Reproductive Desire in Women Living with HIV/AIDS with Serodiscordant Partners
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Variables
2.2. Statistical Analyses
2.3. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | n = 110 | % |
---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 37.0 (7.8) | |
≥40 | 48 | 43.6 |
30–39 | 43 | 39.1 |
<30 | 19 | 17.3 |
Education (years), mean (SD) | 8.3 (4.4) | |
≥4 | 24 | 21.8 |
5–8 | 38 | 34.5 |
>8 | 48 | 43.6 |
Formal employment | ||
No | 49 | 44.5 |
Yes | 61 | 55.5 |
Race/ethnicity | ||
White | 22 | 20.0 |
Black | 25 | 22.7 |
Mixed Brazilian | 53 | 48.2 |
Others (Asian or native Brazilian) | 10 | 9.1 |
Tobacco use 1 | ||
Yes | 19 | 17.3 |
No | 91 | 82.7 |
Alcohol use 1 | ||
Yes | 45 | 40.9 |
No | 65 | 59.1 |
Illicit drug use 2 | ||
Yes | 12 | 10.9 |
No | 98 | 89.1 |
Condom use 3 | ||
Never | 10 | 9.1 |
Sometimes | 21 | 19.1 |
Always | 79 | 71.8 |
Relationship time (years) | ||
>5 | 38 | 34.5 |
3–5 | 31 | 28.2 |
≤2 | 41 | 37.3 |
Reproductive desire in partner | ||
No | 50 | 45.5 |
Do not know | 15 | 13.6 |
Yes | 45 | 40.9 |
Number of children, mean (SD) | 2.5 (1.7) | |
≥3 | 54 | 49.1 |
1–2 | 42 | 38.2 |
None | 14 | 12.7 |
Children with positive serology for HIV 4 | ||
Yes | 2 | 2.0 |
No | 99 | 98.0 |
Pregnancy after diagnosis 5 | ||
Yes | 39 | 38.2 |
No | 63 | 61.8 |
History of abortion 5 | ||
No | 71 | 69.6 |
Yes | 31 | 30.4 |
Opportunistic illness 3 | ||
Yes | 24 | 21.8 |
No | 86 | 78.2 |
STIs 3,6 | ||
Yes | 17 | 15.7 |
No | 91 | 84.3 |
Time since diagnosis (years) | ||
≥2 | 22 | 20.0 |
3–5 | 27 | 24.5 |
>5 | 61 | 55.5 |
ART use | ||
No | 9 | 8.2 |
Yes | 101 | 91.8 |
CD4 7 | ||
<200 | 8 | 9.8 |
200–350 | 12 | 14.6 |
>350 | 62 | 75.6 |
Undetectable viral load 3,8 | ||
No | 45 | 51.1 |
Yes | 43 | 48.9 |
Knowledge of assisted reproduction | ||
No | 68 | 61.8 |
Yes | 42 | 38.2 |
Knowledge of how to reduce risk of HIV transmission | ||
No | 62 | 56.4 |
Yes | 48 | 43.6 |
Variables | Reproductive Desire | Crude PR (95% CI) | p 2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n/Total 1 | % | |||
Age (years) | ||||
≥40 | 7/48 | 14.6 | 1.00 | |
30–39 | 14/43 | 32.6 | 2.23 (0.90–5.53) | 0.083 |
<30 | 15/19 | 78.9 | 5.41 (2.20–13.27) | <0.001 |
Education (years) | ||||
≥4 | 7/24 | 29.2 | 1.00 | |
5–8 | 10/38 | 26.3 | 0.90 (0.34–2.37) | 0.835 |
>8 | 19/48 | 39.6 | 1.35 (0.57–3.22) | 0.490 |
Formal employment | ||||
No | 15/49 | 30.6 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 21/61 | 34.4 | 1.12 (0.57–2.18) | 0.728 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
White | 3/22 | 13.6 | 1.00 | |
Black | 14/25 | 56.0 | 4.10 (1.18–14.28) | 0.026 |
Mixed-race | 18/53 | 34.0 | 2.49 (0.73–8.45) | 0.143 |
Others (Asian or native Brazilian) | 1/10 | 10.0 | 0.73 (0.07–7.04) | 0.788 |
Tobacco use 3 | ||||
Yes | 7/19 | 36.8 | 1.00 | |
No | 29/91 | 31.9 | 0.86 (0.37–1.97) | 0.731 |
Alcohol use 3 | ||||
Yes | 15/45 | 33.3 | 1.00 | |
No | 21/65 | 32.3 | 0.96 (0.49–1.88) | 0.916 |
Illicit drug use 4 | ||||
Yes | 7/12 | 58.3 | 1.00 | |
No | 2998 | 29.6 | 0.50 (0.22–1.15) | 0.107 |
Condom use 5 | ||||
Never | 5/10 | 50.0 | 1.00 | |
Sometimes | 6/21 | 28.6 | 0.57 (0.17–1.87) | 0.335 |
Always | 25/79 | 31.6 | 0.63 (0.24–1.65) | 0.350 |
Relationship time (years) | ||||
>5 | 6/38 | 15.8 | 1.00 | |
3–5 | 9/31 | 29.0 | 1.83 (0.65–5.16) | 0.248 |
≤2 | 21/41 | 51.2 | 3.24 (1.30–8.03) | 0.011 |
Reproductive desire in partner | ||||
No | 2/50 | 4.0 | 1.00 | |
Do not know | 5/15 | 33.3 | 8.33 (1.61–42.95) | 0.011 |
Yes | 29/45 | 64.4 | 16.11 (3.84–67.51) | <0.001 |
Number of children | ||||
≥3 | 10/54 | 18.5 | 1.00 | |
