Linkage Analysis between Finance and Environmental Protection Sectors in China: An Approach to Evaluating Green Finance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Green Finance
2.2. Industrial Linkage
3. Methods and Data
3.1. Methods: Linkage Analysis Based on the Input–Output Model
3.1.1. General Framework of the Input–Output Model
3.1.2. Linkage Measures
Measurement of Backward Linkage
Measurement of Forward Linkage
3.2. Data Sources
4. Results
4.1. Industrial Linkage Effects and Temporal Variations of the EPS
4.2. Industrial Linkage between the EPS and Finance Sectors
4.2.1. Backward Linkage Analysis
4.2.2. Forward Linkage Analysis
5. Discussion and Policy Implications
5.1. On the Support of the Finance Sector to the EPS
5.2. On the Development of the EPS
5.3. On the Development of Green Finance at the Provincial Level
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Sector | Dispersion Coefficient | 2002 | 2005 | 2007 | 2010 | 2012 | 2015 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Waste resource utilization | Power | 0.472 | 0.428 | 0.588 | 1.052 | 0.678 | 1.332 | 0.576 | 0.573 |
Sensitivity | 1.336 | 1.821 | 1.682 | 1.249 | 1.861 | 1.688 | 1.582 | 1.539 | |
Water production and supply | Power | 1.141 | 1.150 | 1.044 | 1.082 | 1.097 | 0.938 | 1.105 | 1.121 |
Sensitivity | 1.117 | 1.040 | 1.005 | 0.828 | 0.822 | 0.844 | 0.880 | 0.850 | |
EP service | Power | 1.141 | 1.150 | 1.044 | 1.082 | 1.097 | 0.938 | 1.105 | 1.121 |
Sensitivity | 0.739 | 0.649 | 0.582 | 0.606 | 0.531 | 0.550 | 0.611 | 0.659 |
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Industrial Linkage | Direct Linkages | Total Linkages | Normalized Linkages |
---|---|---|---|
Backward linkages | Equation (1) | Equation (2) | Equation (3) 1 |
Forward linkages | Equation (4) | Equation (5) | Equation (6) 2 |
Classification Value | Sensitivity of Dispersion < 1 | Sensitivity of Dispersion > 1 |
---|---|---|
Power of dispersion <1 | Generally independent (LL) | Dependent on inter-sectoral demand (LH) |
Power of dispersion >1 | Dependent on inter-sectoral supply (HL) | Generally dependent (HH) |
Sectors in the Original I–O Table | Sectors in the Established I–O Table | |
---|---|---|
42-Sector I–O Table | More Than 100-Sector I–O Table | |
Waste resource utilization (in the secondary industry) | Environmental protection sector (EPS) | |
Water production and supply (in the secondary industry) | ||
Water conservancy and environmental and public facility management (in the tertiary industry) 1 | Water conservancy management | |
Ecological protection and environmental management | ||
Public facility management | ||
Finance (in the tertiary industry) | Monetary finance service | Finance sector |
Capital market service | ||
Insurance service |
Industry | 2002 | 2005 | 2007 | 2010 | 2012 | 2015 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EPS | 0.885 | 0.892 | 0.802 | 1.087 | 0.931 | 1.124 | 0.897 | 0.876 |
Finance | 1.049 | 1.198 | 1.250 | 0.858 | 1.068 | 0.932 | 0.998 | 1.045 |
Primary | 0.840 | 0.832 | 0.750 | 0.722 | 0.809 | 0.708 | 0.855 | 0.873 |
Secondary | 1.168 | 1.003 | 0.988 | 1.087 | 1.079 | 1.086 | 1.061 | 1.035 |
Tertiary | 0.917 | 0.873 | 0.925 | 0.864 | 0.896 | 0.867 | 0.899 | 0.882 |
Industry | 2002 | 2005 | 2007 | 2010 | 2012 | 2015 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EPS | 1.049 | 1.198 | 1.250 | 0.858 | 1.068 | 0.932 | 0.998 | 1.045 |
Finance | 0.840 | 0.832 | 0.750 | 0.722 | 0.809 | 0.708 | 0.855 | 0.873 |
Primary | 1.168 | 1.003 | 0.988 | 1.087 | 1.079 | 1.086 | 1.061 | 1.035 |
Secondary | 0.917 | 0.873 | 0.925 | 0.864 | 0.896 | 0.867 | 0.899 | 0.882 |
Tertiary | 0.934 | 1.001 | 1.004 | 1.157 | 1.055 | 1.148 | 1.119 | 1.093 |
Province | Dispersion Coefficient | 2002 | 2007 | 2010 | 2012 | 2015 | 2017 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zhejiang | Power | 0.784 | 1.192 | 1.201 | 1.150 | 1.090 | 0.808 |
Sensitivity | 0.951 | 1.725 | 1.648 | 1.428 | 1.062 | 0.911 | |
Guangdong | Power | 0.916 | 0.855 | 1.168 | 1.152 | 1.155 | 0.854 |
Sensitivity | 0.918 | 1.282 | 1.398 | 1.574 | 1.356 | 1.017 |
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Li, L.; Wu, W.; Zhang, M.; Lin, L. Linkage Analysis between Finance and Environmental Protection Sectors in China: An Approach to Evaluating Green Finance. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052634
Li L, Wu W, Zhang M, Lin L. Linkage Analysis between Finance and Environmental Protection Sectors in China: An Approach to Evaluating Green Finance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(5):2634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052634
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Libo, Wenbing Wu, Mingyu Zhang, and Lu Lin. 2021. "Linkage Analysis between Finance and Environmental Protection Sectors in China: An Approach to Evaluating Green Finance" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052634