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Article

Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure

by
Eun Young Lee
1,
Min Kyun Sohn
2,
Jong Min Lee
3,
Deog Young Kim
4,
Yong Il Shin
5,
Gyung Jae Oh
6,
Yang Soo Lee
7,
So Young Lee
8,
Min Keun Song
9,
Jun Hee Han
10,
Jeong Hoon Ahn
11,
Young Hoon Lee
7,
Won Hyuk Chang
12,
Soo Mi Choi
13,
Seon Kui Lee
13,
Min Cheol Joo
14,* and
Yun Hee Kim
12,15,*
1
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Brain Science Research, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
2
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
3
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
4
Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
5
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
6
Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
7
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41566, Korea
8
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 63241, Korea
9
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chunnam National University Medical School, Kwangju 61469, Korea
10
Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
11
Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
12
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
13
Division of Chronic Disease Prevention, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease, Cheongju 28159, Korea
14
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
15
Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
 
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*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9612; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159612
Submission received: 26 April 2022 / Revised: 25 July 2022 / Accepted: 31 July 2022 / Published: 4 August 2022
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Abstract

This study investigated the long-term functional changes in patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke. In addition, we investigated whether there was a difference between the modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) according to severity. To evaluate the changes in the long-term functional independence of the subjects, six evaluations were conducted over 2 years, and the evaluation was performed using MBI and FIM. A total of 798 participants participated in this study, of which 673 were classified as moderate and 125 as severe. During the first 3 months, the moderate group showed greater recovery than the severe group. The period of significant change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was up to 6 months after onset in the moderate group, and up to 3 months after onset in the severe group. In the severe group, MBI evaluation showed significant changes up to 6 months after onset, whereas FIM showed significant changes up to 18–24 months. Our results showed that functional recovery of patients with ischemic stroke in the 3 months after onset was greater in the moderate group than in the severe group. FIM is more appropriate than MBI for evaluating the functional status of patients with severe stroke.
Keywords: functional independence measure; independence; modified Barthel Index; severity; stroke functional independence measure; independence; modified Barthel Index; severity; stroke

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lee, E.Y.; Sohn, M.K.; Lee, J.M.; Kim, D.Y.; Shin, Y.I.; Oh, G.J.; Lee, Y.S.; Lee, S.Y.; Song, M.K.; Han, J.H.; et al. Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159612

AMA Style

Lee EY, Sohn MK, Lee JM, Kim DY, Shin YI, Oh GJ, Lee YS, Lee SY, Song MK, Han JH, et al. Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15):9612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159612

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lee, Eun Young, Min Kyun Sohn, Jong Min Lee, Deog Young Kim, Yong Il Shin, Gyung Jae Oh, Yang Soo Lee, So Young Lee, Min Keun Song, Jun Hee Han, and et al. 2022. "Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15: 9612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159612

APA Style

Lee, E. Y., Sohn, M. K., Lee, J. M., Kim, D. Y., Shin, Y. I., Oh, G. J., Lee, Y. S., Lee, S. Y., Song, M. K., Han, J. H., Ahn, J. H., Lee, Y. H., Chang, W. H., Choi, S. M., Lee, S. K., Joo, M. C., & Kim, Y. H. (2022). Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 9612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159612

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