COVID-19 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers of a Large COVID-19 Hospital in Rome Reveals Strengths and Limits of Two Different Serological Tests
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants and Design
2.2. Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Blood Samples
2.3. Detection of COVID-19 Infection among Healthcare Workers
2.4. Sensitivity and Specificity of Serological Tests
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Participants’ Characteristics | N (%) |
---|---|
Age class * | |
<36 years | 1414 (30.38) |
36–45 years | 1127 (24.21) |
46–55 years | 1240 (26.64) |
>56 years | 874 (18.76) |
Sex | |
Males | 1655 (34.65) |
Females | 3122 (65.35) |
Professional category | |
Medical doctors | 829 (17.35) |
Nurses | 1481 (31.00) |
Medical residents | 552 (11.56) |
Other HCWs | 1059 (22.17) |
Administrative staff | 474 (9.92) |
External workers | 207 (4.33) |
Others/unclassified | 175 (3.66) |
COVID-19 care | |
Yes | 736 (15.41) |
No | 4041 (84.96) |
Total participants | 4777 (100) |
Participants with a Positive Result for Each Test (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Participants’ Characteristics | Venous Blood Test (%) | POC Test (%) | RT-PCR Test (%) |
Overall | 56 (1.19%) | 164 (3.66%) | 45 (0.85%) |
Age class | |||
<36 years | 16 (1.15%) | 4 (3.75%) | 16 (0.86%) |
36–45 years | 11 (1.62%) | 47 (3.57%) | 10 (0.91%) |
46–55 years | 8 (0.82%) | 28 (2.96%) * | 8 (0.62%) |
>56 years | 8 (1.40%) | 43 (4.98%) * | 10 (0.89%) |
Sex | |||
Males | 23 (0.01%) | 45 (0.02%) | 18 (0.01%) |
Females | 33 (0.01%) | 119 (0.04%) | 27 (0.01%) |
Professional category | |||
Medical doctors | 20 (2.43%) 1 | 30 (3.80%) 3 | 14 (1.34%) |
Nurses | 16 (1.10%) 2 | 59 (4.25%) 4 | 15 (0.77%) |
Medical residents | 4 (0.74%) 2 | 20 (3.74%) 3 | 6 (0.66%) |
Other HCWs | 11 (1.06%) 2 | 39 (3.93%) 1 | 9 (0.75%) |
Administrative staff | 2 (0.43%) 2 | 10 (2.21%) 6 | 0 (0.00%) |
External workers | 0 (0.00%) 2 | 1 (0.52%) 5 | 0 (0.00%) |
Others/unclassified | 3 (1.83%) 2 | 5 (3.82%) 3 | 1 (1.49%) |
COVID-19 care | |||
Yes | 10 (1.38%) | 33 (4.98%) * | 12 (1.10%) |
No | 46 (1.16%) | 131 (3.43%) | 33 (0.79%) |
Administrative Comparison Group | Total Participants Comparison Group | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower Limit | Upper Limit | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||
Venous blood test | ||||||
Sensitivity | 78.79% | 74.90% | 82.23% | 78.79% | 77.59% | 70.95% |
Specificity | 99.57% | 98.37% | 99.92% | 99.36% | 99.07% | 99.56% |
Negative predictive value | 98.53% | 96.92% | 99.34% | 99.85% | 99.68% | 99.93% |
Positive predictive value | 92.86% | 90.15% | 94.88% | 46.43% | 44.99% | 47.87% |
POC test | ||||||
Sensitivity | 63.64% | 59.11% | 67.94% | 63.64% | 62.21% | 65.04% |
Specificity | 97.79% | 95.91% | 98.85% | 96.64% | 96.06% | 97.13% |
Positive predictive value | 58.33% | 53.74% | 62.79% | 8.54% | 7.74% | 9.40% |
Negative predictive value | 98.23% | 96.46% | 99.15% | 99.81% | 99.63% | 99.92% |
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Vetrugno, G.; La Milia, D.I.; D’Ambrosio, F.; Di Pumpo, M.; Pastorino, R.; Boccia, S.; Ricci, R.; De-Giorgio, F.; Cicconi, M.; Foti, F.; et al. COVID-19 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers of a Large COVID-19 Hospital in Rome Reveals Strengths and Limits of Two Different Serological Tests. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2650. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052650
Vetrugno G, La Milia DI, D’Ambrosio F, Di Pumpo M, Pastorino R, Boccia S, Ricci R, De-Giorgio F, Cicconi M, Foti F, et al. COVID-19 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers of a Large COVID-19 Hospital in Rome Reveals Strengths and Limits of Two Different Serological Tests. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(5):2650. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052650
Chicago/Turabian StyleVetrugno, Giuseppe, Daniele Ignazio La Milia, Floriana D’Ambrosio, Marcello Di Pumpo, Roberta Pastorino, Stefania Boccia, Rosalba Ricci, Fabio De-Giorgio, Michela Cicconi, Federica Foti, and et al. 2021. "COVID-19 Seroprevalence among Healthcare Workers of a Large COVID-19 Hospital in Rome Reveals Strengths and Limits of Two Different Serological Tests" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2650. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052650