The Effect of Chronic Immunosuppressive Regimens Treatment on Aortal Media Morphology and the Balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (mmp-2 and mmp-9) and Their Inhibitors in the Abdominal Aorta of Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Material
2.2. Morphological Studies
2.3. Morphometric Studies
2.4. The Morphoquantitative Assessment of the Area Occupied by Collagen Fibers in the Aortal Media
2.5. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Semi-Quantitative Assessment of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 Expression
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Morphological Characters of Rat Aortas
3.2. Morphometric Analysis
3.3. Assessment of the Area of Collagen Fibers in Aortal Media
3.4. Immunohistochemistry
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Strengths and Limitations of the Study
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control (n = 6) | TRG (n = 6) | CRG (n = 4) | MRG (n = 6) | CMG (n = 6) | TMG (n = 6) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Width of Tunica Media (µm) | ||||||
AM ± SD | 65.4 ± 3.09 | 79.83 ± 2.95 | 49.81 ± 3.34 | 75.71 ± 5.34 | 88.06 ± 2.87 | 123.81 ± 6.05 |
Median | 65.3 | 79.75 * | 50.3 *,T | 76.0 * | 88.15 *,T | 122.3 * |
Min–max | 61.6–70 | 74.3–84.0 | 44.7–53.6 | 69.7–88.1 | 83.5–93.0 | 117.1–133.6 |
Distance between elastic lamellae in Tunica Media (µm) | ||||||
AM ± SD | 9.26 ± 2.38 | 10.48 ± 2.82 | 9.62 ± 3.11 | 18.54 ± 24.41 | 10.2 ± 1.98 | 19.52 ± 5.41 |
Median | 9.75 | 10.65 | 8.65 | 14.6 * | 9.7 | 17.45 *,T |
Min–max | 3.3–14.6 | 4.8–14.8 | 2.6–19.1 | 5.9–143.0 | 6.6–13.7 | 11.5–39.0 |
Number of vascular smooth muscle cells nuclei in Tunica Media | ||||||
AM ± SD | 53.83 ± 4.53 | 72.33 ± 3.14 | 54 ± 7.48 | 39.66 ± 6.12 | 99.50 ± 10.05 | 138.66 ± 8.14 |
Median | 55.5 | 72.5 * | 55.0 T | 39.0 *,T,C | 98.50 *,T,C,M | 139.0 *,T,C,M |
Min–max | 46.0–58.0 | 68.0–77.0 | 44.0–62.0 | 32.0–50.0 | 89.0–111.0 | 128.0–151.0 |
Parameter/Group | Control (n = 24) | TRG (n = 24) | CRG (n = 16) | MRG (n = 24) | CMG (n = 24) | TMG (n = 24) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area of collagen fibers in tunica media of aorta (%) | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 43.3 ± 19.6 | 85.25 ± 4.8 | 70.0 ± 4.06 | 57.89 ± 11.81 | 66.81 ± 8.21 | 92.36 ± 6.21 |
Median | 45.56 | 86.24 * | 70.0 * | 58.3 T | 66.46 T | 94.02 *,C,M,∆ |
Min–Max | 10.62–74.65 | 73.3–92.21 | 61.84–5.32 | 27.07–73.97 | 55.58–85.46 | 76.06–97.97 |
Parameter/Group | Control (n = 24) | Tac—Based Protocols (TRG, TMG) (n = 48) | CsA—Based Protocols (CRG, CMG) (n = 40) | MMF—Based Protocols (MRG, CMG, TMG) (n = 72) | Rapa—Based Protocols (TRG, CRG, MRG) (n = 64) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area of collagen fibers in tunica media of aorta (%) | |||||
Mean ± SD | 43.31 ± 19.6 | 88.81 ± 6.56 | 68.08 ± 7.0 | 72.3 ± 17.2 | 71.18 ± 14.37 |
Median | 45.56 | 89.35 * | 67.28 *,T | 68.18 *,T | 71.75 *,T |
