The Physical and Mental Well-Being of Medical Doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Characteristics of the Study Group
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
2.3. Research Tool
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Health Care | Total N = 701 (100%) | 25–50 N = 492 (100%) | 50–80 N = 209 (100%) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GP control visits n (%) | no | 52 (7.4) | 35 (7.1) | 17 (8.1) | <0.001 |
I do not remember | 419 (59.8) | 316 (64.2) | 103 (49.3) | ||
yes | 230 (32.8) | 141 (28.7) | 89 (42.6) | ||
GP doctor—last visit (years) | X ± S M (IQR) | 2.3 ± 1.8 2.0 (2.0) | 2.6 ± 2.0 2.0 (2.0) | 1.9 ± 1.5 1.0 (1.0) | <0.01 |
Specialist control visits n (%) | never | 315 (44.9) | 285 (58.0) | 30 (14.3) | <0.0001 |
I do not remember | 26 (3.7) | 19 (3.9) | 7 (3.4) | ||
yes | 360 (51.4) | 188 (38.3) | 172 (82.3) | ||
Specialist—last visit (years) | X ± S M (IQR) | 2.1 ± 1.8 2.0 (1.0) | 2.4 ± 1.9 2.0 (2.0) | 1.8 ± 1.6 1.0 (1.0) | <0.0001 |
Dentist n (%) | 697 (99.4) | 490 (99.6) | 207 (99.0) | 0.74 | |
Dentist—last visit (years) | X ± S M (IQR) | 1.8 ± 1.0 2.0 (1.0) | 1.7 ± 0.8 2.0 (1.0) | 2.0 ± 1.3 2.0 (1.0) | 0.04 |
Gynecologist—Nw = 336/243/93 (100%) n (%) | 323 (96.1) | 231 (95.1) | 92 (98.9) | 0.18 | |
Gynecologist—last visit (years) | X ± S M (IQR) | 2.1 ± 1.5 2.0 (2.0) | 2.1 ± 1.3 2.0 (2.0) | 2.3 ± 1.8 2.0 (2.0) | 0.68 |
Urologist—NM = 365/249/115 (100%) n (%) | 63 (17.3) | 22 (8.8) | 41 (35.7) | <0.0001 | |
Urologist—last visit (years) | X ± S M (IQR) | 2.6 ± 1.7 2.0 (1.0) | 2.4 ± 1.3 2.0 (1.0) | 2.7 ± 1.9 2.0 (1.0) | 0.59 |
Glasses/lenses n (%) | 498 (71) | 320 (65) | 178 (85.2) | <0.0001 | |
Blood pressure control n (%) | I do not remember | 16 (2.3) | 14 (2.6) | 2 (1.0) | <0.0001 |
a few years ago | 8 (1.1) | 7 (1.4) | 1 (0.5) | ||
1–2 years ago | 49 (7.0) | 48 (9.8) | 1 (0.5) | ||
several times a year | 290 (41.4) | 267 (54.3) | 23 (11.0) | ||
several times a month | 253 (36.1) | 133 (27.2) | 120 (57.4) | ||
a few times a week | 71 (10.1) | 21 (4.3) | 50 (23.9) | ||
every day | 14 (2.0) | 2 (0.4) | 12 (5.7) | ||
Glucose control n (%) | never | 5 (0.7) | 5 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.0001 |
I do not remember | 18 (2.6) | 15 (3.0) | 3 (1.4) | ||
a few years ago | 113 (16.1) | 106 (21.5) | 7 (3.3) | ||
1–2 years ago | 302 (43.1) | 240 (48.8) | 62 (29.7) | ||
in the last year | 263 (37.5) | 126 (25.6) | 137 (65.6) | ||
