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Volume 18
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Article

Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites

by
Antonio José Carpio-de los Pinos
1,
María de las Nieves González-García
2,*,
Ligia Cristina Pentelhão
3 and
J. Santos Baptista
3
1
Department of Applied Mechanics and Project Engineering, School of Industrial and Aerospace Engineering of Toledo, University of Castilla La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
2
Departamento Construcciones Arquitectónicas y su Control, Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
3
Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics, LAETA (PROA), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(7), 3534; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073534
Submission received: 20 February 2021 / Revised: 18 March 2021 / Accepted: 24 March 2021 / Published: 29 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technical and Scientific Research on Occupational Health and Safety)
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Abstract

Risk assessment is a legal obligation for all companies in most countries worldwide. It aims to control the quality of working conditions and avoid externalizing the consequences of accidents and resulting costs to society. This work discusses the need for an adequate interpretation of the zero-risk concept from a technical-preventive perspective to assess occupational risks in construction sites. A critical analysis of several risk assessment methodologies was carried out, focusing on the evaluation criteria of little or no-risk situations. The verification of the results was made through a case study. The perception of health and safety risks by workers is very different from that of the evaluators. Often, when workers identify a situation as low-risk or even zero-risk, the evaluator assesses the same context as maximum risk. Given the workers’ and the evaluators’ responses, the Preventive Action Method establishes a new parameter, the Environment Congruence. This parameter is based on the perception of the preventive environment and gives more importance to the evaluators’ decision. When preventive action is optimal, the risk is low in all preventive observation settings. In conclusion, this study justifies the non-nullity of the risk and the difficulty of assessing zero-risk in construction sites. Therefore, evaluations with qualitative and quantitative non-risk approaches should be discarded.
Keywords: risk assessment; construction work; health and safety; zero-risk risk assessment; construction work; health and safety; zero-risk

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MDPI and ACS Style

Carpio-de los Pinos, A.J.; González-García, M.d.l.N.; Pentelhão, L.C.; Baptista, J.S. Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3534. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073534

AMA Style

Carpio-de los Pinos AJ, González-García MdlN, Pentelhão LC, Baptista JS. Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(7):3534. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073534

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carpio-de los Pinos, Antonio José, María de las Nieves González-García, Ligia Cristina Pentelhão, and J. Santos Baptista. 2021. "Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7: 3534. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073534

APA Style

Carpio-de los Pinos, A. J., González-García, M. d. l. N., Pentelhão, L. C., & Baptista, J. S. (2021). Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3534. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073534

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