Min–Max | 10.62–74.61 | 73.3–97.97 | 55.58–85.46 | 27.07–97.97 | 26.47–92.21 |
Parameter/Group | Control (n = 24) | TRG | CRG | MRG | CMG (n = 24) | TMG | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 24) | (n = 16) | (n = 24) | (n = 24) | ||||
Area of MMP2 in tunica media of aorta (%) | Mean ± SD | 11.24 ± 4.64 | 8.3 ± 3.57 | 47.16 ± 21.04 | 3.29 ± 1.87 | 10.39 ± 6.42 | 7.94 ± 2.42 |
Median | 9.7 C,M | 8.83 C,M | 51.78 *,T,M,∆,^ | 3.21 *,T,C,∆,^ | 9.88 C,M | 7.48 C,M | |
Min–Max | 5.79–21.34 | 1.75–4.11 | 8.73–79.98 | 0.84–8.01 | 1.05–25,32 | 4.42–15.02 | |
Area of TIMP2 in tunica media of aorta (%) | Mean ± SD | 2.18 ± 1.09 | 7.19 ± 4.4 | 6.71 ± 5.84 | 13.01 ± 9.08 | 1.53 ± 1.02 | 11.75 ± 9.48 |
Median | 2.18 T,M,∆ | 6.83 *,T,C,∆,^ | 3.71 M,∆ | 11.72 *,C,^ | 1.34 *,T,C | 11.03 T,M | |
Min–Max | 4.4–16.19 | 0.00–0.33 | 2.22–1.84 | 0.02–0.61 | 0.12–4.76 | 1.12–14.22 | |
MMP2/TIMP2 | > | > | > | < | > | < | |
Area of MMP9 in tunica media of aorta (%) | Mean ± SD | 3.46 ± 2.74 | 6.57 ± 5.83 | 1.17 ± 0.7 | 7.16 ± 5.67 | 1.63 ± 1.57 | 20.79 ± 17.85 |
Median | 2.12 ^ | 3.18 C,∆,^ | 1.17 T,M,^ | 6.9 C,∆ | 1.23 T,M,^ | 18.94 *,T,C,∆ | |
Min–Max | 0.56–11.8 | 0.81–18.4 | 0.10–2.64 | 0.81–18.92 | 0.21–5.5 | 2.07–66.2 | |
Area of TIMP1 in tunica media of aorta (%) | Mean ± SD | 2.18 ± 1.09 | 7.19 ± 4.4 | 6.71 ± 5.84 | 13.01 ± 9.08 | 1.53 ± 1.02 | 11.75 ± 9.48 |
Median | 2.18 T,M,^ | 6.83 *,∆ | 3.71 ∆ | 11.72 *,∆ | 1.34 T,C,M,^ | 11.03 *,∆ | |
Min–Max | 0.53–4.54 | 0.41–3.42 | 2.16–0.98 | 2.23–0.28 | 0.16–4.39 | 0.72–31.58 | |
MMP9/TIMP1 | = | < | < | < | = | > |
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Surówka, A.; Szumilas, K.; Wilk, A.; Misiakiewicz-Has, K.; Ciechanowski, K.; Kędzierska-Kapuza, K. The Effect of Chronic Immunosuppressive Regimens Treatment on Aortal Media Morphology and the Balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (mmp-2 and mmp-9) and Their Inhibitors in the Abdominal Aorta of Rats. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6399. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116399
Surówka A, Szumilas K, Wilk A, Misiakiewicz-Has K, Ciechanowski K, Kędzierska-Kapuza K. The Effect of Chronic Immunosuppressive Regimens Treatment on Aortal Media Morphology and the Balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (mmp-2 and mmp-9) and Their Inhibitors in the Abdominal Aorta of Rats. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6399. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116399
Chicago/Turabian StyleSurówka, Anna, Kamila Szumilas, Aleksandra Wilk, Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has, Kazimierz Ciechanowski, and Karolina Kędzierska-Kapuza. 2022. "The Effect of Chronic Immunosuppressive Regimens Treatment on Aortal Media Morphology and the Balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (mmp-2 and mmp-9) and Their Inhibitors in the Abdominal Aorta of Rats" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6399. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116399