Lipid control n (%) | never | 16 (2.3) | 15 (3.0) | 1 (0.6) | <0.0001 |
I do not remember | 26 (3.7) | 23 (4.7) | 3 (1.4) | ||
a few years ago | 104 (14.8) | 101 (20.5) | 3 (1.4) | ||
1–2 years ago | 292 (41.7) | 222 (45.1) | 70 (33.4) | ||
in the last year | 263 (37.5) | 131 (26.6) | 132 (63.2) | ||
Densitometry n (%) | 104 (14.8) | 18 (3.7) | 49 (23.4) | <0.0001 | |
Sick leave n (%) | 596 (85.0) | 394 (80.1) | 202 (96.7) | <0.0001 | |
Sick leave (number of days in the year) | X ± S M (IQR) | 16.7 ± 24.1 10.0 (10.0) | 13.0 ± 20.4 7.0 (9.0) | 23.9 ± 28.7 14.0 (20.0) | <0.0001 |
Sick leave—term n (%) | never | 104 (14.8) | 97 (19.8) | 7 (3.3) | <0.0001 |
over 5 years ago | 98 (14.0) | 69 (14.1) | 29 (13.9) | ||
3–5 years ago | 152 (21.7) | 121 (24.6) | 31 (14.8) | ||
1–2 years ago | 195 (27.8) | 135 (27.5) | 60 (28.7) | ||
in the last year | 151 (21.5) | 69 (14.1) | 82 (39.2) |
Anthropometric Data/ Social/ Economic: Reference Group | HADS-A | HADS-D | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | ||||||||
OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | ||
Age: 25–50 years old | 50–80 age group | 4.98 [3.47–7.16] | <0.0001 | - | - | - | - | 6.32 [4.22–9.47] | <0.0001 | - | - | - | - |
Sex: women | men | 0.76 [0.54–1.07] | 0.11 | 0.54 [0.33–0.89] | 0.02 | 0.88 [0.51–1.52] | 0.65 | 1.38 [0.94–2.02] | 0.10 | 1.02 [0.56–1.84] | 0.95 | 1.66 [0.95–2.91] | 0.08 |
BMI: norm | underweight | 1.10 [0.12–10.11] | 0.93 | 1.90 [0.20–17.86] | 0.57 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
overweight | 1.68 [1.13–2.52] | 0.01 | 1.63 [0.95–2.83] | 0.08 | 0.74 [0.36–1.56] | 0.44 | 2.63 [1.59–4.36] | <0.001 | 3.74 [1.63–8.58] | <0.01 | 0.98 [0.46–2.08] | 0.95 | |
obesity | 3.30 [1.70–6.40] | <0.001 | 3.56 [1.30–9.72] | 0.01 | 0.91 [0.33–2.48] | 0.85 | 5.88 [2.83–12.20] | <0.0001 | 7.31 [2.09–25.54] | <0.01 | 1.62 [0.59–4.45] | 0.35 | |
Family status: free status | in relation with partner | 0.69 [0.29–1.66] | 0.41 | 0.72 [0.28–1.85] | 0.08 | 0.22 [0.02–2.97] | 0.26 | 1.97 [0.77–5.04] | 0.16 | 2.49 [0.89–7.01] | 0.08 | 0.22 [0.02–2.97] | 0.26 |
married | 2.64 [1.66–4.20] | <0.0001 | 1.48 [0.86–2.56] | 0.59 | 1.25 [0.27–5.77] | 0.78 | 4.57 [2.43–8.60] | <0.0001 | 2.76 [1.27–6.01] | 0.01 | 0.88 [0.19–4.09] | 0.87 | |
divorced | 4.34 [2.17–8.70] | <0.0001 | 2.93 [1.15–7.47] | 0.02 | 1.58 [0.29–8.61] | 0.60 | 6.32 [2.73–14.66] | <0.0001 | 4.58 [1.40–14.94] | 0.01 | 0.95 [0.17–5.23] | 0.96 | |
widowed | 9.43 [3.36–26.45] | <0.0001 | - | - | 2.10 [0.36–12.32] | 0.41 | 23.18 [7.61–70.58] | <0.0001 | - | - | 2.10 [0.36–12.32] | 0.41 | |
