Occlusal Splints and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Occlusal Splint Characteristics and Occlusion Experimental Conditions
4.2. Jump Performance
4.3. Maximal and Explosive Strength
4.4. Exercise Technique and Biomechanics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Inclusion Criteria |
---|---|
Participants | Physically active and/or trained individuals without TMJ dysfunctions |
Intervention | Application of occlusal splints in order to evaluate the impact on exercise performance |
Comparison | Any |
Outcome | Analysis of occlusal splints impact on exercise performance |
Year | Authors | Population | Intervention | Outcomes | OS Category | OS Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | Manfredi et al. [36] | 15 M élite basketball players | CMVJ; unilateral and bilateral stiffness jump | Performance tests: ~ns | Cus | LJ |
2012 | Duddy et al. [32] | 18 M rowers | 3-stroke maximum power test; 1-min ergometer tests; 1600-m run. | 3-stroke maximum power test: ↑ *; 1-min ergometer tests: ↑ ns; 1600-m run: ~ns. | Cus + Com | UJ |
2012 | Dunn-lewis et al. [33] | 26 M trained and 24 F trained | Sit-and-reach FLEX; medial-lateral balance; visual RT; VJ; 10-m sprint; bench throw; plyo press power quotient | Sit-and-reach FLEX: ↑ ns; medial-lateral balance: ~ns; visual RT: ↑ ns; VJ: ↑ ns; VJ RPD: ↑ * (M only); 10-m sprint: ↓ ns; bench throw: ↑ *; plyo press power quotient: ↑ *(M only) | Com | UJ |
2012 | Pae et al. [39] | 8 professional golfers | 10 drive swings and 10 putts | Driving distance: ↑ *; club head speed: ↑ * | Cus + Com | UJ |
2014 | Allen et al. [30] | 21 M physically active | CMVJ; 1RM bench press | CMVJ: ↓ ns; PF: ↑ ns;RTD: ↑ ns; 1RM: ↑ ns | Com | UJ |
2015 | Buscà et al. [18] | 28 M physically active | CMVJ; Handgrip PF; Isometric back-row PF | Handgrip PF: ↑ *; CMVJ: ↑ *; Isometric back-row PF: ↑ * | Cus | UJ |
2015 | Maurer et al. [15] | 20 M recreational runners | 3D kinematic analysis of running | Running symmetry: ↑ * | Cus | LJ |
2015 | Morales et al. [38] | 28 M physically active | Wingate test 30 s; Spirometry | Wingate test parameters: ↑ *; [La-]b: ↓ *; Vemax: ↑ * | Cus | UJ |
2016 | Drum et al. [31] | 10 M NCAA division II football players | RT; [La-]b; FLX; CMVJ; VJ; 1RM bench press. | RT: ↓ ns; [La-]b: ↑ ns; FLX: ↑ ns; CMVJ: ↓ ns; VJ: ↓ ns; 1RM bench press:↑ ns. | Cus + Com | UJ |
2016 | Fischer, Weber and Beneke [34] | 23 M physically active | Wingate test 30 s | Wingate test parameters: ~ns | Cus | UJ |
2018 | Battaglia et al. [5] | 25 M martial arts athletes | Handgrip PF | PF: ↑ * | Cus | LJ |
2018 | Dias et al. [22] | 13 M national level shooters | Shooting score | Shooting score: ↓ ns | Cus | UJ |
2018 | Maurer et al. [37] | 23 M recreational runners | VJ; CMVJ; DJ; trunk flexion and extension; leg press. | VJ: ↑ *; CMVJ: ↑ *; DJ: ↑ *; trunk flexion and extension: ↑ *; leg press: ↑ *; Leg press RFD: ↑ *. | Cus | LJ |
2019 | Dias et al. [4] | 14 M healthy subjects | Shoulder abduction/adduction and arm external/internal rotation isokinetic strength, (concentric 60°/s) | Abduction: ↑ *; Adduction: ↑ *; Internal rotation: ↑ *; External rotation: ↑ * | Cus | UJ |
2019 | Schulze et al. [40] | 13 M first league rugby players | Lungs function test; incremental treadmill test; 20 m and 40 m sprints; CMVJ | PEF: ↓ *; Performance parameters: ~ns | Cus + Com | UJ |
2020 | Carbonari et al. [23] | 18 well-trained subjects (11 M; 7 F) | VJ; CMVJ; Handgrip PF | Handgrip PF: ↑ *; VJ: ↑ *; CMVJ: ↑ * | Cus | LJ |
2020 | Haughey and Fine [35] | 15 M athletes (gaelic football, field hockey and boxing) | CMVJ; Seated medicine ball (9 kg) putt; seat-and-reach test; passive knee flexion; balance test. | CMVJ: ↑ *; Seated medicine ball (9 kg) putt: ↑ *; seat-and-reach test: ↑ *; passive knee flexion: ↑ *; balance test: ↑ *. | Cus | LJ |
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Cesanelli, L.; Cesaretti, G.; Ylaitė, B.; Iovane, A.; Bianco, A.; Messina, G. Occlusal Splints and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 10338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910338
Cesanelli L, Cesaretti G, Ylaitė B, Iovane A, Bianco A, Messina G. Occlusal Splints and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(19):10338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910338
Chicago/Turabian StyleCesanelli, Leonardo, Gianfranco Cesaretti, Berta Ylaitė, Angelo Iovane, Antonino Bianco, and Giuseppe Messina. 2021. "Occlusal Splints and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19: 10338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910338