Comparative Toxic Effects of Manufactured Nanoparticles and Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Human Lung Epithelial Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Test Substances
2.2. Cell Culture and Exposure Conditions
2.3. Cell Viability Assay
2.4. ROS Measurement
2.5. ATP Measurement
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of Test Particles
3.2. Cytotoxicity and Intracellular Response
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Particles | Primary Particle Size | Hydrodynamic Diameter (μm) | Zeta Potential (mV) pH = 7.4 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Provided by the Manufacturers | FESEM Images | 0 h | 48 h | ||
Al2O3 NPs | 10–15 nm | 14–60 nm | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | −19.5 ± 2.7 |
TiO2 NPs | 15–25 nm | 15–45 nm | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | −23.9 ± 1.4 |
SiO2 NPs | 20 nm | 13–47 nm | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | −21.3 ± 0.5 |
FeOx NPs | — | 0.2–7.6 μm | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.0 | −22.5 ± 1.3 |
MWCNTs | 30–50 nm in diameter; 0.5–2.0 μm in length | 10–50 nm in diameter | 8.5 ± 1.3 | 8.2 ± 2.1 | −21.4 ± 1.2 |
BCs | 30–45 nm | 10–60 nm | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | −26.6 ± 1.0 |
GOs | — | 2–55 μm | 11.9 ± 0.4 | 28.3 ± 0.7 | −18.9 ± 1.3 |
Graphenes | 6–8 nm in thickness; 5 μm in width | 1–12 μm | 13.2 ± 0.1 | 11.7 ± 3.0 | −27.6 ± 1.6 |
PM | 5.85 μm | 1–26 μm | 12.6 ± 0.2 | 14.7 ± 3.1 | −18.8 ± 2.3 |
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Wu, Y.; Wang, M.; Luo, S.; Gu, Y.; Nie, D.; Xu, Z.; Wu, Y.; Chen, M.; Ge, X. Comparative Toxic Effects of Manufactured Nanoparticles and Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Human Lung Epithelial Cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010022
Wu Y, Wang M, Luo S, Gu Y, Nie D, Xu Z, Wu Y, Chen M, Ge X. Comparative Toxic Effects of Manufactured Nanoparticles and Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Human Lung Epithelial Cells. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010022
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Yun, Mei Wang, Shaojuan Luo, Yunfeng Gu, Dongyang Nie, Zhiyang Xu, Yue Wu, Mindong Chen, and Xinlei Ge. 2021. "Comparative Toxic Effects of Manufactured Nanoparticles and Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Human Lung Epithelial Cells" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010022