Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Congestion Weeks in English Premier League Soccer Players: A Prospective Study for Two Consecutive Seasons
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Study Participants
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Study Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Multi-Match Week | Single-Match Week | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
95% CI | 95% CI | ||||||
Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p † | |
CK PREGAME (U/L) | 329.83 [199.58] | 303.00 | 356.66 | 313.04 [176.55] | 293.69 | 332.40 | 0.636 |
CK POSTGAME (U/L) | 663.25 [375.62] | 598.82 | 727.68 | 658.76 [319.44] | 610.39 | 707.12 | 0.539 |
WEIGHT (kg) | 80.06 [7.47] | 79.14 | 80.98 | 80.09 [7.47] | 79.35 | 80.83 | 0.991 |
LEAN MASS (kg) | 69.63 [67.76] | 68.87 | 70.39 | 69.76 [66.94] | 69.17 | 70.36 | 0.755 |
% FAT DEXA | 13.41 [1.51] | 13.24 | 13.58 | 13.33 [1.53] | 13.19 | 13.46 | 0.373 |
FATIGUE ‡ | 2.12 [0.83] | 2.02 | 2.22 | 2 [0.73] | 1.93 | 2.07 | 0.073 |
MUSCLE SORENESS ‡ | 2.15 [0.81] | 2.05 | 2.25 | 2.03 [0.7] | 1.96 | 2.10 | 0.067 |
STRESS ‡ | 2.15 [1.11] | 2.01 | 2.28 | 2.01 [1.04] | 1.91 | 2.11 | 0.125 |
SLEEP QUALITY ‡ | 2.16 [0.75] | 2.07 | 2.26 | 2.15 [0.79] | 2.07 | 2.22 | 0.574 |
SLEEP HOURS | 7.28 [1.02] | 7.15 | 7.40 | 7.39 [0.99] | 7.29 | 7.49 | 0.207 |
GPS (HSR) (m) | 716.43 [350.86] | 672.55 | 760.31 | 724.39 [436.75] | 681.02 | 767.76 | 0.451 |
DENSITY HSR (m/min) | 10.12 [5.78] | 9.39 | 10.84 | 10.31 [5.52] | 9.76 | 10.86 | 0.607 |
GPS TOTAL DISTANCE (m) | 8544.52 [3431.35] | 8115.36 | 8973.68 | 8154.28 [3323.48] | 7824.26 | 8484.30 | 0.041 * |
DTD (m/min) | 110.89 [11.61] | 109.44 | 112.35 | 108.91 [13.8] | 107.54 | 110.29 | 0.038 * |
>60 MINUTES PLAYED | <60 MINUTES PLAYED | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Multi-Match Week | Single-Match Week | Multi-Match Week | Single-Match Week | |||||||||||
95% CI | 95% CI | 95% CI | 95% CI | |||||||||||
Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | |
CK PREGAME (U/L) | 324.97 [191.4] | 293.98 | 355.97 | 279.9 [158.39] | 253.81 | 305.99 | 0.029 * | 372.51 [233.83] | 309.87 | 435.15 | 357.74 [197.96] | 308.89 | 406.58 | 0.713 |
CK POSTGAME (U/L) | 704.1 [380.84] | 642.48 | 765.72 | 685.65 [320.96] | 628.95 | 742.35 | 0.665 | 384.47 [163.88] | 260.040 | 508.902 | 556.66 [291.11] | 465.96 | 647.35 | 0.029 * |
WEIGHT (kg) | 79.51 [6.57] | 78.39 | 80.63 | 79.29 [6.72] | 78.36 | 80.21 | 0.761 | 80.48 [8.49] | 78.00 | 82.96 | 80.9 [8.78] | 78.92 | 82.89 | 0.790 |
LEAN MASS (kg) | 69.26 [64.47] | 68.32 | 70.21 | 69.42 [65.7] | 68.65 | 70.18 | 0.804 | 69.94 [7.01] | 68.10 | 71.78 | 70.13 [7.14] | 68.69 | 71.57 | 0.872 |
