The Health Cost of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does Health-Promoting Leadership Matter?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theory and Hypotheses
2.1. The Health Cost of OCB
2.1.1. OCB and Citizenship Fatigue
2.1.2. Citizenship Fatigue and Health Complaints
2.1.3. The Mediating Role of Citizenship Fatigue
2.2. The Moderating Role of Health-Promoting Leadership
3. Method
3.1. Participants and Procedure
3.2. Measures
3.3. Analytic Approach
4. Results
4.1. Results of Confirmatory Factor Analyses
4.2. Descriptive Statistics and Correlations
4.2.1. Testing Results of Main Effects
4.2.2. Mediating Role of Citizenship Fatigue
4.2.3. Moderating Effect
4.2.4. The Moderated Mediating Effect
5. Discussion
5.1. Theoretical Implication
5.2. Practical Implications
5.3. Limitations of the Current Study and Avenues for Future Research
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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χ2 | df | χ2/df | RMSEA | SRMR | TLI | CFI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypothetical model (OCB, CF, HC, HPL) | 128.36 | 48 | 2.67 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.92 | 0.94 |
Three-factor model (HC + HPL, OCB, CF) | 541.64 | 51 | 10.62 | 0.22 | 0.18 | 0.52 | 0.63 |
Two-factor model (OCB + HC + HPL, CF) | 504.71 | 53 | 9.52 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.58 | 0.66 |
Single-factor model (OCB + CF + HC + HPL) | 751.99 | 54 | 13.93 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.36 | 0.47 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Gender | 1 | ||||||||
2. Age | −0.10 | 1 | |||||||
3. Dyadic tenure | 0.02 | 0.37 *** | 1 | ||||||
4. Work hours per week | −0.23 ** | 0.08 | 0.12 | 1 | |||||
5. Negative emotions | 0.04 | −0.25 *** | −0.08 | 0.03 | (0.85) | ||||
6. OCB | −0.12 | −0.14 | −0.15 * | 0.09 | 0.03 | (0.96) | |||
7. Citizenship fatigue | −0.05 | −0.07 | 0.10 | −0.04 | 0.06 | 0.30 *** | (0.78) | ||
8. Health complaints | −0.05 | −0.36 *** | −0.19 ** | 0.07 | 0.31 *** | 0.39 *** | 0.32 *** | (0.93) | |
9. HPL | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.03 | −0.07 | 0.35 ** | −0.10 | −0.04 | −0.34 *** | (0.92) |
Means | 1.47 | 2.77 | 3.53 | 44.11 | 2.18 | 3.54 | 2.97 | 2.76 | 2.55 |
Standard deviations | 0.50 | 0.96 | 3.99 | 9.05 | 0.94 | 0.65 | 0.63 | 0.92 | 1.00 |
Variable | Citizenship Fatigue | Health Complaints | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | ||
Control variable | Gender | −0.02 | −0.06 | −0.08 | −0.06 | −0.05 |
Age | 0.03 | −0.17 | −0.25 | −0.17 | −0.11 | |
Dyadic tenure | −0.11 | 0.25 | −0.03 | 0.28 | 0.01 | |
Working hours per week | −0.008 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.01 | |
Negative emotions | 0.03 | 0.23 *** | 0.22 *** | 0.22 ** | 0.36 *** | |
Independent variable | OCB | 0.29 *** | 0.43 *** | 0.34 *** | 0.27 *** | |
Mediator | Citizenship fatigue | 0.44 *** | 0.30 *** | 0.22 ** | ||
Moderator | HPL | −0.36 *** | ||||
Interaction term | Citizenship fatigue * HPL | −0.26 ** | ||||
R2 | 0.10 *** | 0.32 *** | 0.29 *** | 0.36 *** | 0.54 *** | |
F | 3.59 | 15.43 | 13.44 | 16.01 | 27.23 |
Indirect Effect | Standard Error | 95% Confidence Interval | |
---|---|---|---|
Low HPL (−SD) | 0.14 | 0.04 | [0.07, 0.23] |
High HPL (+SD) | −0.01 | 0.04 | [−0.09, 0.06] |
Difference | −0.15 | 0.06 | [−0.29, −0.05] |
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Fu, B.; Peng, J.; Wang, T. The Health Cost of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does Health-Promoting Leadership Matter? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106343
Fu B, Peng J, Wang T. The Health Cost of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does Health-Promoting Leadership Matter? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(10):6343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106343
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu, Bo, Jian Peng, and Tao Wang. 2022. "The Health Cost of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Does Health-Promoting Leadership Matter?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10: 6343. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106343