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Article

Optic Flow Speed and Retinal Stimulation Influence Microsaccades

by
Milena Raffi
1,*,
Aurelio Trofè
2,
Andrea Meoni
1,
Luca Gallelli
3,4 and
Alessandro Piras
1
1
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
2
Department of Quality of Life, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
3
Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
4
Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6765; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116765
Submission received: 3 May 2022 / Revised: 28 May 2022 / Accepted: 29 May 2022 / Published: 1 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue How Visual and Spatial Orientation Contribute to the Control of Postural Balance in Public Health)
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Abstract

Microsaccades are linked with extraretinal mechanisms that significantly alter spatial perception before the onset of eye movements. We sought to investigate whether microsaccadic activity is modulated by the speed of radial optic flow stimuli. Experiments were performed in the dark on 19 subjects who stood in front of a screen covering 135 × 107° of the visual field. Subjects were instructed to fixate on a central fixation point while optic flow stimuli were presented in full field, in the foveal, and in the peripheral visual field at different dot speeds (8, 11, 14, 17, and 20°/s). Fixation in the dark was used as a control stimulus. For almost all tested speeds, the stimulation of the peripheral retina evoked the highest microsaccade rate. We also found combined effects of optic flow speed and the stimulated retinal region (foveal, peripheral, and full field) for microsaccade latency. These results show that optic flow speed modulates microsaccadic activity when presented in specific retinal portions, suggesting that eye movement generation is strictly dependent on the stimulated retinal regions.
Keywords: self-motion perception; visual perception; visual processing; eye position; eye movements; sensorimotor control; attention; visual system self-motion perception; visual perception; visual processing; eye position; eye movements; sensorimotor control; attention; visual system

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MDPI and ACS Style

Raffi, M.; Trofè, A.; Meoni, A.; Gallelli, L.; Piras, A. Optic Flow Speed and Retinal Stimulation Influence Microsaccades. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116765

AMA Style

Raffi M, Trofè A, Meoni A, Gallelli L, Piras A. Optic Flow Speed and Retinal Stimulation Influence Microsaccades. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116765

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raffi, Milena, Aurelio Trofè, Andrea Meoni, Luca Gallelli, and Alessandro Piras. 2022. "Optic Flow Speed and Retinal Stimulation Influence Microsaccades" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116765

APA Style

Raffi, M., Trofè, A., Meoni, A., Gallelli, L., & Piras, A. (2022). Optic Flow Speed and Retinal Stimulation Influence Microsaccades. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116765

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