A Replication Study Identified Seven SNPs Associated with Quantitative Traits of Type 2 Diabetes among Chinese Population in A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Subjects
2.2. Assessment and Definition of Insulin Resistance and Impaired Insulin Release
2.3. Genotyping and SNP Selection
2.4. Demographic Characteristic, Physical Activity and Dietary Measurement
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Basic Characteristics of Study Subjects
3.2. Association between Individual SNP and Insulin Resistance
3.3. Association between Individual SNP and Impaired Insulin Release
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total | Male | Female | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1654 | 647 (39.1%) | 1007 (60.9%) | |
Age (year) | 49.9 ± 1.5 | 49.9±1.5 | 49.9 ± 1.5 | 0.9347 |
Insulin resistance | 0.0950 | |||
No | 1189 (71.9%) | 480 (74.2%) | 709 (70.4%) | |
Yes | 465 (28.1%) | 167 (25.8%) | 298 (29.6%) | |
Impaired insulin release | 0.0050 | |||
No | 1179 (71.3%) | 436 (67.4%) | 743 (73.8%) | |
Yes | 475 (28.7%) | 211 (32.6%) | 264 (26.2%) | |
Education level | <0.0001 | |||
Illiterate or primary school | 563 (34%) | 140 (21.6%) | 423 (42.0%) | |
Middle school | 723 (43.7%) | 327 (50.5%) | 396 (39.3%) | |
Senior school | 368 (22.2%) | 180 (27.8%) | 188 (18.7%) | |
Economic status | 0.7453 | |||
Low | 839 (52.7%) | 324 (52.1%) | 515 (53.1%) | |
Middle | 633 (39.8%) | 254 (40.8%) | 379 (39.1%) | |
High | 119 (7.5%) | 44 (7.1%) | 75 (7.7%) | |
Smoking | <0.0001 | |||
No | 1164 (70.5%) | 204 (31.6%) | 960 (95.4%) | |
Yes | 487 (29.5%) | 441 (68.4%) | 46 (4.6%) | |
Drinking | <0.0001 | |||
Yes | 1121 (67.9%) | 250 (38.7%) | 871 (86.6%) | |
No | 531 (32.1%) | 396 (61.3%) | 135 (13.4%) | |
Whole cereal and beans intake levels | 0.0171 | |||
Low | 1080 (86.5%) | 425 (88%) | 655 (85.5%) | |
Medium | 133 (10.6%) | 39 (8.1%) | 94 (12.3%) | |
High | 36 (2.9%) | 19 (3.9%) | 17 (2.2%) | |
Livestock and poultry intake levels | 0.0003 | |||
Low | 517 (41.4%) | 184 (38.1%) | 333 (43.5%) | |
Medium | 284 (22.7%) | 93 (19.3%) | 191 (24.9%) | |
High | 448 (35.9%) | 206 (42.7%) | 242 (31.6%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 ± 3.4 | 24.0 ± 3.4 | 24.5 ± 3.4 | 0.002 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 82.2 ± 10.0 | 83.7 ± 10.4 | 81.3 ± 9.6 | <0.0001 |
Exercise | 0.0409 | |||
No | 1500 (91.4%) | 600 (93.2%) | 900 (90.3%) | |
Yes | 141 (8.6%) | 44 (6.8%) | 97 (9.7%) | |
Sedentary time (h/d) | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 0.6235 |
