Sedentary Behavioral Studies of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Hypertension in the Framework of Behavioral Epidemiology: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Question
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Literature Sources and Search Strategies
2.4. Evidence Selection and Information Extraction
3. Results
3.1. Literature Search Results
3.2. Characteristics of the Included Literature
3.3. Inclusion of Details from the Literature
3.3.1. Relationships with Health
3.3.2. Measurement Method
3.3.3. Influencing Factors
4. Discussion
4.1. SB and Health
4.2. Diagnosis and Measurement of SB
4.3. Influencing Factors of SB
4.4. General Analysis
4.5. Advantages and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author (Time of Publication) | Stage 1 | Number of Samples (Age 2) | Country/Region | Research Type | Tools for Measuring SB (Definition/Program 3) | Result Indicators |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gibbs et al. [33] (2017) | 1 | 25 (average age: 42; 20–65 years old) | United States of America | Randomized controlled trials | activPAL3 micro (two periods of 3 h and 40 min of continuous seated desk work). | BP 4; PWV 5 |
Alansare et al. [34] (2020) | 1 | 25 (20–65 years old) | United States of America | Randomized controlled trials | activPAL3 micro (except for required bathroom breaks, participants worked at a conventional desk while sitting still during the sitting period, with their feet flat on the floor). | BP; PWV |
Perdomo et al. [35] (2019) | 1 | 25 (average age: 42; 20–65 years old) | United States of America | Randomized controlled trials | Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (the SB group was required to sit continuously). | BP; CBFv 6 |
Hwu et al. [36] (2004) | 1 | 872 (35–60 years old; SB subjects averaged 51.8 ± 8.5 years old; non-SB subjects averaged 52.7 ± 8.8 years old) | Asia-Pacific | Cross-sectional studies | Total physical activity was measured by keeping track of how many hours a day were spent engaging in physical activity. (Sedentary activity hours)/(24 h—base activity hours) was used to calculate physical inactivity (participants were referred to as “SB” if their physical activity score was higher than 0.5). | Insulin resistance |
Palatini et al. [37] (2011) | 1 | 87 (SB subjects averaged 33.2 ± 8.7 years old; non-SB subjects averaged 29.7 ± 8.6 years old) | Italy | Prospective studies | A standardized questionnaire was used to measure physical activity [38] (participants were categorized as sedentary if they did not regularly engage in any physical activity). | Carotid intima–media thickness |
Palatini et al. [39] (2009) | 1 | 454 (18–45 years old; average age: 33.1 ± 8.4 years old) | Italy | Prospective studies | A standardized questionnaire was used to measure physical activity [38] (participants were categorized as sedentary if they did not regularly engage in any physical activity). | LV 7 mass; LV hypertrophy |
Castelo et al. [40] (2016) | 2 | 285 (19–59 years old) | Brazil | Cross-sectional studies | An instrument was used with variables related to identification, related factors, and signs and symptoms. The diagnostic inference was made by four nurses who had received prior training in an 8-h course [40] (definition based on NANDA-I 9). | SB 8 |
Martins et al. [41] (2015) | 3 | 285 (19–59 years old) | Brazil | Cross-sectional studies | A tool that was created based on previously validated clinical signs and related factors was used to collect the data [42] (individuals with SB were defined as those who do not exercise at the recommended frequency, duration, and intensity or do not expend significant energy to improve their physical condition). | SB; PA 10 |
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Zhang, K.; Huang, S.; Feng, D.; Lang, X.; Wang, Q.; Liu, Y. Sedentary Behavioral Studies of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Hypertension in the Framework of Behavioral Epidemiology: A Scoping Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 16796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416796
Zhang K, Huang S, Feng D, Lang X, Wang Q, Liu Y. Sedentary Behavioral Studies of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Hypertension in the Framework of Behavioral Epidemiology: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(24):16796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416796
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Kexin, Sufang Huang, Danni Feng, Xiaorong Lang, Quan Wang, and Yuchen Liu. 2022. "Sedentary Behavioral Studies of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Hypertension in the Framework of Behavioral Epidemiology: A Scoping Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24: 16796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416796