1–2 | 14/42 | 33.3 | 1.80 (0.79–4.05) | 0.156 |
None | 12/14 | 85.7 | 4.62 (1.99–10.71) | <0.001 |
Children with positive serology for HIV | ||||
Yes | -/2 | - | 1.00 | |
No | 28/99 | 28.3 | 1.12 (0.27–4.62) | 0.868 |
Pregnancy after diagnosis | ||||
Yes | 9/39 | 23.1 | 1.00 | |
No | 20/63 | 31.7 | 1.37 (0.62–3.02) | 0.427 |
History of abortion | ||||
No | 18/71 | 25.4 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 11/31 | 35.5 | 1.39 (0.66–2.96) | 0.380 |
Opportunistic illness history 5 | ||||
Yes | 7/34 | 29.2 | 1.00 | |
No | 29/86 | 33.7 | 1.15 (0.50–2.63) | 0.730 |
STIs history 5 | ||||
Yes | 6/17 | 35.3 | 1.00 | |
No | 30/91 | 33.0 | 0.93 (0.38–2.24) | 0.879 |
Time since diagnosis (years) | ||||
≥2 | 8/22 | 36.4 | 1.00 | |
3–5 >5 | 10/27 | 37.0 | 1.01 (0.40–2.58) | 0.969 |
>5 | 18/61 | 29.5 | 0.81 (0.35–1.86) | 0.623 |
ART use | ||||
No | 3/9 | 33.3 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 33/101 | 32.7 | 0.98 (0.30–3.19) | 0.974 |
CD4 | ||||
<200 | 3/8 | 37.5 | 1.00 | |
200–350 | 1/12 | 8.3 | 0.22 (0.02–2.13) | 0.193 |
>350 | 23/62 | 37.1 | 0.98 (0.39–3.29) | 0.986 |
Undetectable viral load 5 | ||||
No | 13/45 | 28.9 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 16/43 | 37.2 | 1.28 (0.61–2.67) | 0.498 |
Knowledge of assisted reproduction | ||||
No | 21/68 | 30.9 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 15/42 | 35.7 | 1.15 (0.59–2.24) | 0.667 |
Knowledge of how to reduce risk of HIV transmission | ||||
No | 16/62 | 25.8 | 1.00 | |
Yes | 20/48 | 41.7 | 1.61 (0.83–3.11) | 0.153 |
Variables | Adjusted 1 PR (95% CI) | p2 |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||
≥40 | 1.00 | |
30–39 | 2.09 (0.92–4.74) | 0.075 |
<30 | 4.30 (1.92–9.61) | <0.001 |
Race/ethnicity | ||
White | 1.00 | |
Black | 1.52 (0.33–7.06) | 0.588 |
Mixed-race | 1.33 (0.31–5.62) | 0.697 |
Others (Asian or native Brazilian) | 0.79 (0.06–9.25) | 0.854 |
Time of relationship (years) | ||
>5 | 1.00 | |
3–5 | 1.48 (0.61–3.59) | 0.382 |
≤2 | 2.25 (1.01–4.99) | 0.045 |
Illicit drug use 3 | ||
Yes | 1.00 | |
No | 0.79 (0.40–1.58) | 0.522 |
Reproductive desire in partner | ||
No | 1.00 | |
Do not know | 2.69 (0.80–9.05) | 0.108 |
Yes | 8.73 (2.59–29.41) | <0.001 |
Number of children | ||
≥3 | 1.00 | |
1–2 | 1.01 (0.56–1.84) | 0.951 |
None | 2.81 (1.10–7.17) | 0.030 |
CD4 | ||
<200 | 1.00 | |
200–350 | 0.52 (0.09–2.76) | 0.446 |
>350 | 0.75 (0.29–1.92) | 0.559 |
Knowledge of how to reduce risk of HIV transmission | ||
No | 1.00 | |
Yes | 1.42 (0.72–2.81) | 0.305 |
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Souza, M.R.d.; Guimarães, R.A.; Amaral, W.N.d.; Cunha, V.E.d.; Moura, B.D.M.d.; Barbosa, M.A.; Brunini, S.M. Reproductive Desire in Women Living with HIV/AIDS with Serodiscordant Partners. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13763. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113763
Souza MRd, Guimarães RA, Amaral WNd, Cunha VEd, Moura BDMd, Barbosa MA, Brunini SM. Reproductive Desire in Women Living with HIV/AIDS with Serodiscordant Partners. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(21):13763. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113763
Chicago/Turabian StyleSouza, Marise Ramos de, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Waldemar Naves do Amaral, Vanessa Elias da Cunha, Brenner Dolis Marretto de Moura, Maria Alves Barbosa, and Sandra Maria Brunini. 2022. "Reproductive Desire in Women Living with HIV/AIDS with Serodiscordant Partners" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21: 13763. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113763