Identified Association to | Loci | Chr | Reported Gene | Risk/Other Allele | Insulin Resistance | Impaired Insulin Release | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||||
OR (95%CI) | p Value | OR (95%CI) | p Value | OR (95%CI) | p Value | OR (95%CI) | p Value | |||||
T2D | rs340874 | 1 | PROX1 | C/T | 0.97(0.83,1.14) | 0.718 | 0.96(0.81,1.13) | 0.595 | 0.89(0.76,1.04) | 0.137 | 0.90(0.76,1.05) | 0.187 |
rs243021 | 2 | BCL11A | A/G | 1.08(0.92,1.27) | 0.362 | 1.07(0.89,1.27) | 0.486 | 0.94(0.80,1.10) | 0.436 | 0.94(0.80,1.11) | 0.483 | |
rs2943641 | 2 | IRS1 | C/T | 1.20(0.89,1.62) | 0.226 | 1.26(0.92,1.73) | 0.157 | 1.00(0.75,1.32) | 0.985 | 0.98(0.74,1.31) | 0.911 | |
rs3923113 | 2 | GRB14 | A/C | 1.03(0.83,1.30) | 0.770 | 1.02(0.80,1.30) | 0.852 | 1.16(0.92,1.46) | 0.210 | 1.15(0.91,1.45) | 0.247 | |
rs7593730 | 2 | RBMS1, ITGB6 | C/T | 1.08(0.87,1.33) | 0.509 | 1.08(0.86,1.35) | 0.532 | 0.91(0.74,1.12) | 0.375 | 0.91(0.74,1.13) | 0.399 | |
rs780094 | 2 | GCKR | C/T | 1.09(0.93,1.28) | 0.284 | 1.10(0.93,1.30) | 0.293 | 1.00(0.85,1.17) | 0.964 | 0.97(0.83,1.14) | 0.726 | |
rs1470579 | 3 | IGF2BP2 | C/A | 0.98(0.82,1.18) | 0.854 | 1.04(0.86,1.25) | 0.716 | 1.04(0.87,1.24) | 0.646 | 1.04(0.86,1.24) | 0.708 | |
rs16861329 | 3 | ST6GAL1 | T/C | 0.84(0.70,1.02) | 0.081 | 0.89(0.72,1.09) | 0.246 | 0.86(0.71,1.04) | 0.118 | 0.85(0.70,1.03) | 0.103 | |
rs4607103 | 3 | ADAMTS9 | C/T | 1.13(0.97,1.33) | 0.123 | 1.15(0.97,1.37) | 0.099 | 0.87(0.74,1.01) | 0.067 | 0.87(0.74,1.02) | 0.083 | |
rs4858889 | 3 | SCAP | A/G | 1.01(0.81,1.26) | 0.908 | 1.07(0.84,1.35) | 0.587 | 0.93(0.75,1.16) | 0.539 | 0.90(0.72,1.13) | 0.358 | |
rs7612463 | 3 | UBE2E2 | C/A | 0.89(0.73,1.07) | 0.205 | 0.86(0.70,1.05) | 0.142 | 1.04(0.86,1.25) | 0.723 | 1.06(0.87,1.29) | 0.561 | |
rs831571 | 3 | PSMD6 | C/T | 1.10(0.93,1.29) | 0.256 | 1.11(0.93,1.32) | 0.262 | 1.02(0.87,1.20) | 0.775 | 1.01(0.85,1.19) | 0.956 | |
rs6815464 | 4 | MAEA | C/G | 0.85(0.73,1.00) | 0.053 | 0.84(0.71,1.00) | 0.044 | 1.12(0.96,1.32) | 0.153 | 1.15(0.98,1.35) | 0.098 | |
rs459193 | 5 | ANKRD55 | G/A | 1.02(0.88,1.19) | 0.780 | 1.07(0.91,1.26) | 0.434 | 1.02(0.87,1.18) | 0.854 | 1.01(0.87,1.19) | 0.865 | |
rs10946398 | 6 | CDKAL1 | C/A | 0.96(0.81,1.13) | 0.592 | 0.93(0.79,1.11) | 0.430 | 1.01(0.86,1.18) | 0.921 | 1.03(0.88,1.22) | 0.707 | |
rs1535500 | 6 | KCNK16 | T/G | 0.93(0.80,1.09) | 0.390 | 0.91(0.77,1.07) | 0.239 | 1.06(0.91,1.23) | 0.492 | 1.06(0.90,1.24) | 0.486 | |
