Diagnostic Procedures, Diagnoses, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis Pleural Effusion in Uzbekistan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Setting—General, Study Site, and Study Period
2.3. Study Population
2.4. Sources of Data
2.5. Data Collection and Validation
2.6. Data Variables
Definitions
2.7. Analysis and Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Disclaimer
Open Access Statement
References
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Diagnostic Procedure | Total Tests | Confirmed Pleural TB Diagnosis | Confirmed Cancer Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | n | (%) | ||
Bacteriological analysis | - | |||
Sputum smear microscopy for AFB | 186 | 1 | (0.5) | - |
Pleural fluid microscopy for AFB | 129 | 5 | (3.9) | - |
Mycobacterial culture of pleural fluid | 3 | 0 | (0.0) | - |
Xpert MTB/RIF (pleural fluid and/or sputum) | 170 | 20 | (11.8) | - |
Cytology of pleural fluid | 164 | 64 | (39.0) | 8 |
Histology of pleural biopsy | 26 | 16 | (61.5) | 8 |
Characteristics | Total | Successful Outcome | Unsuccessful Outcome | RR | 95% CI | p Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||||
Age group | |||||||||
<40 years | 86 | (57.7) | 79 | (91.9) | 7 | (8.1) | 1 | ||
40 years and over | 63 | (42.3) | 56 | (88.9) | 7 | (11.1) | 1.37 | (0.50–3.70) | 0.540 |
Gender | |||||||||
Male | 89 | (59.7) | 81 | (91.0) | 8 | (9.0) | 1 | ||
Female | 60 | (40.3) | 54 | (90.0) | 6 | (10.0) | 1.11 | (0.41–3.04) | 0.836 |
Region of referral | |||||||||
Tashkent city | 30 | (20.1) | 29 | (96.7) | 1 | (3.3) | |||
Tashkent region | 36 | (24.2) | 31 | (86.1) | 5 | (13.9) | |||
Other cities ^ | 83 | (55.7) | 75 | (90.4) | 8 | (9.6) | |||
Place of residence | |||||||||
Urban | 41 | (27.5) | 37 | (90.2) | 4 | (9.8) | 1 | ||
Rural | 108 | (72.5) | 98 | (90.7) | 10 | (9.3) | 0.95 | (0.32–2.86) | 0.926 |
Drug-resistance | |||||||||
Sensitive/not bac.confirmed | 143 | (96.0) | 131 | (91.6) | 12 | (8.4) | 1 | ||
Confirmed RR/MDR | 6 | (4.0) | 4 | (66.7) | 2 | (33.3) | 3.97 | (1.13–13.93) | 0.031 |
Smoking | |||||||||
Yes | 37 | (24.8) | 35 | (94.6) | 2 | (5.4) | 1.98 | (0.46–8.45) | 0.355 |
No | 112 | (75.2) | 100 | (89.2) | 12 | (10.7) | 1 | ||
Alcohol use | |||||||||
Yes | 9 | (6.0) | 9 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.0) | |||
No | 140 | (94.0) | 126 | (90.0) | 14 | (10.0) | |||
HIV | |||||||||
Yes | 3 | (2.0) | 2 | (66.7) | 1 | (33.3) | 0.27 | (0.05–1.44) | 0.124 |
No | 146 | (98.0) | 133 | (91.1) | 13 | (8.9) | |||
Diabetes | |||||||||
Yes | 3 | (2.0) | 2 | (66.7) | 1 | (33.3) | 3.74 | (0.70–20.13) | 0.124 |
No | 146 | (98.0) | 133 | (91.1) | 13 | (8.9) | |||
Hepatitis | |||||||||
Yes | 5 | (3.4) | 3 | (60.0) | 2 | (40.0) | 4.80 | (1.44–15.98) | 0.011 |
No | 144 | (96.6) | 132 | (91.7) | 12 | (8.3) | 1 | ||
Other comorbidities * | |||||||||
Yes | 19 | (12.8) | 16 | (84.2) | 3 | (15.8) | 1.87 | (0.57–6.09) | 0.301 |
No | 130 | (87.2) | 119 | (91.5) | 11 | (8.5) | 1 |
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Abdugapparov, F.; Grigoryan, R.; Parpieva, N.; Massavirov, S.; Riskiyev, A.; Gadoev, J.; Buziashvili, M.; Tukvadze, N.; Hovhannesyan, A.; Dadu, A. Diagnostic Procedures, Diagnoses, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis Pleural Effusion in Uzbekistan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115769
Abdugapparov F, Grigoryan R, Parpieva N, Massavirov S, Riskiyev A, Gadoev J, Buziashvili M, Tukvadze N, Hovhannesyan A, Dadu A. Diagnostic Procedures, Diagnoses, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis Pleural Effusion in Uzbekistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(11):5769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115769
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdugapparov, Fazlkhan, Ruzanna Grigoryan, Nargiza Parpieva, Sherali Massavirov, Anvar Riskiyev, Jamshid Gadoev, Mariana Buziashvili, Nestani Tukvadze, Arax Hovhannesyan, and Andrei Dadu. 2021. "Diagnostic Procedures, Diagnoses, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Presumptive Tuberculosis Pleural Effusion in Uzbekistan" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115769