%FAT DEXA | 13.4 [1.43] | 13.19 | 13.61 | 13.33 [1.46] | 13.16 | 13.50 | 0.612 | 13.17 [1.41] | 12.76 | 13.58 | 13.11 [1.68] | 12.79 | 13.44 | 0.835 |
FATIGUE § | 2.22 [0.8] | 2.11 | 2.34 | 2.03 [0.69] | 1.94 | 2.13 | 0.015 * | 2.06 [0.89] | 1.84 | 2.29 | 1.95 [0.73] | 1.76 | 2.13 | 0.432 |
MUSCLE SORENESS § | 2.24 [0.81] | 2.13 | 2.36 | 2.08 [0.7] | 1.99 | 2.18 | 0.076 | 2.15 [0.8] | 1.95 | 2.34 | 2.01 [0.58] | 1.86 | 2.17 | 0.290 |
STRESS § | 2.14 [1.08] | 1.98 | 2.31 | 2.03 [1.13] | 1.90 | 2.17 | 0.330 | 2.1 [0.95] | 1.86 | 2.35 | 2.03 [0.79] | 1.83 | 2.22 | 0.625 |
SLEEP QUALITY § | 2.31 [0.71] | 2.19 | 2.43 | 2.24 [0.77] | 2.14 | 2.33 | 0.332 | 2.06 [0.7] | 1.85 | 2.28 | 2.09 [0.77] | 1.92 | 2.26 | 0.823 |
SLEEP HOURS | 7.19 [1.07] | 7.04 | 7.35 | 7.3 [0.91] | 7.17 | 7.43 | 0.282 | 7.29 [0.92] | 7.00 | 7.58 | 7.56 [1.06] | 7.33 | 7.79 | 0.151 |
GPS (HSR) (m) | 839.07 [283.06] | 792.82 | 885.31 | 868.34 [399.44] | 831.10 | 905.58 | 0.333 | 314.69 [231.08] | 259.30 | 370.08 | 301.58 [202.11] | 258.30 | 344.86 | 0.713 |
DENSITY HSR (m/min) | 9.05 [3.07] | 8.29 | 9.80 | 9.53 [4.49] | 8.92 | 10.13 | 0.331 | 13.6 [9.86] | 11.417 | 15.781 | 12.72 [7.39] | 11.019 | 14.42 | 0.534 |
GPS TOTAL DISTANCE (m) | 10,256.22 [1328.31] | 10,083.85 | 10,428.58 | 9911.16 [1245.2] | 9772.35 | 10,049.96 | 0.002 * | 2937.24 [1846.97] | 2480.11 | 3394.37 | 2936.72 [1708.45] | 2579.54 | 3293.90 | 0.999 |
DTD (m/min) | 109.97 [10.3] | 108.17 | 111.77 | 107.5 [11.53] | 106.05 | 108.952 | 0.036 * | 113.91 [14.84] | 109.431 | 118.387 | 113.26 [18.57] | 109.76 | 116.76 | 0.823 |
>60 MINUTES PLAYED | <60 MINUTES PLAYED | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Multi-Match Week | Single-Match Week | Multi-Match Week | Single-Match Week | ||||||||||||||||
95% CI | 95% CI | 95% CI | |||||||||||||||||
Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | p‡ | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | Mean [SD] | Lower | Upper | p† | p‡ | ||
CK PREGAME (U/L) | Defender | 337.21 [199.13] | 293.91 | 380.50 | 0.004 * | 311.48 [147.84] | 275.62 | 347.34 | 0.027 * | 0.369 | 347.73 [209.03] | 224.72 | 470.74 | 0.020 * | 303.46 [102.69] | 190.31 | 416.61 | 0.218 | 0.601 |
Midfielder | 295.17 [185.26] | 254.23 | 336.10 | 240.58 [134.97] | 206.46 | 274.70 | 0.045 * | 316.46 [210] | 233.18 | 399.74 | 341.38 [236.81] | 276.05 | 406.71 | 0.642 | |||||
Striker | 438.27 [143.76] | 338.00 | 538.55 | 372.68 [299.01] | 272.41 | 472.96 | 0.364 | 534.3 [260.48] | 405.29 | 663.31 | 418.82 [149.97] | 331.84 | 505.80 | 0.144 | |||||
