Health Benefits of Residence at Moderate Altitude Do Not Reduce COVID-19 Mortality
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Altitude | Age Group | Sex | Population | Deaths from All Causes | Deaths from COVID-19 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
<500 m | Overall | Males | 3,163,661 | 30,092 | 2186 |
Females | 3,284,809 | 31,345 | 2073 | ||
60+ | Males | 710,509 | 26,168 | 2079 | |
Females | 888,824 | 29,248 | 2034 | ||
500–1000 m | Overall | Males | 1,127,582 | 11,115 | 1031 |
Females | 1,150,578 | 11,155 | 813 | ||
60+ | Males | 280,049 | 9856 | 997 | |
Females | 334,817 | 10,488 | 798 | ||
>1000 m | Overall | Males | 87,529 | 773 | 76 |
Females | 86,905 | 645 | 45 | ||
60+ | Males | 21,315 | 663 | 75 | |
Females | 23,748 | 602 | 43 |
Mortality Rate from All Causes | Mortality Rate from COVID-19 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Altitude | Population | Males | Females | Males | Females |
<500 m | Total | 951 | 954 | 69 | 63 |
(941–962) | (944–965) | (66–72) | (60–66) * | ||
60+ | 3683 | 3291 | 293 | 229 | |
(3639–3728) | (3253–3329) * | (280–306) | (219–238) * | ||
500–1000 m | Total | 986 | 970 | 91 | 71 |
(968–1004) § | (952–988) | (86–97) § | (66–76) *§ | ||
60+ | 3519 | 3132 | 356 | 238 | |
(3450–3590) § | (3073–3193) *§ | (334–379) § | (222–256) * | ||
>1000 m | Total | 883 | 742 | 87 | 52 |
(822–948) §& | (686–802) *§& | (68–109) | (38–69) *& | ||
60+ | 3110 | 2535 | 352 | 181 | |
(2878–3357) §& | (2336–2746) *§& | (277–441) | (131–244) * |
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Burtscher, J.; Millet, G.P.; Leitner, B.; Burtscher, M. Health Benefits of Residence at Moderate Altitude Do Not Reduce COVID-19 Mortality. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 16074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316074
Burtscher J, Millet GP, Leitner B, Burtscher M. Health Benefits of Residence at Moderate Altitude Do Not Reduce COVID-19 Mortality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(23):16074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316074
Chicago/Turabian StyleBurtscher, Johannes, Gregoire P. Millet, Barbara Leitner, and Martin Burtscher. 2022. "Health Benefits of Residence at Moderate Altitude Do Not Reduce COVID-19 Mortality" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23: 16074. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316074