The Association between Body Mass Index and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ)
2.3. Weight Status
2.4. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | World Health Organization Standard of Obesity | Obesity as Defined for People with MS | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal (n = 144) | Overweight (n = 57) | Obese (n = 37) | p-Value | Normal (n = 142) | Obese (n = 96) | p-Value | |
Age (years) | 38.07 ± 12.15 | 46.18 ± 13.04 | 40.93 ± 13.09 | <0.001 * | 38.06 ± 12.23 | 43.99 ± 13.14 | <0.001 * |
Sex (female/male) | 87/57 | 31/26 | 20/17 | 86/56 | 52/44 | ||
Height (cm) | 169.14 ± 9.08 | 168.32 ± 9.15 | 167.43 ± 10.29 | 0.576 | 169.11 ± 8.99 | 168.03 ± 9.70 | 0.379 |
Weight (kg) | 62.04 ± 9.35 | 77.31 ± 10.13 | 92.86 ± 12.39 | <0.001 * | 61.88 ± 9.21 | 83.21 ± 13.46 | <0.001 * |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.60 ± 1.99 | 27.18 ± 1.38 | 33.06 ± 2.64 | <0.001 * | 21.55 ± 1.97 | 29.39 ± 3.52 | <0.001 * |
Disease duration (years) | 5.52 ± 8.03 | 9.31 ± 9.06 | 5.38 ± 6.86 | 0.020 * | 5.52 ± 8.03 | 7.69 ± 8.41 | 0.068 |
EDSS (score) | 2.53 ± 1.73 | 2.82 ± 1.65 | 2.70 ± 1.58 | 0.573 | 2.54 ± 1.74 | 2.76 ± 1.60 | 0.341 |
Pyramidal | 1.37 ± 1.23 | 1.56 ± 1.29 | 1.58 ± 1.20 | 0.518 | 1.37 ± 1.23 | 1.56 ± 1.24 | 0.274 |
Cerebellar | 0.74 ± 0.97 | 0.67 ± 0.92 | 0.73 ± 0.91 | 0.917 | 0.74 ± 0.97 | 0.69 ± 0.91 | 0.663 |
Sensory | 0.79 ± 1.05 | 0.87 ± 0.97 | 0.85 ± 1.00 | 0.895 | 0.78 ± 1.05 | 0.87 ± 0.98 | 0.531 |
GLTEQ (score) | 18.18 ± 18.16 | 15.26 ± 19.27 | 11.43 ± 13.96 | 0.106 | 18.16 ± 18.14 | 13.88 ± 17.47 | 0.071 |
BMI | Active vs. Insufficiently Active | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | ß | SE | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
Model 1 (without adjustment for age, sex, and disability status) | ||||||
Normal | 144 | Reference | 1.000 | |||
Overweight | 57 | 0.067 | 0.341 | 1.070 | 0.548–2.086 | 0.844 |
Obesity | 37 | 0.499 | 0.438 | 1.648 | 0.698–3.888 | 0.254 |
Model 2 (with adjustment for age, sex, and disability status) | ||||||
Normal | 144 | Reference | 1.000 | |||
Overweight | 57 | 0.119 | 0.394 | 1.126 | 0.521–2.436 | 0.763 |
Obesity | 37 | 0.089 | 0.462 | 1.093 | 0.442–2.702 | 0.847 |
BMI | Active | Insufficiently Active | Total | x2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | 44 (31.0%) | 98 (69.0%) | 142 (100.0%) | 0.420 | 0.564 |
Obesity | 26 (27.1%) | 70 (72.9%) | 96 (100.0%) | ||
Total | 70 (29.4%) | 168 (70.6%) | 238 (100.0%) |
BMI | Mild vs. Moderate-Severe | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | ß | SE | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
Model 1 (without adjustment for age, sex, and physical activity) | ||||||
Normal | 144 | Reference | 1.000 | |||
Overweight | 57 | 0.515 | 0.420 | 1.674 | 0.735–3.810 | 0.220 |
Obesity | 37 | −0.482 | 0.653 | 0.618 | 0.172–2.221 | 0.460 |
Model 2 (with adjustment for age, sex, and physical activity) | ||||||
Normal | 144 | Reference | 1.000 | |||
Overweight | 57 | 0.122 | 0.452 | 1.130 | 0.466–2.738 | 0.787 |
Obesity | 37 | −0.806 | 0.676 | 0.447 | 0.119–1.682 | 0.234 |
BMI | Mild Disability | Moderate-Severe Disability | Total | x2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | 124 (87.3%) | 18 (12.7%) | 142 (100.0%) | 0.179 | 0.701 |
Obesity | 82 (85.4%) | 14 (14.6%) | 96 (100.0%) | ||
Total | 206 (86.6%) | 32 (13.4%) | 238 (100.0%) |
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So, W.-Y.; Kalron, A. The Association between Body Mass Index and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030920
So W-Y, Kalron A. The Association between Body Mass Index and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(3):920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030920
Chicago/Turabian StyleSo, Wi-Young, and Alon Kalron. 2020. "The Association between Body Mass Index and Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 920. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030920