Children: no | yes | 1.83 [0.82–4.09] | 0.14 | 1.88 [1.14–3.11] | 0.01 | 0.82 [0.29–2.36] | 0.72 | 4.02 [2.43–6.66] | <0.0001 | 2.86 [1.48–5.54] | <0.01 | 0.79 [0.27–2.25] | 0.65 |
Partner working in the medical profession: no | yes | 1.22 [0.82–1.81] | 0.33 | 1.15 [0.63–2.10] | 0.65 | 1.20 [0.67–2.16] | 0.54 | 1.19 [0.78–1.82] | 0.43 | 1.31 [0.66–2.62] | 0.44 | 1.03 [0.56–1.86] | 0.93 |
Subjective assessment of economic status: bad | medium | 0.58 [0.29–1.16] | 0.12 | 0.45 [0.19–1.04] | 0.06 | 0.20 [0.02–1.69] | 0.14 | 0.69 [0.33–1.44] | 0.32 | 0.50 [0.19–1.3] | 0.16 | 0.35 [0.07–1.88] | 0.22 |
good | 0.28 [0.12–0.64] | <0.01 | 0.29 [0.10–0.84] | 0.02 | 0.05 [0.01–0.50] | 0.01 | 0.24 [0.09–0.62] | <0.01 | 0.11 [0.02–0.60] | 0.01 | 0.10 [0.02–0.60] | 0.01 | |
no opinion | 0.34 [0.14–0.80] | 0.01 | 0.41 [0.15–1.14] | 0.09 | 0.22 [0.02–2.97] | 0.26 | 0.26 [0.10–0.72] | 0.01 | 0.36 [0.11–1.22] | 0.10 | 0.16 [0.02–1.63] | 0.12 | |
Place of residence: flat | house | 2.64 [1.86–3.74] | <0.0001 | 1.20 [0.66–2.16] | 0.55 | 1.37 [0.75–2.53] | 0.31 | 3.53 [2.40–5.21] | <0.0001 | 1.81 [0.93–3.53] | 0.08 | 1.48 [0.79–2.77] | 0.23 |
Credit obligations: no | yes | 0.91 [0.65–1.27] | 0.58 | 1.10 [0.68–1.79] | 0.69 | 0.77 [0.45–1.33] | 0.35 | 0.73 [0.50–1.07] | 0.11 | 0.93 [0.51–1.68] | 0.81 | 0.61 [0.35–1.07] | 0.09 |
Professional Environment: Reference Group | HADS-A | HADS-D | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | ||||||||
OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | ||
Primary specialization: no | yes | 3.82 [1.95–7.51] | <0.0001 | 2.06 [1.02–4.16] | 0.04 | - | - | 9.67 [3.02–30.99] | <0.0001 | 4.59 [1.40–15.06] | 0.01 | - | - |
Additional specialization: no | yes | 1.65 [1.11–2.47] | 0.01 | 1.36 [0.69–2.70] | 0.38 | 0.78 [0.44–1.36] | 0.38 | 1.65 [1.07–2.56] | 0.02 | 2.02 [0.95–4.29] | 0.07 | 0.59 [0.33–1.06] | 0.08 |
Academic degree: no | yes | 1.20 [0.83–1.75] | 0.33 | 1.98 [1.21–3.25] | 0.01 | 1.06 [0.52–2.14] | 0.87 | 1.06 [0.69–1.61] | 0.80 | 2.05 [1.13–3.73] | 0.02 | 0.92 [0.45–1.88] | 0.82 |
Hospital: no | yes | 0.28 [0.19–0.40] | <0.0001 | 0.46 [0.24–0.86] | 0.02 | 0.52 [0.30–0.91] | 0.02 | 0.23 [0.15–0.34] | <0.0001 | 0.32 [0.16–0.65] | <0.01 | 0.53 [0.30–0.93] | 0.03 |
GP clinic: no | yes | 1.07 [0.71–1.61] | 0.75 | 0.86 [0.50–1.48] | 0.59 | 0.82 [0.38–1.73] | 0.60 | 1.26 [0.79–2.02] | 0.33 | 0.94 [0.48–1.83] | 0.85 | 1.03 [0.48–2.21] | 0.95 |
