Transfer of Metals to the Aerosol Generated by an Electronic Cigarette: Influence of Number of Puffs and Power
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Electronic Cigarette
2.2. Apparatus
3. Results
3.1. Influence of Number of Puffs
3.2. Influence of Power
3.3. Aerosol/Tank Ratio
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Cr | Chromium |
Ni | Nickel |
Cu | Copper |
Pb | Lead |
GFAAS | Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer |
HEPA | High-Efficiency Particulate Air |
LOD | Limit of Detection |
LOQ | Limit of Quantitation |
Appendix A
Appendix A.1. Instrument Parameters and Control Experiments
Appendix A.2. Measurement Quality Control and Repeatability
Appendix A.3. Limits of Detection and Quantitation
Element | Instrument LOD () | Instrument LOQ () | Dilution Factor | Aerosol or Tank Sample LOD () | Aerosol or Tank Sample LOQ () |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cr | 0.4 | 1 | 2 | 0.9 | 3 |
Ni | 1 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 30 |
Cu | 0.3 | 0.9 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 |
Pb | 0.9 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
Appendix A.4. Metal Concentrations in Unfired E-Liquid
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Element | Location | Power (W) | R | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cr | Aerosol | 50 | |||
Cr | Aerosol | 60 | |||
Cr | Aerosol | 70 | |||
Cr | Aerosol | 75 | 0.9569 | ||
Cr | Tank | 50 | 0.9879 | ||
Cr | Tank | 60 | 0.9345 | ||
Cr | Tank | 70 | 0.9640 | ||
Cr | Tank | 75 | 0.9957 | ||
Ni | Aerosol | 50 | 0.9881 | ||
Ni | Aerosol | 60 | 0.9951 | ||
Ni | Aerosol | 70 | 0.7683 | ||
Ni | Aerosol | 75 | 0.9966 | ||
Ni | Tank | 50 | 0.8535 | ||
Ni | Tank | 60 | 0.9651 | ||
Ni | Tank | 70 | 0.9709 | ||
Ni | Tank | 75 | 0.9721 | ||
Cu | Aerosol | 50 | 0.9594 | ||
Cu | Aerosol | 60 | 0.9960 | ||
Cu | Aerosol | 70 | 0.9119 | ||
Cu | Aerosol | 75 | 0.9870 | ||
Cu | Tank | 50 | 0.9424 | ||
Cu | Tank | 60 | 0.9824 | ||
Cu | Tank | 70 | 0.9863 | ||
Cu | Tank | 75 | 0.9520 | ||
Pb | Aerosol | 50 | 0.9828 | ||
Pb | Aerosol | 60 | 0.9867 | ||
Pb | Aerosol | 70 | 0.9288 | ||
Pb | Aerosol | 75 | 0.9612 | ||
Pb | Tank | 50 | 0.9901 | ||
Pb | Tank | 60 | 0.9122 | ||
Pb | Tank | 70 | 0.9663 | ||
Pb | Tank | 75 | 0.9206 |
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Rastian, B.; Wilbur, C.; Curtis, D.B. Transfer of Metals to the Aerosol Generated by an Electronic Cigarette: Influence of Number of Puffs and Power. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159334
Rastian B, Wilbur C, Curtis DB. Transfer of Metals to the Aerosol Generated by an Electronic Cigarette: Influence of Number of Puffs and Power. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15):9334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159334
Chicago/Turabian StyleRastian, Brian, Chase Wilbur, and Daniel B. Curtis. 2022. "Transfer of Metals to the Aerosol Generated by an Electronic Cigarette: Influence of Number of Puffs and Power" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15: 9334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159334