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Volume 18
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10.3390/ijerph181910213
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Background:
Systematic Review

Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by
Elke Loots
1,*,
Eva Goossens
1,2,3,4,
Toke Vanwesemael
1,
Manuel Morrens
5,
Bart Van Rompaey
1 and
Tinne Dilles
1
1
Centre For Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC), Department of Nursing Science and Midwifery, Nurse and Pharmaceutical Care (NuPhaC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
2
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
3
Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), 1000 Brussels, Belgium
4
Department of Patient Care, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
5
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(19), 10213; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910213
Submission received: 20 July 2021 / Revised: 24 September 2021 / Accepted: 24 September 2021 / Published: 28 September 2021
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Abstract

Adherence to prescribed medication regimes improves outcomes for patients with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness among interventions to improve medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. Literature published in the last decade was searched for interventions studies to improve adherence in patients with schizophrenia or a bipolar disorder. Interventions were categorised on the basis of type, and the context and effectiveness of the interventions were described. Two review authors independently extracted and assessed data, following criteria outlined by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The GRADEPro (McMaster University, 2020, Ontario, Canada) was used for assessing the quality of the evidence. Twenty-three publications met the selection criteria. Different types of interventions aiming to improve adherence were tested: educational, behavioural, family-based, technological, or a combination of previous types. Meta-analysis could be performed for 10 interventions. When considered separately by subgroups on the basis of intervention type, no significant differences were found in adherence among interventions (p = 0.29; I2 = 19.9%). This review concluded that successful interventions used a combination of behavioural and educational approaches that seem easy to implement in daily practice.
Keywords: adherence; interventions; schizophrenia; bipolar disorders; compliance adherence; interventions; schizophrenia; bipolar disorders; compliance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Loots, E.; Goossens, E.; Vanwesemael, T.; Morrens, M.; Van Rompaey, B.; Dilles, T. Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 10213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910213

AMA Style

Loots E, Goossens E, Vanwesemael T, Morrens M, Van Rompaey B, Dilles T. Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(19):10213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910213

Chicago/Turabian Style

Loots, Elke, Eva Goossens, Toke Vanwesemael, Manuel Morrens, Bart Van Rompaey, and Tinne Dilles. 2021. "Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19: 10213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910213

APA Style

Loots, E., Goossens, E., Vanwesemael, T., Morrens, M., Van Rompaey, B., & Dilles, T. (2021). Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910213

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