Ambient Air Pollution, Extreme Temperatures and Birth Outcomes: A Protocol for an Umbrella Review, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Eligibility Criteria
2.1.1. Participants or Populations
2.1.2. Exposures
2.1.3. Comparators
2.1.4. Outcomes
2.1.5. Study Designs
2.1.6. Exclusion Criteria
2.2. Information Sources
2.3. Search Strategy
2.4. Study Screening and Selection
2.5. Quality (Risk of Bias) Assessment of Selected Studies
2.5.1. Systematic Review 1 (Umbrella Review)
2.5.2. Systematic Review 2 (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in LMICs)
2.6. Data Extraction and Management
2.6.1. Systematic Review 1 (Umbrella Review)
2.6.2. Systematic Review 2 (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in LMICs)
2.7. Data Synthesis and Statistical Analysis
2.7.1. Systematic Review 1 (Umbrella Review)
2.7.2. Systematic Review 2 (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in LMICs)
Main Meta-Analysis
Subgroup Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regression
Sensitivity Meta-Analyses
Publication Bias
Confidence in Cumulative Evidence across Studies
2.8. Ethics and Dissemination
2.9. Review Registration
2.10. Protocol Update
2.11. Limitations of This Study
2.12. Strengths of This Study
3. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Data Element | Key Indicators |
---|---|
Publication data | First author, journal, publication date, number of citations (to be determined from Google Scholar prior to final data synthesis) |
Aims and type of review | Aims/objectives, review type (systematic review, meta-analysis and systematic review and meta-analysis) |
Literature search | Number and names of databases searched, date range of databases searched, language restriction and non-databases searched. Review guideline(s) used |
Included primary studies | Number of included primary studies, country/continent of the included studies, number of each type of study design included and publication date range of included primary studies |
Participants, exposures and outcomes | Total participants included in the review, description of study participants, exposure and outcome assessments |
Risk of bias assessment | Risk of bias tool used to appraise the primary studies and the quality ratings |
Data synthesis and results | Method of data synthesis, overall results (for meta-analyses, this will include pooled effect sizes and confidence intervals for whole pregnancy and/or trimester-specific or short-term period for air pollutants and any timeframe reported for extreme temperatures, heterogeneity measures, p-values and publication bias test, any reported estimates for subgroup/sensitivity analyses) |
Conclusion, recommendations and limitations | Researchers’ summary statement/conclusion or interpretation of the main findings (particularly from the abstract), overall recommendations and limitations |
Funding and Conflict of interest | Yes/no for reporting of funding sources (and role of funders) and conflict of interest by authors |
Protocol registration and publication | Yes/no for protocol registration and/or publication in peer-reviewed journal prior to the conduct of the review |
Data Element | Key Indicators |
---|---|
Publication data | First, journal, publication date |
Study participants | Health data source/study population description, study/sampling period, geography (country or multi-country, region, state). maternal/neonatal factors (e.g., race/ethnicity, socioeconomic, marital status, comorbidities, sex and parity of birth), number of mothers and births (target, enrolled, follow-up rate, exclusion/inclusion criteria) |
Methods | Study design, birth outcome (definition, assessment and prevalence or incidence in study population), exposure (sources and assessment methods, e.g., monitor, modelled, satellite imagery and hybrid method; and timeframe; e.g., whole pregnancy and trimester) and statistical methods |
Results | Number of cases and controls in each study, exposure levels for each criteria air pollutant of interest and temperature (e.g., mean, median, quartiles/percentiles, range), main statistical findings (crude and adjusted effect estimates and reference unit with 95% confidence intervals and p-values for entire pregnancy period and by trimester or short-term and sex and any timeframe reported for the extreme temperatures), and adjustment of confounding factors (e.g., season of birth, pregnancy complications, smoking/alcohol, sociodemographic factors, infant’s sex, co-pollutant) |
Conclusion, recommendations and limitations | Researchers’ summary statement/conclusion or interpretation of the main findings (particularly from the abstract), overall recommendations and limitations. |
Funding and Conflict of interest | Yes/no for declaration of funding sources (and role of funders) and conflict of interest by authors |
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Share and Cite
Nyadanu, S.D.; Tessema, G.A.; Mullins, B.; Kumi-Boateng, B.; Bell, M.L.; Pereira, G. Ambient Air Pollution, Extreme Temperatures and Birth Outcomes: A Protocol for an Umbrella Review, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8658. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228658
Nyadanu SD, Tessema GA, Mullins B, Kumi-Boateng B, Bell ML, Pereira G. Ambient Air Pollution, Extreme Temperatures and Birth Outcomes: A Protocol for an Umbrella Review, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(22):8658. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228658
Chicago/Turabian StyleNyadanu, Sylvester Dodzi, Gizachew Assefa Tessema, Ben Mullins, Bernard Kumi-Boateng, Michelle Lee Bell, and Gavin Pereira. 2020. "Ambient Air Pollution, Extreme Temperatures and Birth Outcomes: A Protocol for an Umbrella Review, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22: 8658. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228658