Factors Obscuring the Role of E. coli from Domestic Animals in the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis: An Evidence-Based Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Population Genetics of E. coli and AMR
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Outcome of Interest
2.2. Identifying the Relevant Literature
2.3. Eligibility Assessment
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Why Have Studies Failed to Show a Link between Antimicrobial Resistance in Humans and Domestic Animals?
3.2. Inadequate Sampling
3.3. Focus on Opportunistic Pathogens
3.4. Complex Dynamics of Mobile Genetic Elements
3.5. Focus on Non-Dominant Clones
3.6. Different Environmental Contexts
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Advanced Typing Methods 1 | Spatially Matched Sampling | Temporally Matched Sampling | Focused on Human Pathogens | Strong Evidence of Animal-Human Transmission | Financial Support |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
De Been, et al., 2014 [39] | + | − | − | + | − | Government |
De Been, et al., 2014 [39] | + | + | + | − | + | Government |
Hu, et al., 2016 [53] | + | − | − | − | + | Government |
Salinas, et al. 2019 [55] | + | + | + | − | + | Government |
Ludden, et al., 2019 [70] | + | − | − | + | − | Government |
Day, et al., 2016 [71] | + | − | − | + | − | Government, private, NGO |
Dorado-Garcia, et al., 2018 [72] | + | − | − | + | − | Government, private |
Mainda, et al., 2019 [73] | + | − | + | + | − | Government, private |
Falgenhauer, 2019 [74] | + | + | + | − | + | Government |
Berg, et al., 2016 [75] | + | + | + | − | + | Government |
Li, et al., 2019 [76] | + | + | + | − | + | Government |
Loayza, et al., 2019 [77] | + | + | + | − | + | NGO |
Liu, et al., 2016 [78] | + | − | − | + | + | Government |
Trung et al., 2019 [79] | + | + | + | − | − | Government |
Falgenhauer, et al., 2016 [80] | + | − | − | − | + | Government |
Reeves, et al., 2011 [81] | + | + | + | + | + | Government |
Hedman, et al., 2019 [82] | − | + | + | − | + | Government, NGO |
Trung, et al., 2017 [83] | − | + | + | − | + | Government |
Valentin, et al., 2014 [84] | − | − | − | − | − | Government |
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Loayza, F.; Graham, J.P.; Trueba, G. Factors Obscuring the Role of E. coli from Domestic Animals in the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis: An Evidence-Based Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3061. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093061
Loayza F, Graham JP, Trueba G. Factors Obscuring the Role of E. coli from Domestic Animals in the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis: An Evidence-Based Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(9):3061. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093061
Chicago/Turabian StyleLoayza, Fernanda, Jay P. Graham, and Gabriel Trueba. 2020. "Factors Obscuring the Role of E. coli from Domestic Animals in the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis: An Evidence-Based Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3061. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093061