Prisoners as Users of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services: A Finnish Attitude Survey
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. The Digitisation of Prisons
1.2. Barriers to the Use of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services for Prisoners
1.3. The Theory of Planned Behaviour as a Perspective for the Introduction of Digital Services
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Aim and Hypotheses
2.3. Sample
2.4. Measures
2.5. Procedure
2.6. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Respondents
3.2. The Reliabilities of the Measures
3.3. Intention to Use Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services and Factors That Affect It
4. Discussion
4.1. Main Findings
4.2. Reflection on the Results
4.3. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
- The statements included in the measures.
- Intention to use digital services
- Perceived behavioural control
- Subjective norms
- Attitudes
- Trust
References
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Variable | Items | N | Mean | SD | Cronbach α |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intention to use digital services | 5 | 221 | 3.40 | 1.03 | 0.866 |
Perceived behavioural control | 5 | 221 | 3.69 | 1.04 | 0.908 |
Subjective norms | 4 | 219 | 3.53 | 0.92 | 0.832 |
Attitudes | 3 | 221 | 3.98 | 0.99 | 0.803 |
Trust | 7 | 222 | 3.37 | 1.12 | 0.967 |
Age | 1 | 193 | 37.8 | 11.7 | - |
Statements | N | I Totally Disagree (%) | I Partially Disagree (%) | I Neither Agree nor Disagree (%) | I Partially Agree (%) | I Totally Agree (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I will use digital social and health services whenever possible in the future. | 223 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 24.7 | 31.4 | 30.9 |
I am likely to primarily deal with social and health services in electronic form in the future. | 222 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 23.0 | 28.8 | 32.0 |
When I need to talk to a professional in the future, I will prefer to meet remotely rather than face to face, if at all possible. | 223 | 28.7 | 13.9 | 27.4 | 15.7 | 14.3 |
I want to manage matters related to my social benefits via the Internet in the future. | 222 | 6.8 | 9.9 | 25.2 | 23.4 | 34.7 |
I would like to primarily take care my health-related issues via the Internet in the future. | 223 | 15.7 | 13.9 | 30.9 | 18.8 | 20.6 |
Variable | Intention to Use Digital Services | Perceived Behavioural Control | Subjective Norms | Attitudes | Trust | Age |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intention to use digital services | 1 | |||||
Perceived behavioural control | 0.712 p < 0.001 N = 219 | 1 | ||||
Subjective norms | 0.696 p < 0.001 N = 219 | 0.485 p < 0.001 N = 217 | 1 | |||
Attitudes | 0.493 p < 0.001 N = 217 | 0.444 p < 0.001 N = 217 | 0.365 p < 0.001 N = 216 | 1 | ||
Trust | 0.643 p < 0.001 N = 219 | 0.539 p < 0.001 N = 218 | 0.565 p < 0.001 N = 217 | 0.379 p < 0.001 N = 218 | 1 | |
Age | −0.093 p = 0.201 N = 191 | −0.261 p < 0.001 N = 191 | −0.072 p = 0.322 N = 189 | −0.128 p = 0.080 N = 189 | −0.120 p = 0.096 N = 192 | 1 |
Model 11 | ||||||
Independent Variable | B | SE | Beta | t | p | VIF |
(constant) | −0.938 | 0.346 | − | −2.707 | 0.008 | − |
Perceived behavioural control | 0.326 | 0.063 | 0.335 | 5.154 | <0.001 | 1.599 |
Subjective norms | 0.443 | 0.068 | 0.403 | 6.524 | <0.001 | 1.441 |
Attitudes | 0.166 | 0.062 | 0.153 | 2.656 | 0.009 | 1.262 |
Trust | 0.196 | 0.061 | 0.217 | 3.246 | 0.001 | 1.690 |
Age | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.033 | 0.521 | 0.603 | 1.489 |
Marital status | −0.032 | 0.113 | −0.015 | −0.281 | 0.780 | 1.088 |
Education level | 0.135 | 0.109 | 0.069 | 1.230 | 0.221 | 1.201 |
Number of convictions | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.045 | 0.785 | 0.434 | 1.234 |
Model 22 | ||||||
Independent Variable | B | SE | Beta | t | p | VIF |
(constant) | −0.547 | 0.198 | − | −2.763 | 0.006 | − |
Perceived behavioural control | 0.368 | 0.048 | 0.374 | 7.700 | <0.001 | 1.650 |
Subjective norms | 0.423 | 0.054 | 0.375 | 7.816 | <0.001 | 1.606 |
Attitudes | 0.139 | 0.047 | 0.128 | 2.960 | 0.003 | 1.319 |
Trust | 0.161 | 0.046 | 0.174 | 3.515 | 0.001 | 1.720 |
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Rantanen, T.; Järveläinen, E.; Leppälahti, T. Prisoners as Users of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services: A Finnish Attitude Survey. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115528
Rantanen T, Järveläinen E, Leppälahti T. Prisoners as Users of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services: A Finnish Attitude Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(11):5528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115528
Chicago/Turabian StyleRantanen, Teemu, Eeva Järveläinen, and Teppo Leppälahti. 2021. "Prisoners as Users of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services: A Finnish Attitude Survey" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115528
APA StyleRantanen, T., Järveläinen, E., & Leppälahti, T. (2021). Prisoners as Users of Digital Health Care and Social Welfare Services: A Finnish Attitude Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115528