A Cluster-Randomised Crossover Pilot Feasibility Study of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Occupational Sedentary Behaviour in Professional Male Employees
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
- Females
- Aged under 18 years
- Those with contraindications or limitations to physical activity as indicated by the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire [49]
- Those without a personal desk
- Those who planned to be absent from the workplace for more than two days in one week during the study period
- Those who were involved in another sedentary behaviour reduction programme or intervention.
2.2. Study Design and Procedures
2.3. Intervention Description of ‘Cycle at Work’
2.4. Primary Outcomes—Acceptability and Feasibility
2.5. Secondary Outcomes
2.5.1. Sedentary Behaviour, Standing, Physical Activity
- Total sedentary behaviour: waking hours
- Total sedentary behaviour: work hours
- Total physical activity: waking hours
- Total physical activity: work hours
- Pedalling time: work hours
2.5.2. Work Engagement
2.5.3. Anticipated/Perceived Intervention Benefits
2.6. Qualitative Analyses
2.7. Quantitative Analyses
2.8. Progression Criteria to Full cRCT
- Green—≥80% of participants achieved >60% of their pedalling goal
- Amber—60–79% of participants achieved >60% of their pedalling goal
- Red—<60% of participants achieved >60% of their pedalling goal.
- Green—≥80% participants provided main trial-related outcomes (SB/PA) at T2
- Amber—60–79% of participants provided main trial-related outcomes at T2
- Red—<60% of participants provided main trial-related outcomes at T2.
3. Results
3.1. Feasibility
3.2. Acceptability
3.3. Acceptability of Measures—Ecological Momentary Assessment
3.4. Acceptability, Appropriateness and Feasibility Questionnaire
3.5. Sedentary Behaviour, Standing and Physical Activity
3.6. Work Engagement
3.7. Anticipated and Perceived Intervention Benefits of the Intervention
3.8. Pedaling Activity and Adherence to the Protocol
3.9. Progression Criteria
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Worksite A | Worksite B | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Type of company | Online training | Legal firm | |
Location | Dublin suburb | Dublin city centre | |
Total participants | 8 | 14 | 22 |
Total no. managers | 1 | 7 | 8 |
Total no. of employees | 7 | 7 | 14 |
Mean age years (SD) | 44.4 (11.0) | 41.5 (11.0) | 42.9 (11.0) |
Hours worked per week (SD) | 41.1 (4.1) | 44.0 (10.5) | 42.6 (7.3) |
Workday sedentary behaviour min (n = 20) | 399.7 (36.8) | 406.7(141.1) | 403.6 (111.2) |
Total weekday sedentary behaviour | 630.7 (82.4) | 611.3 (115.4) | 619.9 (105.5) |
Total weekend sedentary behaviour | 560.3 (85.0) | 467.1 (81.7) | 508.6 (97.9) |
Workday physical activity | 37.6 (7.8) | 50.1 (12.7) | 45.1 (12.9) |
Total weekday physical activity | 79.9 (18.6) | 102.9 (21.3) | 93.7 (23.8) |
Total weekend physical activity | 122.2 (64.7) | 136.0 (38.3) | 130.5 (52.3) |
Workday standing | 73.4 (16.4) | 122.5 (89.7) | 102.9 (76.2) |
Weekday total standing | 171.6 (31.0) | 225.9 (115.02) | 204.2 (97.5) |
Weekend standing | 220.8 (64.7) | 241.8 (57.3) | 233.4 (62.8) |
Intervention Facilitator Themes | Quotes |
---|---|
Individual | |
(a) Knowledge, education, and awareness |
|
(b) Sense of enjoyment |
|
(c) Motivation to improve cardiovascular health |
|
(d) Domino effect |
|
Interpersonal | |
(a) Sense of togetherness |
|
(b) Observational learning |
|
(c) Social comparison |
|
(d) Opportunity for social interaction |
|
Environmental | |
(a) Privacy of under-desk pedalling |
|
(b) Musculoskeletal improvement |
|
(c) Use of pedal device as alternative |
|
(d) Complementation of work tasks while pedalling |
|
(e) Move bar prompted movement |
|
Organisational | |
No detrimental effect on productivity |
|
Intervention barriers | |
Individual | |
Time priorities |
|
Interpersonal | |
Social judgement |
|
Environmental | |
(a) Ergonomic set-up |
|
(b) Garmin watch manual- recording |
|
Intervention (I) n = 17 | Control (C) n = 19 | Difference C-I | |
---|---|---|---|
Workday SB minutes (SD) | 358.9 (96.6) | 379.3 (79.0) | −20.4 |
Total weekday SB | 588.8 (107.8) | 634.5 (102.5) | −45.7 |
Weekend sedentary behaviour | 498.9 (108.4) | 507.7 (106.4) | −8.9 |
Workday physical activity | 48.7 (13.8) | 48.5 (13.8) | 0.3 |
Total weekday PA | 103.2 (29.2) | 93.4 (24.3) | 9.9 |
Weekend physical activity | 124.0 (38.7) | 125.5 (36.1) | −1.5 |
Workday standing | 110.1 (72.1) | 95.7 (36.2) | 14.4 |
Total weekday standing | 219.7 (94.7) | 196.5 (52.0) | 23.2 |
Weekend standing | 239.4 (62.5) | 229.3 (58.7) | 10.1 |
Intervention | Control | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 21 | Mean (SD) | n = 19 | Mean (SD) | |
Work engagement (total) | 4.23 (0.8) | 4.33 (0.8) | ||
Vigour | 3.94 (1.1) | 4.16 (0.9) | ||
Dedication | 4.44 (0.8) | 4.49 (0.8) | ||
Absorption | 4.32 (0.8) | 4.35 (0.9) |
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Nicolson, G.H.; Hayes, C.B.; Darker, C.D. A Cluster-Randomised Crossover Pilot Feasibility Study of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Occupational Sedentary Behaviour in Professional Male Employees. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179292
Nicolson GH, Hayes CB, Darker CD. A Cluster-Randomised Crossover Pilot Feasibility Study of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Occupational Sedentary Behaviour in Professional Male Employees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(17):9292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179292
Chicago/Turabian StyleNicolson, Gail Helena, Catherine B. Hayes, and Catherine D. Darker. 2021. "A Cluster-Randomised Crossover Pilot Feasibility Study of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Occupational Sedentary Behaviour in Professional Male Employees" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17: 9292. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179292