Having a specialized clinic: no | yes | 2.48 [1.75–3.51] | <0.0001 | 2.18 [1.34–3.54] | 0.002 | 1.08 [0.60–1.96] | 0.79 | 2.85 [1.92–4.23] | <0.0001 | 2.76 [1.51–5.03] | <0.001 | 1.10 [0.60–2.02] | 0.75 |
Work period (years) | 1.08 [1.07–1.10] | <0.0001 | 1.10 [1.06–1.14] | <0.0001 | 1.06 [1.01–1.11] | 0.01 | 1.09 [1.07–1.11] | <0.0001 | 1.14 [1.09–1.20] | <0.0001 | 1.04 [1.00–1.09] | 0.06 | |
Number of working hours (hour/week) | 0.98 [0.96–0.99] | <0.01 | 0.99 [0.97–1.02] | 0.54 | 0.99 [0.97–1.00] | 0.14 | 0.98 [0.96–0.99] | <0.01 | 1.00 [0.96–1.03] | 0.78 | 0.99 [0.97–1.00] | 0.12 | |
Post-shift time at the primary workplace: resting | working | 0.99 [0.66–1.47] | 0.95 | 1.28 [0.77–2.13] | 0.34 | 0.44 [0.21–0.91] | 0.03 | 0.82 [0.52–1.30] | 0.41 | 0.99 [0.53–1.86] | 0.98 | 0.45 [0.22–0.96] | 0.04 |
Place of rest: in the country | abroad | 0.35 [0.17–0.75] | 0.01 | 0.55 [0.20–1.52] | 0.25 | 0.24 [0.07–0.77] | 0.02 | 0.35 [0.15–0.81] | 0.01 | 0.49 [0.14–1.70] | 0.26 | 2.56 [1.34–4.87] | <0.01 |
in the country and abroad | 0.35 [0.24–0.50] | <0.0001 | 0.44 [0.26–0.73] | <0.01 | 0.53 [0.29–0.98] | 0.04 | 0.25 [0.17–0.39] | <0.0001 | 0.33 [0.18–0.62] | <0.001 | 0.79 [0.23–2.73] | 0.71 | |
Annual sick leave (days) | 0.95 [0.91–1.00] | 0.03 | 0.93 [0.88–1.00] | 0.04 | 1.00 [0.94–1.06] | 0.99 | 0.96 [0.92–1.01] | 0.10 | 0.94 [0.87–1.02] | 0.14 | 1.00 [0.94–1.07] | 0.92 | |
Leisure trips (N/year) | 0.99 [0.91–1.08] | 0.85 | 1.08 [0.96–1.21] | 0.19 | 0.64 [0.48–0.85] | <0.01 | 0.56 [0.45–0.71] | <0.0001 | 0.70 [0.5–0.99] | 0.04 | 0.61 [0.45–0.83] | <0.01 | |
Professional satisfaction (points) | 0.94 [0.92–0.96] | <0.0001 | 0.95 [0.92–0.98] | <0.001 | 0.94 [0.91–0.97] | <0.001 | 0.93 [0.91–0.95] | <0.0001 | 0.94 [0.91–0.97] | <0.001 | 0.93 [0.89–0.96] | <0.0001 |
Health/ Lifestyle: Reference Group | HADS-A | HADS-D | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | Total | 25–50 | 50–80 | ||||||||
OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | OR [95% CI] | p-Value | ||
Chronic disease: no | yes | 5.80 [3.46–9.73] | <0.0001 | 3.14 [1.77–5.55] | <0.0001 | 12.76 [1.63–100.01] | 0.02 | 7.43 [3.82–14.46] | <0.0001 | 3.62 [1.72–7.65] | <0.001 | 9.19 [1.17–72.06] | 0.03 |
Pharmacotherapy: no | yes | 5.26 [3.23–8.57] | <0.0001 | 3.05 [1.74–5.35] | <0.0001 | 5.5 [1.54–19.62] | <0.01 | 7.28 [3.84–13.80] | <0.0001 | 4.4 [2.02–9.62] | <0.001 | 3.92 [1.10–13.98] | 0.04 |