CK POSTGAME (U/L) | Defender | 758.57 [441.35] | 666.34 | 850.80 | 0.005 * | 730.57 [342.7] | 647.29 | 813.85 | 0.046 * | 0.658 | 456 [167.04] | 213.24 | 698.76 | 0.114 | 301.33 [135.15] | 58.57 | 544.09 | 0.000 * | 0.369 |
Midfielder | 622.19 [263.61] | 529.96 | 714.42 | 600.3 [243.2] | 515.71 | 684.90 | 0.731 | 297.4 [134.05] | 164.43 | 430.37 | 464.63 [264.1] | 368.17 | 561.10 | 0.046 * | |||||
Striker | 849.6 [495.83] | 637.27 | 1061.93 | 958.78 [442.41] | 734.96 | 1182.59 | 0.486 | 548.5 [66.74] | 338.26 | 758.74 | 808.1 [196.17] | 675.13 | 941.07 | 0.041 * | |||||
WEIGHT (kg) | Defender | 81.07 [5.89] | 79.74 | 82.40 | <0.001 * | 81.12 [5.76] | 80.05 | 82.19 | <0.001 * | 0.956 | 83.01 [6.42] | 79.95 | 86.07 | <0.001 * | 83.29 [7.06] | 80.34 | 86.24 | <0.001 * | 0.897 |
Midfielder | 76.5 [5.13] | 75.24 | 77.76 | 75.93 [4.99] | 74.88 | 76.97 | 0.469 | 73.83 [4.89] | 71.48 | 76.18 | 74.2 [4.16] | 72.36 | 76.04 | 0.808 | |||||
Striker | 88.13 [6.72] | 85.21 | 91.05 | 89.76 [7.21] | 87.10 | 92.41 | 0.657 | 89.19 [5.41] | 86.13 | 92.25 | 89.22 [6.55] | 87.02 | 91.43 | 0.986 | |||||
LEAN MASS (kg) | Defender | 70.12 [52.99] | 69.04 | 71.20 | <0.001 * | 70.52 [53.17] | 69.66 | 71.38 | <0.001 * | 0.570 | 72.19 [56.08] | 69.65 | 74.74 | <0.001 * | 71.26 [58.72] | 69.07 | 73.44 | <0.001 * | 0.583 |
Midfielder | 65.91 [44.29] | 64.87 | 66.94 | 65.86 [43.45] | 65.03 | 66.69 | 0.951 | 64.87 [42.97] | 63.07 | 66.67 | 64.72 [42.89] | 63.27 | 66.17 | 0.894 | |||||
Striker | 78.97 [58.2] | 76.95 | 80.99 | 80.51 [52.96] | 78.77 | 82.24 | 0.258 | 76.84 [48.2] | 74.46 | 79.22 | 76.54 [48.88] | 74.88 | 78.20 | 0.837 | |||||
%FAT DEXA | Defender | 13.38 [1.36] | 13.07 | 13.69 | 0.538 | 13.04 [1.4] | 12.79 | 13.29 | <0.001 * | 0.091 * | 13.1 [1.48] | 12.26 | 13.94 | 0.830 | 13.48 [1.15] | 12.75 | 14.20 | 0.436 | 0.091 |
Midfielder | 13.34 [1.5] | 13.04 | 13.64 | 13.42 [1.47] | 13.18 | 13.66 | 0.691 | 13.09 [1.74] | 12.49 | 13.68 | 13.13 [2.14] | 12.65 | 13.61 | 0.691 | |||||
Striker | 13.71 [1.42] | 13.12 | 14.29 | 14.16 [1.3] | 13.65 | 14.66 | 0.253 | 13.38 [0.47] | 12.59 | 14.17 | 12.88 [1.18] | 12.33 | 13.43 | 0.253 | |||||
FATIGUE § | Defender | 2.13 [0.61] | 1.96 | 2.31 | 0.332 * | 2.11 [0.59] | 1.97 | 2.26 | 0.327 | 0.888 | 2.23 [0.83] | 1.80 | 2.66 | 0.440 | 1.71 [0.46] | 1.30 | 2.12 | 0.015 * | 0.086 |
Midfielder | 2.29 [0.95] | 2.13 | 2.46 | 1.96 [0.76] | 1.82 | 2.10 | 0.003 * | 1.91 [0.97] | 1.58 | 2.24 | 1.78 [0.72] | 1.52 | 2.03 | 0.533 | |||||
Striker | 2.36 [0.74] | 1.97 | 2.75 | 2.06 [0.74] | 1.71 | 2.41 | 0.264 | 2.15 [0.80] | 1.73 | 2.58 | 2.32 [0.74] | 2.01 | 2.63 | 0.532 | |||||
MUSCLE SORENESS § | Defender | 2.17 [0.76] | 2.00 | 2.35 | 0.501 * | 2.17 [0.64] | 2.03 | 2.32 | 0.284 | 0.983 | 2 [0.70] | 1.64 | 2.36 | 0.495 | 1.71 [0.46] | 1.36 | 2.06 | 0.029 * | 0.264 |
