTP1 AG | |||
Ile105Va GG | |||
Breast (BC) case-control studies [57] | rs4808801 located on chromosome 19 | Age at first birth and menarche, number of pregnancies, obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol drinking | Strong association was found between BC risk, rs4808801, and four and more full-term pregnancies (OR = 5.08, 95% CI = 0.77–0.93, p = 2.0 × 10−4). Interactions were also found between smoking, rs 11242675, and BC risk (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.06–1.21, p = 3.4 × 10−4), and also between alcohol consumption, BC risk, and rs941764. |
rs11242675 located on chromosome 6 | |||
rs941764 located in chromosome 14 | |||
rs12422552 located in chromosome 12 | |||
rs16857609 located in chromosome 2 | |||
Prostate cancer case-only [58] | CC, TT, CT of JAZF1 genotype | Environmental exposure to lead and cadmium, and heavy cigarette smoking | Strong G × E interactions with carrier of CC genotype, exposure to Pb in houses built before 1960, and PC risk compared to CT or TT genotype (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.04–3.16; p = 0.036). |
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Mbemi, A.; Khanna, S.; Njiki, S.; Yedjou, C.G.; Tchounwou, P.B. Impact of Gene–Environment Interactions on Cancer Development. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8089. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218089
Mbemi A, Khanna S, Njiki S, Yedjou CG, Tchounwou PB. Impact of Gene–Environment Interactions on Cancer Development. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21):8089. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218089
Chicago/Turabian StyleMbemi, Ariane, Sunali Khanna, Sylvianne Njiki, Clement G. Yedjou, and Paul B. Tchounwou. 2020. "Impact of Gene–Environment Interactions on Cancer Development" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8089. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218089