rs9470794 | 6 | ZFAND3 | C/T | 0.97(0.82,1.14) | 0.691 | 1.00(0.84,1.19) | 0.973 | 1.10(0.93,1.29) | 0.256 | 1.08(0.92,1.28) | 0.343 | |
rs2191349 | 7 | DGKB, TMEM195 | T/G | 1.07(0.91,1.25) | 0.419 | 1.04(0.88,1.23) | 0.648 | 0.93(0.79,1.08) | 0.329 | 0.91(0.77,1.06) | 0.225 | |
rs4607517 | 7 | GCK | A/G | 1.09(0.91,1.31) | 0.354 | 1.06(0.87,1.29) | 0.550 | 0.96(0.79,1.15) | 0.629 | 0.97(0.81,1.18) | 0.783 | |
rs864745 | 7 | JAZF1 | T/C | 1.03(0.85,1.24) | 0.783 | 1.01(0.82,1.23) | 0.951 | 0.92(0.76,1.11) | 0.367 | 0.95(0.79,1.15) | 0.600 | |
rs972283 | 7 | KLF14 | G/A | 0.92(0.77,1.09) | 0.332 | 0.93(0.77,1.12) | 0.449 | 0.99(0.84,1.18) | 0.928 | 1.00(0.84,1.19) | 0.969 | |
rs13266634 | 8 | SLC30A8 | C/T | 1.07(0.91,1.25) | 0.424 | 1.07(0.90,1.28) | 0.416 | 1.11(0.95,1.30) | 0.196 | 1.12(0.95,1.32) | 0.164 | |
rs516946 | 8 | ANK1 | C/T | 1.15(0.90,1.48) | 0.271 | 1.27(0.97,1.65) | 0.083 | 1.42(1.10,1.83) | 0.008 | 1.39(1.07,1.81) | 0.014 | |
rs896854 | 8 | TP53INP1 | T/C | 0.95(0.81,1.12) | 0.560 | 0.96(0.81,1.15) | 0.683 | 0.99(0.84,1.16) | 0.889 | 0.96(0.81,1.14) | 0.639 | |
rs10811661 | 9 | CDKN2A, CDKN2B | T/C | 1.06(0.90,1.25) | 0.500 | 1.10(0.93,1.31) | 0.268 | 1.14(0.96,1.34) | 0.131 | 1.15(0.97,1.36) | 0.110 | |
rs17584499 | 9 | PTPRD | T/C | 1.10(0.86,1.41) | 0.458 | 1.12(0.85,1.46) | 0.427 | 0.90(0.70,1.17) | 0.429 | 0.89(0.69,1.16) | 0.404 | |
rs2796441 | 9 | TLE1 | G/A | 0.91(0.78,1.06) | 0.231 | 0.93(0.79,1.10) | 0.387 | 1.03(0.88,1.21) | 0.691 | 1.03(0.88,1.21) | 0.680 | |
rs7041847 | 9 | GLIS3 | A/G | 0.95(0.81,1.11) | 0.526 | 0.98(0.83,1.16) | 0.812 | 0.96(0.82,1.13) | 0.627 | 0.93(0.80,1.10) | 0.400 | |
rs10886471 | 10 | GRK5 | C/T | 1.03(0.85,1.25) | 0.748 | 1.07(0.87,1.31) | 0.538 | 1.17(0.96,1.42) | 0.118 | 1.20(0.99,1.47) | 0.068 | |
rs10906115 | 10 | CDC123, CAMK1D | A/G | 0.91(0.77,1.07) | 0.262 | 0.97(0.81,1.16) | 0.747 | 1.13(0.96,1.33) | 0.139 | 1.10(0.93,1.30) | 0.260 | |
rs11257655 | 10 | CDC123 | T/C | 0.90(0.77,1.06) | 0.194 | 0.95(0.80,1.13) | 0.538 | 1.12(0.96,1.31) | 0.159 | 1.08(0.92,1.27) | 0.366 | |
rs5015480 | 10 | HHEX | C/T | 1.18(0.96,1.44) | 0.111 | 1.24(1.00,1.53) | 0.054 | 0.90(0.73,1.10) | 0.305 | 0.86(0.69,1.06) | 0.161 | |
rs10830963 | 11 | MTNR1B | G/C | 0.99(0.84,1.16) | 0.876 | 1.06(0.89,1.25) | 0.524 | 1.09(0.93,1.27) | 0.304 | 1.08(0.92,1.27) | 0.371 | |
rs1552224 | 11 | CENTD2 | A/C | 0.75(0.58,0.98) | 0.037 | 0.77(0.58,1.01) | 0.063 | 1.39(1.03,1.86) | 0.030 | 1.47(1.09,1.99) | 0.013 | |
