Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measurement of Body Composition
2.3. Habitual Physical Activity Measurement
2.4. Neuropsychological Cognitive and Depression Assessment
2.5. Multi-Component Intervention Program
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Body Composition and Habitual Physical Activity Parameters
3.2. Cognitive Function and Depression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Intervention Group (n = 13) | Control Group (n = 13) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic | |||
Age (years) | 70.23 ± 7.47 | 71.77 ± 5.53 | 0.73 |
Male, n (%) | 4(30.8%) | 4(30.8%) | 1.00 |
Educational level (years) | 7.23 ± 4.04 | 7.38 ± 3.33 | 0.65 |
Job sequences, n (%) | 1(7.7%) | 1(7.7%) | 1.00 |
Smoking (yes), n (%) | 0(0%) | 1(7.7%) | 1.00 |
Alcohol consumption (yes), n (%) | 4(30.8%) | 2(15.4%) | 0.65 |
Physical characteristics | |||
Height (m) | 1.56 ± 0.09 | 1.55 ± 0.08 | 0.42 |
Weight (kg) | 55.98 ± 7.48 | 55.85 ± 5.53 | 0.29 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.05 ± 2.16 | 23.18 ± 1.89 | 0.37 |
Waist hip ratio | 0.86 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.72 |
Fat (%) | 31.58 ± 11.40 | 30.54 ± 6.71 | 0.17 |
Lean body mass (kg) | 38.58 ± 9.10 | 38.72 ± 5.70 | 0.11 |
ASMI (kg/m2) | 6.36 ± 1.38 | 6.72 ± 1.27 | 0.49 |
Habitual physical activity parameters | |||
MVPA (min/day) | 23.83 ± 19.09 | 18.61 ± 16.07 | 0.60 |
Step count (steps/day) | 7543 ± 3150 | 6592 ± 2961 | 0.87 |
Depression and Cognitive function | |||
SGDS-K (score) | 5.54 ± 4.27 | 4.23 ± 3.35 | 0.09 |
K-MMSE (score) | 25.77 ± 2.31 | 25.00 ± 2.58 | 0.86 |
Modified ADAS-cog (score) | 24.08 ± 7.75 | 28.54 ± 8.41 | 0.65 |
Variable | Group | Baseline | 12 Weeks | % Diff | p-Value (Interaction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Composition | |||||
Weight (kg) | Intervention | 55.98 ± 7.48 | 56.86 ± 7.39 | 1.57 | 0.59 |
Control | 55.85 ± 5.53 | 56.30 ± 6.45 | 0.81 | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | Intervention | 23.05 ± 2.16 | 23.35 ± 2.19 | 1.30 | 0.87 |
Control | 23.18 ± 1.89 | 23.52 ± 1.86 | 1.47 | ||
Waist circumference (cm) | Intervention | 83.03 ± 7.14 | 79.15 ± 19.01 | −4.67 | 0.26 |
Control | 84.08 ± 7.18 | 85.54 ± 6.76 | 1.74 | ||
Hip circumference (cm) | Intervention | 97.04 ± 4.78 | 95.23 ± 5.23 | −1.87 * | 0.76 |
Control | 95.94 ± 4.45 | 93.62 ± 5.16 | −2.42 | ||
Waist hip ratio | Intervention | 0.86 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.19 | −3.49 | 0.24 |
Control | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.92 ± 0.09 | 4.55 | ||
Fat (%) | Intervention | 31.58 ± 11.40 | 29.45 ± 10.31 | −6.75 | 0.68 |
Control | 30.54 ± 6.71 | 27.53 ± 9.06 | −9.86 | ||
Fat mass (kg) | Intervention | 17.39 ± 5.68 | 16.60 ± 5.66 | −4.54 | 0.64 |
Control | 16.97 ± 3.95 | 15.60 ± 5.39 | −8.07 | ||
Lean body mass (kg) | Intervention | 38.58 ± 9.10 | 40.41 ± 8.62 | 4.74 * | 0.88 |
Control | 38.72 ± 5.70 | 40.68 ± 6.17 | 5.06 * | ||
Muscle mass (kg) | Intervention | 35.98 ± 8.49 | 37.66 ± 8.05 | 4.67 * | 0.87 |
Control | 36.09 ± 5.32 | 37.92 ± 5.74 | 5.07 * | ||
Lower limb muscle mass (kg) | Intervention | 11.72 ± 3.41 | 12.28 ± 3.27 | 4.78 * | 0.28 |
Control | 11.52 ± 2.28 | 11.77 ± 2.15 | 2.17 | ||
ASMI (kg/m2) | Intervention | 6.36 ± 1.38 | 6.56 ± 1.28 | 3.15 | 0.86 |
Control | 6.72 ± 1.27 | 6.87 ± 0.74 | 2.23 | ||
Habitual Physical Activity Parameters | |||||
MVPA (min/day) | Intervention | 23.83 ± 19.09 | 32.57 ± 21.52 | 36.68 * | 0.04 |
Control | 18.61 ± 16.07 | 19.86 ± 22.10 | 6.72 | ||
Step count (steps/day) | Intervention | 7543 ± 3150 | 10189 ± 3768 | 35.08 * | 0.01 |
Control | 6592 ± 2961 | 6342 ± 3732 | −3.79 |
Variable | Group | Baseline | 12 Weeks | % Diff | p-Value (Interaction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGDS-K (score) | Intervention | 5.54 ± 4.27 | 4.38 ± 4.01 | −20.94 * | 0.01 |
Control | 4.23 ± 3.35 | 6.31 ± 4.44 | 49.17 * | ||
K-MMSE (score) | Intervention | 25.77 ± 2.31 | 25.69 ± 2.53 | −0.31 | 0.72 |
Control | 25.00 ± 2.58 | 24.62 ± 2.18 | −1.52 | ||
Modified ADAS-cog (score) | Intervention | 24.08 ± 7.75 | 22.23 ± 8.60 | −7.68 * | 0.11 |
Control | 28.54 ± 8.41 | 29.00 ± 7.90 | 1.61 | ||
Mean TMT-A (s/letter) | Intervention | 2.74 ± 1.26 | 2.01 ± 0.95 | −26.64 * | <0.05 |
Control | 2.19 ± 0.95 | 2.42 ± 1.41 | 10.50 * | ||
Mean TMT-B (s/letter) | Intervention | 3.80 ± 1.46 | 2.40 ± 1.19 | −36.84 * | 0.01 |
Control | 2.79 ± 0.91 | 3.17 ± 1.25 | 13.62 * | ||
Mean DSST | Intervention | 30.67 ± 3.10 | 37.08 ± 3.45 | 20.90 * | 0.02 |
Control | 29.62 ± 3.98 | 28.46 ± 3.96 | −3.92 |
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Jeong, M.-K.; Park, K.-W.; Ryu, J.-K.; Kim, G.-M.; Jung, H.-H.; Park, H. Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 6240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126240
Jeong M-K, Park K-W, Ryu J-K, Kim G-M, Jung H-H, Park H. Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(12):6240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126240
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeong, Min-Ki, Kyung-Won Park, Je-Kwang Ryu, Gwon-Min Kim, Hyun-Hun Jung, and Hyuntae Park. 2021. "Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12: 6240. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126240