An Integrated Management System for Noncommunicable Diseases Program Implementation in a Sub-Saharan Setting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Setting
2.3. Participants
2.4. The Integrated Management System
2.5. Outcome Measures
2.6. Data Collection
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients
3.2. Adherence to Follow-Up
3.3. Data Collection during Follow-Up Visits
4. Achievement of Treatment Target after Six Months of Follow-Up
Complications during Follow-Up
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Variable | All Patients | Hypertensive Patients | Diabetic Patients | Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of subjects | 542 | 403 | 67 | 72 |
Age, years a,b | 61 (53–69) | 62 (55–70) | 52 (44–60) | 61 (54–65) |
Males:females | 134:408 | 92:311 | 21:46 | 21:51 |
Personal insurance holders b | 190 (35.1) | 129 (32.1) | 27 (40.3) | 34 (47.2) |
Referred from district health centers b | 312 (57.7) | 249 (61.9) | 37 (55.2) | 26 (36.1) |
Job: | ||||
Peasant | 312 (57.6) | 253 (62.8) | 29 (43.3) | 30 (41.7) |
Employed | 70 (12.9) | 39 (9.7) | 15 (22.4) | 16 (22.2) |
Unemployed c | 16 (3.0) | 7 (1.7) | 6 (9.0) | 3 (4.2) |
Retired | 100 (18.4) | 77 (19.1) | 9 (13.4) | 14 (19.4) |
Other/no response | 44 (8.1) | 27 (6.7) | 8 (11.9) | 9 (12.5) |
Family history of hypertension b | 159 (29.4) | 125 (31.0) | 15 (22.7) | 19 (26.4) |
Family history of diabetes | 67 (12.4) | 30 (7.4) | 17 (25.4) | 20 (27.8) |
Regular daily alcohol consumption | 177 (32.7) | 144 (35.7) | 15 (22.4) | 18 (25.0) |
Regular daily smoking habits | 26 (4.8) | 22 (5.4) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (2.8) |
Sedentary lifestyle (>5 h spent seated daily) | 140 (25.8) | 100 (24.8) | 20 (29.9) | 20 (27.8) |
Prior heart attack | 7 (1.3) | 7 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Chronic heart failure | 59 (10.9) | 53 (13.1) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (8.3) |
Prior stroke | 38 (7.0) | 28 (6.9) | 2 (3.0) | 8 (11.1) |
Vision impairment | 25 (4.6) | 12 (3.0) | 7 (10.4) | 6 (8.3) |
Diabetic foot | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
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Miselli, M.A.; Cavallin, F.; Marwa, S.; Ndunguru, B.; Itambu, R.J.; Mutalemwa, K.; Rizzi, M.; Ciccarelli, G.; Conte, S.; Taddei, S.; et al. An Integrated Management System for Noncommunicable Diseases Program Implementation in a Sub-Saharan Setting. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111619
Miselli MA, Cavallin F, Marwa S, Ndunguru B, Itambu RJ, Mutalemwa K, Rizzi M, Ciccarelli G, Conte S, Taddei S, et al. An Integrated Management System for Noncommunicable Diseases Program Implementation in a Sub-Saharan Setting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(21):11619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111619
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiselli, Maria Agata, Francesco Cavallin, Samwel Marwa, Bruno Ndunguru, Rehema John Itambu, Katunzi Mutalemwa, Monica Rizzi, Giulia Ciccarelli, Simone Conte, Stefano Taddei, and et al. 2021. "An Integrated Management System for Noncommunicable Diseases Program Implementation in a Sub-Saharan Setting" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21: 11619. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111619