Sick leave (days/year) | 1.01 [1.00–1.01] | 0.09 | 1.00 [0.99–1.01] | 0.84 | 1.00 [0.99–1.01] | 0.84 | 1.01 [1.00–1.01] | 0.06 | 1.00 [0.99–1.02] | 0.98 | 1.00 [0.99–1.01] | 0.84 | |
Physical activity: irregular | frequent | 0.19 [0.07–0.53] | <0.01 | 0.32 [0.10–1.06] | 0.06 | 0.07 [0.01–0.53] | 0.01 | 0.14 [0.03–0.58] | 0.01 | 0.18 [0.02–1.32] | 0.09 | 0.10 [0.01–0.82] | 0.03 |
Diet: never | yes whenever | 3.33 [2.33–4.77] | <0.0001 | 1.95 [1.12–3.36] | 0.02 | 2.71 [1.55–4.74] | <0.001 | 4.41 [2.98–6.54] | <0.0001 | 3.06 [1.64–5.72] | <0.001 | 2.82 [1.59–4.99] | <0.001 |
Alcohol: no | yes | 0.78 [0.55–1.09] | 0.15 | 0.58 [0.36–0.94] | 0.03 | 1.07 [0.62–1.84] | 0.81 | 0.99 [0.68–1.44] | 0.94 | 0.86 [0.47–1.55] | 0.61 | 1.13 [0.65–1.96] | 0.67 |
Chronic fatigue: no | yes | 7.98 [5.47–11.64] | <0.0001 | 6.27 [3.75–10.48] | <0.0001 | 5.23 [2.81–9.73] | <0.0001 | 5.93 [3.95–8.92] | <0.0001 | 2.86 [1.55–5.27] | <0.001 | 5.30 [2.74–10.26] | <0.0001 |
Sleep (hours) | 0.71 [0.56–0.90] | <0.01 | 0.68 [0.48–0.97] | 0.03 | 1.16 [0.81–1.68] | 0.42 | 0.74 [0.57–0.96] | 0.02 | 0.74 [0.48–1.14] | 0.18 | 1.16 [0.80–1.68] | 0.44 | |
Smoking: no | yes | 1.26 [0.82–1.93] | 0.29 | 1.30 [0.72–2.35] | 0.39 | 1.39 [0.67–2.86] | 0.37 | 1.50 [0.95–2.37] | 0.08 | 1.96 [1.01–3.83] | 0.05 | 1.35 [0.66–2.78] | 0.42 |
Packet Years of Smoking | 1.04 [1.01–1.08] | 0.01 | 1.03 [0.97–1.09] | 0.30 | 1.01 [0.96–1.06] | 0.82 | 1.03 [0.99–1.06] | 0.12 | 1.04 [0.98–1.10] | 0.19 | 0.96 [0.91–1.02] | 0.17 | |
Life satisfaction (points) | 0.77 [0.73–0.82] | <0.0001 | 0.76 [0.70–0.83] | <0.0001 | 0.80 [0.74–0.87] | <0.0001 | 0.81 [0.77–0.86] | <0.0001 | 0.84 [0.77–0.91] | <0.0001 | 0.83 [0.76–0.89] | <0.0001 |
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Niewiadomska, E.; Łabuz-Roszak, B.; Pawłowski, P.; Wypych-Ślusarska, A. The Physical and Mental Well-Being of Medical Doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13410. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013410
Niewiadomska E, Łabuz-Roszak B, Pawłowski P, Wypych-Ślusarska A. The Physical and Mental Well-Being of Medical Doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13410. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013410
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiewiadomska, Ewa, Beata Łabuz-Roszak, Piotr Pawłowski, and Agata Wypych-Ślusarska. 2022. "The Physical and Mental Well-Being of Medical Doctors in the Silesian Voivodeship" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13410. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013410