Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Suicide Deaths by Jumping from a High Place in Korean Children and Adolescents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Database
2.2. Variables
2.3. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Suicide-Related Variables
3.2. Emotional and Behavioral Status
3.3. Variables Related to School Life
3.4. Variables Related to Health and Family Problems
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N (% of Total Subjects) | Suicide Attempt | Suicide Death | x2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interrupted or Aborted Suicide Attempt | Actual Suicide Attempt | N (% of Total SD) | |||
N (% of Total IASA) | N (% of Total ASA) | ||||
Sex | |||||
Girls | 250 (47.9) | 110 (52.4) | 31(62.0) | 131 (50.0) | |
Boys | 272 (52.1) | 100 (47.6) | 19 (38.0) | 131 (50.0) | 2.433 |
Educational stage | |||||
Elementary school | 44 (8.4) | 32 (15.2) | 3 (6.0) | 9 (3.4) | |
Middle school | 212 (40.6) | 105 (50.0) | 21 (42.0) | 86 (32.8) | 47.367 ** |
High school | 266 (51.0) | 73 (34.8) | 26 (52.0) | 167 (63.7) | |
Family structure | |||||
Both parents | 344 (69.1) | 127 (64.1) | 33 (66.0) | 184 (73.6) | 4.874 |
Single parents or others § | 154 (30.9) | 71 (35.9) | 17 (34.0) | 66 (26.4) | |
Socioeconomic status | |||||
Lower | 143 (32.1) | 81 (46.0) | 17 (39.5) | 55 (24.2) | |
Middle | 263 (59.0) | 90 (51.1) | 25 (58.1) | 148 (65.2) | 27.616 ** |
Upper | 30 (6.7) | 5 (2.8) | 1 (2.3) | 24 (10.6) | |
Place of suicide attempt or suicide §§ | |||||
Home | 270 (50.6) | 99 (44.4) | 21 (42.0) | 150 (57.5) | 69.854 ** |
School | 81 (15.2) | 65 (29.1) | 10 (20.0) | 6 (2.3) | |
Public places | 136 (25.5) | 43 (19.3) | 14 (28.0) | 79 (30.3) | |
Other | 47 (8.8) | 16 (7.2) | 5 (10.0) | 26 (10.0) | |
Suicide note (+) | 194 (40.2) | 64 (34.4) | 15 (34.9) | 115 (45.5) | 13.251 * |
Precipitant (+) | 256 (55.8) | 130 (67.0) | 28 (70.0) | 98 (43.6) | 26.829 ** |
Previous self-injury (+) | 129 (28.4) | 96 (50.8) | 14 (32.6) | 19 (8.5) | 90.409 ** |
Previous suicide attempt (+) | 128 (29.1) | 99 (54.7) | 15 (34.1) | 14 (6.5) | 112.275 ** |
Suicide Attempt | Suicide Death | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (% of Total Subjects) | Interrupted or Aborted Suicide Attempt(a) | Actual Suicide Attempt(b) | N (% of SD §) | x2 | ||
N (% of IASA) | N (% of ASA) | |||||
Depression | 237 (47.8) | 154 (75.1) | 29 (60.4) | 54 (22.2) | 128.111 * | |
Anxiety | 166 (33.5) | 121 (59.0) | 23 (47.9) | 22 (9.1) | 129.680 * | |
Impulsivity | 170 (34.3) | 126 (61.5) | 19 (39.6) | 25 (10.3) | 129.936 * | |
Social problems | 112 (22.6) | 83 (40.5) | 11 (22.9) | 18 (7.4) | 69.608 * | |
SDQ | Meanof total subjects (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | F | |
Prosocial behavior | 6.00 (3.64) | 4.26 (2.64) | 4.63 (2.46) | 8.12 (3.67) | 74.325 * | c > b, a |
Hyperactivity/inattention | 4.01 (2.64) | 4.81 (2.93) | 4.06 (2.36) | 3.19 (2.10) | 18.728 * | a > c |
Peer relationship problems | 3.38 (2.22) | 3.92 (2.39) | 3.15 (1.94) | 2.87 (1.97) | 10.989 * | a > c |
