Enhancing Happiness for Nursing Students through Positive Psychology Activities: A Mixed Methods Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Setting and Participants
2.3. Instruments
2.3.1. Positive Psychological Capital
2.3.2. Learning Flow
2.3.3. Sense of Calling
2.3.4. Participation Experience Questionnaire
- What did you like about this program?
- What are some of the regrets that you have after participating in this program?
- What has changed in you or in your environment after participating in the program?
2.4. Data Collection and Procedure
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Quantitative Results
3.1.1. Baseline Homogeneity Tests of Participants’ Characteristics and Dependent Variables
3.1.2. Effects of the Character Strength Exploration Program
3.2. Qualitative Results
3.2.1. Change of Views about Oneself
3.2.2. Change of Views about the World
3.2.3. Stress Relief
3.2.4. Practicing Positivity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Session | Theme | Contents |
---|---|---|
1 | Orientation | 1. Introduction to positive psychology and character strengths 2. Program orientation 3. Participants’ introduction 4. Oath ceremony |
2 | Positive views | 1. Strength pyramid 2. Master of strengths 3. Strengths identified by others 4. Strength test |
3 | Remarkable discovery | 1. Finding strengths game 2. Drawing a life graph 3. Letter of gratitude 4. Strength seesaw |
4 | The power of strengths | 1. Strength speed game 2. The gift of time 3. Reorganization of daily life 2. Information about the strength-based happiness project |
5 | Positive relationships | 1. Strength coaching game 2. Strength-improving conversation skills 3. Strength Secret Santa |
6 | Positive realization | 1. Strength-based happiness project 2. Strength avatar 3. Postcard of values 4. Strength planner 5. Closing |
Variables | Categories | Experimental Group (n = 25) | Control Group (n = 26) | χ2/Z | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or M ± SD | n (%) or M ± SD | ||||
Sex | Female | 21 (41.2) | 17 (33.3) | 2.33 | 0.199 * |
Male | 4 (7.8) | 9 (17.7) | |||
Age (M ± SD = 19.8 ± 1.13) | - | 19.7 ±1.15 | 19.9 ±1.14 | −1.162 | 0.245 |
Family income | Under 5 | 14 (27.4) | 15 (29.4) | 0.02 | 0.903 |
(Unit = million won) | Over 5 | 11 (21.6) | 11 (21.6) | ||
Religion | No | 15 (29.4) | 14 (27.4) | 0.19 | 0.657 |
Yes | 10 (19.6) | 12 (23.6) |
Variables | Experimental Group (n = 25) | Control Group. (n = 26) | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
M ± SD | M ± SD | |||
Psychological capital resource | 3.39 ± 0.41 | 3.56 ± 0.62 | −1.56 | 0.253 |
Learning flow | 2.79 ± 0.42 | 2.94 ± 0.61 | −0.98 | 0.479 |
Calling and vocation | 2.85 ± 0.40 | 3.05 ± 0.49 | −1.62 | 0.111 |
Variables | Group | Pre-Test | Post-Test | t | p | Mean Difference (Post-Pre) | t | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M ± SD | M ± SD | M ± SD | ||||||||
Psychological capital resource | Exp. | 3.39 | 0.41 | 3.86 | 0.58 | 5.61 | <0.001 | 0.47 ± 0.42 | 3.59 | 0.001 |
Cont. | 3.57 | 0.62 | 3.64 | 0.51 | 1.17 | 0.252 | 0.07 ± 0.35 | |||
Learning flow | Exp. | 2.79 | 0.42 | 3.52 | 0.60 | 5.95 | <0.001 | 0.73 ± 0.61 | 4.14 | <0.001 |
Cont. | 2.94 | 0.62 | 3.07 | 0.58 | 1.68 | 0.105 | 0.13 ± 0.39 | |||
Calling and vocation | Exp. | 2.85 | 0.40 | 3.04 | 0.48 | 4.51 | <0.001 | 0.19 ± 0.21 | 3.15 | 0.003 |
Cont. | 3.05 | 0.49 | 3.00 | 0.41 | −0.90 | 0.376 | −0.05 ± 0.34 |
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Han, J.-W.; Kang, K.I.; Joung, J. Enhancing Happiness for Nursing Students through Positive Psychology Activities: A Mixed Methods Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 9274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249274
Han J-W, Kang KI, Joung J. Enhancing Happiness for Nursing Students through Positive Psychology Activities: A Mixed Methods Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(24):9274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249274
Chicago/Turabian StyleHan, Jeong-Won, Kyung Im Kang, and Jaewon Joung. 2020. "Enhancing Happiness for Nursing Students through Positive Psychology Activities: A Mixed Methods Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9274. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249274