Effectiveness of Tele-Prescription of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Sampling and Randomization
2.4. Dependent Variables
2.5. Protocol of Intervention
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Description of the Sample
3.2. Analysis of Outcome Measures about Disability
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Exercise | Starting Position (sp) | Execution | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
straight-leg lift | Raise straight leg with knee in extension about 30 cm from the ground. Hold for 5” and slowly return to SP. Sets (S): 1/Repetitions (R): 5 | ||
supine knee extension (last 30°) | Lie on your back with a ball under your knee for support. Straighten your knee, keeping contact with the ball. Ankle must be at 90°. Hold for 5” and return to SP. S:1/R:10 | ||
supine knee extension against ball | Lie on your back, keeping your knee slightly flexed while you hold a ball against the wall. Press the ball. Hold for 5” and then relax. S:1/R:10 | ||
wall squat | Lean against the wall with your back. Bend your knees and slide down the wall until your knees are 30–45° flexed (according to pain tolerance). Hold this position for 2–3” and quickly return to the SP. S:3/R: 10 | ||
lateral step | Lower your non affected leg, sideways, down to the ground, slowly flexing the affected leg (no more than 45°). Back to SP doing full leg extension. S:1/R:10 | ||
standing knee extension with resistance band | Stand in front of a table, with a resistance band tied around your knee and the table leg. Straighten your knee until your heel reaches the floor. Hold for 5” and return to SP. S: 1/R:10 | ||
standing quadriceps stretch | Stand on one leg leaning on a wall. Bend your knee and hold your foot with your hand. Passively bring the heel toward your buttock until a stretch is achieved. Hold for 10–30”and release. S: 1/R: 5 | ||
standing hamstring stretch | Tilt the body forward preventing the knee from bending and keeping the lumbar spine straight. Hold it for 10–30”. S:1/R: 5 | ||
standing triceps surae stretch | Stand leaning into the wall, with the affected foot behind the non-affected one. Bend your elbows and the non-affected knee, keeping your affected knee straight and heel on the floor, until a stretch is achieved. Hold for 10–30”and the release. S: 1/R: 5 | ||
sitting iliotibial band stretch | Sit on the floor with the affected leg crossed over the other one. Turn your torso to the affected side while you pull your affected knee up towards the opposite shoulder, until a stretch is achieved. Hold for 10–30” and release. S: 1/R: 5 |
Total Sample (n = 54) | TPE Group (n = 27) | C Group (n = 27) | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age (years) | 51 (10.1) | 51 (11.0) | 51 (9.37) | 0.979 |
Height (cm) | 167 (11.0) | 169 (11.7) | 165 (10.0) | 0.176 |
Weight (kg) | 81 (16.8) | 82.8 (17.8) | 79.1 (15.8) | 0.411 |
Body Mass Index | 28.7 (4.8) | 28.6 (4.3) | 28.9 (5.4) | 0.827 |
LEFS (%) | 46 (12.4) | 45 (15.2) | 47 (8.9) | 0.530 |
KUJALA (%) | 49 (14.2) | 49 (14.9) | 50 (13.7) | 0.865 |
DN4 (0–10) | 3.8 (1.61) | 3.7 (1.2) | 3.8 (1.9) | 0.933 |
VAS (mm) | 61 (15.2) | 58 (12.1) | 63 (17.6) | 0.169 |
FLEXION (°) | 118 (12.3) | 117 (11.0) | 119 (13.5) | 0.548 |
Baseline | Post-Intervention | Within-Group Mean Changes | Between-Groups Mean Changes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
LEFS | ||||
Control TPE | 47 (8.9) 45 (15.2) | 50 (10.3) 60 (9.0) | 3 [1/5] 15 [9/19] ** | 10 [3/14] † |
KUJALA | ||||
Control TPE | 50 (13.7) 49 (14.9) | 53 (12.5) 69 (13.1) | 3 [1/5] * 20 [16/23] ** | 16 [8/22] †† |
DN4 | ||||
Control TPE | 3.8 (1.9) 3.8 (1.3) | 4 (1.9) 1.9 (1.1) | 0.2 [0.1/0.4] 1.9 [1.3/2.3] ** | 2.1 [1.1/2.9] †† |
VAS | ||||
Control TPE | 63 (17.6) 58 (12.1) | 63 (18.8) 48 (13.1) | 0 [−2/3] 10 [3.7/15] * | 15 [5/23] † |
FLEXION | ||||
Control TPE | 110 (16.2) 117 (11.0) | 111 (16.5) 126 (12.3) | 1 [−3/2] 9 [5/13] ** | 15 [4/24] † |
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Albornoz-Cabello, M.; Barrios-Quinta, C.J.; Barrios-Quinta, A.M.; Escobio-Prieto, I.; Cardero-Durán, M.d.l.A.; Espejo-Antunez, L. Effectiveness of Tele-Prescription of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 1048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031048
Albornoz-Cabello M, Barrios-Quinta CJ, Barrios-Quinta AM, Escobio-Prieto I, Cardero-Durán MdlA, Espejo-Antunez L. Effectiveness of Tele-Prescription of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(3):1048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031048
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlbornoz-Cabello, Manuel, Cristo J. Barrios-Quinta, Ana M. Barrios-Quinta, Isabel Escobio-Prieto, María de los Angeles Cardero-Durán, and Luis Espejo-Antunez. 2021. "Effectiveness of Tele-Prescription of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031048