rs2237892 | 11 | KCNQ1 | C/T | 0.97(0.82,1.15) | 0.719 | 0.97(0.81,1.16) | 0.721 | 1.10(0.92,1.30) | 0.300 | 1.12(0.94,1.34) | 0.207 | |
rs5215 | 11 | KCNJ11 | C/T | 0.93(0.79,1.09) | 0.362 | 0.90(0.76,1.07) | 0.225 | 1.13(0.97,1.33) | 0.123 | 1.15(0.97,1.35) | 0.100 | |
rs10842994 | 12 | KLHDC5 | C/T | 1.09(0.89,1.34) | 0.386 | 1.12(0.91,1.39) | 0.293 | 0.95(0.78,1.15) | 0.577 | 0.95(0.77,1.16) | 0.606 | |
rs7961581 | 12 | TSPAN8, LGR5 | C/T | 0.86(0.71,1.05) | 0.137 | 0.88(0.71,1.08) | 0.208 | 1.25(1.04,1.50) | 0.020 | 1.25(1.03,1.51) | 0.022 | |
rs11634397 | 15 | ZFAND6 | G/A | 1.04(0.81,1.34) | 0.742 | 1.10(0.84,1.44) | 0.488 | 0.89(0.68,1.15) | 0.365 | 0.87(0.67,1.13) | 0.287 | |
rs2028299 | 15 | AP3S2 | C/A | 1.07(0.89,1.29) | 0.472 | 1.09(0.90,1.32) | 0.391 | 1.19(0.99,1.42) | 0.065 | 1.17(0.97,1.41) | 0.100 | |
rs7172432 | 15 | C2CD4A, C2CD4B | A/G | 1.16(0.98,1.36) | 0.082 | 1.13(0.95,1.35) | 0.156 | 1.15(0.98,1.35) | 0.092 | 1.12(0.95,1.33) | 0.166 | |
rs7178572 | 15 | HMG20A | G/A | 1.06(0.90,1.25) | 0.480 | 1.09(0.92,1.30) | 0.331 | 1.11(0.94,1.30) | 0.219 | 1.09(0.92,1.28) | 0.337 | |
rs7403531 | 15 | RASGRP1 | T/C | 1.32(1.12,1.56) | 0.001 | 1.35(1.13,1.62) | 0.001 | 0.95(0.81,1.13) | 0.565 | 0.93(0.78,1.10) | 0.373 | |
rs1558902 | 16 | FTO | A/T | 1.09(0.87,1.38) | 0.454 | 1.05(0.82,1.34) | 0.72 | 1.08(0.86,1.36) | 0.507 | 1.08(0.86,1.37) | 0.504 | |
rs7202877 | 16 | BCAR1 | T/G | 0.93(0.76,1.13) | 0.443 | 0.93(0.75,1.15) | 0.505 | 0.88(0.72,1.07) | 0.184 | 0.89(0.73,1.08) | 0.231 | |
rs8050136 | 16 | FTO | A/C | 1.08(0.85,1.36) | 0.535 | 1.03(0.80,1.33) | 0.805 | 1.09(0.86,1.37) | 0.484 | 1.08(0.85,1.37) | 0.525 | |
rs4430796 | 17 | HNF1B | G/A | 0.99(0.83,1.17) | 0.884 | 0.96(0.80,1.16) | 0.676 | 0.98(0.83,1.16) | 0.824 | 0.98(0.82,1.17) | 0.825 | |
rs12454712 | 18 | BCL2 | T/C | 1.02(0.87,1.19) | 0.852 | 1.00(0.85,1.18) | 0.966 | 1.00(0.86,1.17) | 0.997 | 0.98(0.84,1.15) | 0.815 | |
rs12970134 | 18 | MC4R | G/A | 0.93(0.76,1.15) | 0.510 | 0.95(0.76,1.19) | 0.656 | 1.10(0.89,1.36) | 0.365 | 1.11(0.89,1.37) | 0.355 | |
rs8090011 | 18 | LAMA1 | G/C | 0.92(0.77,1.09) | 0.339 | 0.94(0.78,1.13) | 0.476 | 1.10(0.93,1.32) | 0.276 | 1.11(0.93,1.33) | 0.249 | |
rs10401969 | 19 | CILP2 | C/T | 1.03(0.79,1.36) | 0.826 | 1.00(0.74,1.33) | 0.977 | 0.99(0.75,1.30) | 0.937 | 0.98(0.74,1.30) | 0.907 | |
rs3794991 | 19 | GATAD2A | T/C | 1.14(0.84,1.56) | 0.392 | 1.12(0.80,1.56) | 0.510 | 0.87(0.63,1.20) | 0.392 | 0.86(0.61,1.20) | 0.362 | |
Birth weight | rs724577 | 4 | LCORL | C/A | 0.98(0.83,1.15) | 0.764 | 1.04(0.88,1.25) | 0.632 | 1.06(0.90,1.25) | 0.486 | 1.03(0.87,1.21) | 0.758 |
