Persistent Symptoms among Frontline Health Workers Post-Acute COVID-19 Infection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Participants
2.2. Research Setting
2.3. Survey Instrument
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics
3.2. Co-Morbidities
3.3. Clinical Manifestations and Management of Acute COVID-19 Infection
3.4. Clinical Symptoms Post-Acute COVID-19
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | |
---|---|---|
Age (median {IQR}) | 33.5 (30–44) | |
Sex | ||
Female | 47 | 75.8 |
Male | 15 | 24.2 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Age Groups | ||
23–33 | 31 | 50.0 |
34–44 | 17 | 27.4 |
45–55 | 9 | 14.5 |
≥56 | 5 | 8.1 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Ethnicity | ||
African | 54 | 87.1 |
Caucasian | 2 | 3.2 |
Coloured * | 6 | 9.7 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Smoking Status | ||
Current smoker | 4 | 6.4 |
Never smoker | 53 | 85.5 |
Past smoker | 8 | 8.1 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Alcohol Intake | ||
Daily | 2 | 3.2 |
Occasional | 24 | 38.7 |
Not at all | 36 | 58.1 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Recreational Drug Use | ||
Daily | 1 | 1.6 |
Occasional | 1 | 1.6 |
Not at all | 60 | 96.8 |
Missing | 0 | 0.0 |
Demographics | N | Long COVID-19 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No n (%), 47 (75.8) | Yes n (%), 15 (24.2) | |||
Median Age (IQR) | 33.5 (30–44) | 32 (29–43) | 40 (34–54) | |
Age Groups | 0.02 | |||
23–33 | 31 (50.0) | 28 (59.6) | 3 (20.0) | |
34–44 | 17 (27.4) | 11 (23.4) | 6 (40.0) | |
45–55 | 9 (14.5) | 6 (12.8) | 3 (20.0) | |
≥56 | 5 (8.1) | 2 (4.2) | 3 (20.0) | |
Sex | 0.48 | |||
Female | 47 (75.8) | 35 (74.5) | 12 (80.0) | |
Male | 15 (24.2) | 12 (25.5) | 3 (20.0) | |
Ethnicity | 0.47 | |||
African | 54 (87.1) | 42 (892.4) | 12 (80.0) | |
Caucasian | 2 (3.2) | 1 (2.1) | 1 (6.7) | |
Coloured | 6 (9.7) | 4 (8.5) | 2 (13.3) | |
Smoking Status | 0.09 | |||
Current smoker | 4 (6.4) | 4 (8.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
Never smoker | 53 (85.5) | 41 (87.2) | 12 (80.0) | |
Past smoker | 5 (8.1) | 2 (4.3) | 3 (20.0) | |
Alcohol Intake | 0.07 | |||
Daily | 2 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (13.3) | |
Occasional | 24 (38.7) | 20 (42.6) | 4 (26.7) | |
Not at all | 36 (58.1) | 27 (57.4) | 9 (60.0) | |
Recreational Drug Use | 0.06 | |||
Daily | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | |
Occasional | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.6) | |
Not at all | 60 (96.8) | 47 (100.0) | 13 (86.7) | |
Total | 62 | 47 | 15 |
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Wose Kinge, C.; Hanekom, S.; Lupton-Smith, A.; Akpan, F.; Mothibi, E.; Maotoe, T.; Lebatie, F.; Majuba, P.; Sanne, I.; Chasela, C. Persistent Symptoms among Frontline Health Workers Post-Acute COVID-19 Infection. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 5933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105933
Wose Kinge C, Hanekom S, Lupton-Smith A, Akpan F, Mothibi E, Maotoe T, Lebatie F, Majuba P, Sanne I, Chasela C. Persistent Symptoms among Frontline Health Workers Post-Acute COVID-19 Infection. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(10):5933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105933
Chicago/Turabian StyleWose Kinge, Constance, Susan Hanekom, Alison Lupton-Smith, Francis Akpan, Eula Mothibi, Thapelo Maotoe, Floyd Lebatie, Pappie Majuba, Ian Sanne, and Charles Chasela. 2022. "Persistent Symptoms among Frontline Health Workers Post-Acute COVID-19 Infection" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10: 5933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105933