Emotional symptoms | 4.75 (2.99) | 5.33 (2.75) | 3.65 (2.39) | 4.42 (3.24) | 7.753 * | a > b |
Conduct problems | 2.87 (2.23) | 3.01 (2.38) | 2.72 (2.24) | 2.76 (2.07) | 0.640 | |
Total difficulties score | 3.75 (1.88) | 4.27 (1.81) | 3.40 (1.41) | 3.31 (1.88) | 13.506 * | a > b, c |
Suicide Attempt | Suicide Death | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (% of Total subjects) | Interrupted or Aborted Suicide Attempt | Actual Suicide Attempt | N (% of SD) | x2 | |
N (% of IASA) | N (% of SA) | ||||
School attendance | |||||
Good | 319 (63.8) | 110 (55.6) | 28 (58.3) | 181 (71.3) | 12.568 * |
Poor | 181 (36.2) | 88 (44.4) | 20 (41.7) | 73 (28.7) | |
Academic achievement | |||||
Above average | 97 (20.1) | 22 (11.7) | 7 (14.6) | 68 (27.6) | 21.804 ** |
Average | 183 (38.0) | 70 (37.2) | 19 (39.6) | 94 (38.2) | |
Below average | 202 (41.9) | 96 (51.1) | 22 (45.8) | 84 (34.1) | |
Friendship | |||||
Amicable | 348 (70.3) | 89 (46.6) | 33 (70.2) | 226 (87.9) | 89.694 ** |
Discord/isolation | 147 (29.7) | 102 (53.4) | 14 (29.8) | 31 (12.1) | |
Relationship with teachers | |||||
Amicable | 344 (84.3) | 144 (77.0) | 32 (74.7) | 168 (94.4) | 12.869 ** |
Discord | 64 (15.7) | 43 (23.0) | 11 (25.6) | 10 (5.6) | |
School bullying | |||||
Perpetrator | 18 (3.9) | 12 (6.3) | 1 (2.2) | 5 (2.1) | 5.333 |
Victim | 37 (7.9) | 34 (18.0) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (0.9) | 15.834 ** |
Suicide Attempt | Suicide Death | x2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interrupted or Aborted Suicide Attempt | Actual Suicide Attempt) | ||||
N (% of Total Subject) | N (% of IASA) | N (% of ASA) | N (% of SD) | ||
History of physical disease | 87 (18.8) | 43 (23.9) | 9 (20.0) | 35 (14.6) | 5.811 |
History of mental disease | 164 (38.2) | 98 (59.8) | 23 (51.1) | 43 (19.5) | 67.868 * |
Family-related problems | |||||
Conflict and violence | 222 (48.3) | 123 (64.7) | 23 (50.0) | 76 (33.9) | 24.220 * |
Economic problems | 79 (17.2) | 50 (26.3) | 7 (15.2) | 22 (9.8) | 19.800 * |
Mental disorder in the family | 38 (8.3) | 35 (18.4) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (0.9) | 44.176 * |
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Song, J.; Hong, S.-H.; Kim, J.; Chang, S.; Yook, K.-H.; Hong, H.J. Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Suicide Deaths by Jumping from a High Place in Korean Children and Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189513
Song J, Hong S-H, Kim J, Chang S, Yook K-H, Hong HJ. Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Suicide Deaths by Jumping from a High Place in Korean Children and Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(18):9513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189513
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong, Jungeun, Sung-Hee Hong, Joonbeom Kim, Seyeun Chang, Ki-Hwan Yook, and Hyun Ju Hong. 2021. "Comparison of Suicide Attempts and Suicide Deaths by Jumping from a High Place in Korean Children and Adolescents" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18: 9513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189513