Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats

Wang, Yafei; Tang, Yuqing; Li, Zhou; Hua, Qihang; Wang, Li; Song, Xin; Zou, Baobo; Ding, Min; Zhao, Jinshun; Tang, Chunlan

doi:10.3390/ijerph17041451

Open AccessArticle

Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats

by

Yafei Wang

¹,

Yuqing Tang

¹,

Zhou Li

¹,

Qihang Hua

¹,

Li Wang

²,

Xin Song

¹,

Baobo Zou

¹,

Min Ding

³,

Jinshun Zhao

^1,*

and

Chunlan Tang

^1,*

¹

Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China

²

Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, China

³

Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(4), 1451; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451

Submission received: 26 December 2019 / Revised: 20 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 February 2020 / Published: 24 February 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicology and Public Health)

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Abstract

To explore the joint toxicity and bio-accumulation of multi-heavy metals and potential chemoprevention strategies, Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were treated orally once a week for six months with 500mg/kg•bw of eight heavy metals which were commonly identified in aquatic products in the Ningbo area including chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, mercury, and lead. At the same time, 200mg/kg•bw of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TCD) or glutathione (GSH) were administered to evaluate their antagonistic effects against adverse effects of multi-heavy metal mixture. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory in the treated rats. Then the rats were anesthetized by pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg•bw) to obtain blood samples for biochemical analysis and organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, testis) to be conducted for biopsy and organ coefficients. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals. Results indicated that six months of exposure to a multi-heavy metal mixture under this experimental dosage resulted in accumulation in organs and adverse effects on the blood, reproductive system, and liver function. EGCG, TCD or GSH all showed certain chemoprevention effects against the joint toxicity induced by the multi-heavy metal mixture and indicated alleviation and the potential mechanism that also included the promotion of excretion of metals to which animals were exposed.

Keywords: multi-heavy metal mixture; joint toxicity; accumulation; chemoprevention; antagonism; Sprague Dawley rats

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Y.; Tang, Y.; Li, Z.; Hua, Q.; Wang, L.; Song, X.; Zou, B.; Ding, M.; Zhao, J.; Tang, C. Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451

AMA Style

Wang Y, Tang Y, Li Z, Hua Q, Wang L, Song X, Zou B, Ding M, Zhao J, Tang C. Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(4):1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Yafei, Yuqing Tang, Zhou Li, Qihang Hua, Li Wang, Xin Song, Baobo Zou, Min Ding, Jinshun Zhao, and Chunlan Tang. 2020. "Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451

APA Style

Wang, Y., Tang, Y., Li, Z., Hua, Q., Wang, L., Song, X., Zou, B., Ding, M., Zhao, J., & Tang, C. (2020). Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1451. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451

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Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats

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