Midfielder | 2.32 [0.88] | 2.15 | 2.49 | 2.01 [0.74] | 1.87 | 2.15 | 0.006 * | 2.14 [0.94] | 1.86 | 2.42 | 1.94 [0.58] | 1.73 | 2.16 | 0.286 | |||||
Striker | 2.21 [0.69] | 1.82 | 2.61 | 2.06 [0.74] | 1.70 | 2.42 | 0.567 | 2.31 [0.63] | 1.94 | 2.67 | 2.28 [0.54] | 2.02 | 2.54 | 0.903 | |||||
STRESS § | Defender | 2.41 [1.12] | 2.15 | 2.66 | 0.014 * | 2.32 [1.221] | 2.11 | 2.53 | 0.001 * | 0.628 | 1.92 [1.03] | 1.46 | 2.39 | 0.347 | 2 [0.78] | 1.55 | 2.45 | 0.090 * | 0.813 |
Midfielder | 1.88 [1.05] | 1.63 | 2.13 | 1.76 [1.04] | 1.56 | 1.97 | 0.477 | 2.05 [1.04] | 1.69 | 2.40 | 1.83 [0.84] | 1.55 | 2.11 | 0.355 | |||||
Striker | 2.29 [0.72] | 1.71 | 2.86 | 2.06 [0.74] | 1.54 | 2.58 | 0.565 | 2.38 [0.65] | 1.92 | 2.85 | 2.32 [0.62] | 1.99 | 2.65 | 0.823 | |||||
SLEEP QUALITY § | Defender | 2.28 [0.56] | 2.10 | 2.45 | 0.785 * | 2.32 [0.68] | 2.18 | 2.47 | 0.118 | 0.677 | 2.15 [0.68] | 1.75 | 2.56 | 0.397 | 1.86 [0.36] | 1.47 | 2.24 | 0.036 * | 0.294 |
Midfielder | 2.36 [0.81] | 2.19 | 2.53 | 2.14 [0.82] | 2.00 | 2.28 | 0.047 * | 1.91 [0.68] | 1.60 | 2.22 | 1.97 [0.87] | 1.73 | 2.21 | 0.750 | |||||
Striker | 2.29 [0.82] | 1.89 | 2.68 | 2.41 [0.87] | 2.05 | 2.77 | 0.642 | 2.23 [0.72] | 1.83 | 2.63 | 2.4 [0.70] | 2.11 | 2.69 | 0.500 | |||||
SLEEP HOURS | Defender | 7.43 [0.75] | 7.21 | 7.66 | 0.016 * | 7.36 [0.81] | 7.18 | 7.55 | 0.030 * | 0.627 | 7.31 [0.75] | 6.78 | 7.84 | 0.234 | 8.07 [0.82] | 7.56 | 8.58 | 0.003 * | 0.042 * |
Midfielder | 7.05 [1.24] | 6.83 | 7.27 | 7.35 [0.93] | 7.16 | 7.53 | 0.045 * | 7.5 [0.67] | 7.09 | 7.91 | 7.72 [1.00] | 7.41 | 8.04 | 0.395 | |||||
Striker | 6.79 [1.25] | 6.28 | 7.29 | 6.71 [1.21] | 6.24 | 7.17 | 0.819 | 6.92 [1.32] | 6.39 | 7.45 | 7.04 [1.06] | 6.66 | 7.42 | 0.723 | |||||
GPS (HSR) (m) | Defender | 729.76 [261.54] | 655.17 | 804.36 | <0.001 * | 743.78 [372.68] | 684.34 | 803.22 | <0.001 * | 0.773 | 199.77 [180.91] | 91.06 | 308.47 | 0.003 * | 277.11 [174.58] | 183.80 | 370.42 | 0.214 | 0.288 |
Midfielder | 941.65 [280.86] | 870.12 | 1013.18 | 1006.62 [397.68] | 949.41 | 1063.83 | 0.164 | 411.68 [239.08] | 334.81 | 488.54 | 342.2 [225.77] | 280.18 | 404.23 | 0.167 | |||||
Striker | 831.24 [221.88] | 692.12 | 970.36 | 768 [316.79] | 648.17 | 887.83 | 0.499 | 245.52 [191.49] | 143.84 | 347.20 | 262.74 [178.39] | 191.94 | 333.54 | 0.784 | |||||
DENSITY HSR (m/min) | Defender | 8.51 [6.11] | 4.18 | 12.84 | 0.013 * | 12.77 [11.84] | 9.05 | 16.48 | 0.239 * | 0.143 | 7.6 [2.71] | 6.78 | 8.42 | <0.001 * | 7.91 [4.24] | 7.26 | 8.56 | <0.001 * | 0.562 |
Midfielder | 16.5 [10.55] | 13.44 | 19.56 | 14.11 [6.56] | 11.64 | 16.58 | 0.232 | 10.48 [2.96] | 9.70 | 11.26 | 11.25 [4.29] | 10.62 | 11.88 | 0.132 | |||||