rs4432842 | 5 | 5q11.2 | T/C | 1.17(1.00,1.37) | 0.050 | 1.23(1.04,1.45) | 0.017 | 1.03(0.88,1.21) | 0.701 | 1.04(0.89,1.22) | 0.609 | |
rs6931514 | 6 | CDKAL1 | G/A | 1.00(0.85,1.19) | 0.976 | 1.01(0.85,1.21) | 0.882 | 0.93(0.79,1.10) | 0.390 | 0.95(0.80,1.13) | 0.562 | |
rs1042725 | 12 | HMGA2 | T/C | 1.00(0.83,1.22) | 0.989 | 0.98(0.8,1.21) | 0.864 | 0.98(0.81,1.19) | 0.840 | 0.96(0.79,1.17) | 0.716 | |
BMI | rs2568958 | 1 | 1p31 | A/G | 1.08(0.82,1.43) | 0.582 | 1.10(0.81,1.49) | 0.545 | 0.86(0.66,1.13) | 0.276 | 0.85(0.64,1.11) | 0.233 |
rs574367 | 1 | SEC16B | G/T | 1.25(1.02,1.53) | 0.033 | 1.34(1.07,1.67) | 0.010 | 1.01(0.83,1.23) | 0.925 | 1.01(0.83,1.24) | 0.893 | |
rs7561317 | 2 | TMEM18 | G/A | 0.95(0.73,1.24) | 0.725 | 0.98(0.74,1.3) | 0.898 | 1.07(0.81,1.39) | 0.645 | 1.11(0.84,1.46) | 0.468 | |
rs16892496 | 8 | TRHR | C/A | 0.98(0.84,1.14) | 0.783 | 1.00(0.85,1.18) | 0.968 | 0.91(0.78,1.06) | 0.224 | 0.90(0.77,1.05) | 0.179 | |
rs7832552 | 8 | TRHR | T/C | 0.96(0.82,1.12) | 0.585 | 0.98(0.83,1.15) | 0.782 | 0.90(0.78,1.05) | 0.193 | 0.89(0.76,1.04) | 0.142 | |
rs11030104 | 11 | BDNF, BDNF-AS | A/G | 1.18(1.01,1.39) | 0.041 | 1.12(0.95,1.33) | 0.184 | 0.96(0.82,1.12) | 0.582 | 0.95(0.81,1.11) | 0.515 | |
rs6265 | 11 | BDNF, BDNF-AS | C/T | 1.14(0.97,1.34) | 0.108 | 1.10(0.93,1.31) | 0.263 | 0.95(0.81,1.11) | 0.524 | 0.94(0.80,1.11) | 0.467 | |
rs9939609 | 16 | FTO | A/T | 1.02(0.81,1.30) | 0.846 | 0.97(0.75,1.25) | 0.803 | 1.06(0.84,1.35) | 0.612 | 1.06(0.83,1.35) | 0.641 |
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Yuan, F.; Li, H.; Song, C.; Fang, H.; Wang, R.; Zhang, Y.; Gong, W.; Liu, A. A Replication Study Identified Seven SNPs Associated with Quantitative Traits of Type 2 Diabetes among Chinese Population in A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072439
Yuan F, Li H, Song C, Fang H, Wang R, Zhang Y, Gong W, Liu A. A Replication Study Identified Seven SNPs Associated with Quantitative Traits of Type 2 Diabetes among Chinese Population in A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(7):2439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072439
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuan, Fan, Hui Li, Chao Song, Hongyun Fang, Rui Wang, Yan Zhang, Weiyan Gong, and Ailing Liu. 2020. "A Replication Study Identified Seven SNPs Associated with Quantitative Traits of Type 2 Diabetes among Chinese Population in A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072439