Striker | 12.96 [9.81] | 8.91 | 17.01 | 10.88 [4.37] | 8.06 | 13.70 | 0.407 | 8.67 [2.17] | 7.15 | 10.19 | 8.55 [3.67] | 7.24 | 9.87 | 0.910 | |||||
GPS TOTAL DISTANCE (m) | Defender | 10,102.58 [974.54] | 9834.37 | 10,370.79 | <0.001 * | 9828.42 [723.99] | 9614.71 | 10,042.14 | <0.001 * | 0.117 | 2686.68 [1776.43] | 1780.47 | 3592.89 | 0.016 * | 3391.99 [1952.37] | 2614.11 | 4169.88 | 0.159 | 0.245 |
Midfielder | 10,592.38 [1545.06] | 10,335.18 | 10,849.57 | 10,233.59 [1482.91] | 10,027.88 | 10,439.30 | 0.033 * | 3574.72 [2049.72] | 2933.93 | 4215.51 | 3069.79 [1723.82] | 2552.71 | 3586.87 | 0.228 | |||||
Striker | 9519.08 [1146.78] | 9018.86 | 10,019.29 | 8832.93 [1144.97] | 8402.07 | 9263.80 | 0.042 * | 2040.89 [995.67] | 1193.20 | 2888.57 | 2501.2 [1478.93] | 1910.95 | 3091.45 | 0.380 | |||||
DTD (m/min) | Defender | 105.22 [6.86] | 103.23 | 107.21 | <0.001 * | 103.3 [7.52] | 101.72 | 104.89 | <0.001 * | 0.140 | 105.22 [6.86] | 103.23 | 107.21 | <0.001 * | 103.3 [7.52] | 101.72 | 104.89 | <0.001 * | 0.140 |
Midfielder | 117.17 [8.83] | 115.26 | 119.08 | 113.75 [11.95] | 112.23 | 115.28 | 0.006 | 117.17 [8.83] | 115.26 | 119.08 | 113.75 [11.95] | 112.23 | 115.28 | 0.006 * | |||||
Striker | 99.24 [5.47] | 95.53 | 102.95 | 97.11 [7.35] | 93.92 | 100.31 | 0.393 | 99.24 [5.47] | 95.53 | 102.95 | 97.11 [7.35] | 93.92 | 100.31 | 0.393 |
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García-Romero-Pérez, Á.; Ordonez, F.J.; Reyes-Gil, F.; Rodríguez-López, E.S.; Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, Á. Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Congestion Weeks in English Premier League Soccer Players: A Prospective Study for Two Consecutive Seasons. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 7960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157960
García-Romero-Pérez Á, Ordonez FJ, Reyes-Gil F, Rodríguez-López ES, Oliva-Pascual-Vaca Á. Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Congestion Weeks in English Premier League Soccer Players: A Prospective Study for Two Consecutive Seasons. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(15):7960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157960
Chicago/Turabian StyleGarcía-Romero-Pérez, Álvaro, Francisco Javier Ordonez, Fernando Reyes-Gil, Elena Sonsoles Rodríguez-López, and Ángel Oliva-Pascual-Vaca. 2021. "Muscle Damage Biomarkers in Congestion Weeks in English Premier League Soccer Players: A Prospective Study for Two Consecutive Seasons" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 7960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157960