Relationship between Muscle-Tendon Stiffness and Drop Jump Performance in Young Male Basketball Players during Developmental Stages
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Drop Jump Performance Parameters in Different Age Groups
3.2. Correlation between Drop Jump Performance Parameters and Stiffness
3.3. Tendon and Muscle Stiffness in Different Age Groups
4. Discussion
4.1. Pearson’s Correlation Analysis between Stiffness and DJ Performance Parameters
4.2. Stiffness of GAT, QT, PT and RF through Developmental Stages
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | All Participants (n = 73) | ≤13 Years (n = 18) | 14–15 Years (n = 34) | ≥16 Years (n = 21) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 15.2 ± 1.7 | 13.2 ± 0.4 | 15.0 ± 0.6 | 17.3 ± 1.0 |
Weight (kg) | 67.9 ± 14.2 | 53.9 ± 9.0 | 67.4 ± 10.2 | 80.8 ± 11.4 |
Height (m) | 1.79 ± 0.1 | 1.68 ± 0.1 | 1.79 ± 0.1 | 1.88 ± 0.1 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.0 ± 2.7 | 19.0 ± 2.3 | 20.9 ± 2.2 | 22.9 ± 2.4 |
MO (years) | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 0.0 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 0.9 |
Parameter | All Participants (n = 73) | ≤13 Years (n = 18) | 14–15 Years (n = 34) | ≥16 Years (n = 21) |
---|---|---|---|---|
RSI30 (m/s) | 1.02 ± 0.26 | 0.89 ± 0.23 *** | 0.97 ± 0.24 ** | 1.19 ± 0.24 |
JH30 (m) | 0.27 ± 0.06 | 0.23 ± 0.05 *** | 0.27 ± 0.05 ** | 0.32 ± 0.05 |
CT30 (s) | 0.275 ± 0.05 | 0.265 ± 0.05 | 0.282 ± 0.05 | 0.273 ± 0.05 |
RSI40 (m/s) | 1.09 ± 0.31 | 0.92 ± 0.35 *** | 1.07 ± 0.32 | 1.26 ± 0.26 |
JH40 (m) | 0.28 ± 0.06 | 0.24 ± 0.05 *** | 0.28 ± 0.06 ** | 0.33 ± 0.06 |
CT40 (s) | 0.270 ± 0.05 | 0.274 ± 0.04 | 0.271 ± 0.05 | 0.267 ± 0.04 |
Parameter | Tendon and Muscle Stiffness | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GAT | RF | PT | QT | ||||||||
8 cm | 9 cm | 10 cm | 11 cm | 12 cm | 16 cm | 20 cm | |||||
Right RSI30 | r | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.38 | 0.27 | 0.18 |
p | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.12 | |
Left RSI30 | r | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.14 | 0.37 | 0.24 | 0.18 |
p | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.11 | |
Right JH30 | r | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
p | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.08 | |
Left JH30 | r | 0.26 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.27 |
p | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.02 | |
Right CT30 | r | −0.08 | −0.05 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.01 | −0.02 | −0.03 | −0.15 | −0.15 | −0.01 |
p | 0.52 | 0.66 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.94 | |
Left CT30 | r | −0.12 | −0.10 | −0.06 | −0.07 | −0.06 | −0.12 | 0.00 | −0.19 | −0.13 | 0.05 |
p | 0.29 | 0.38 | 0.63 | 0.53 | 0.62 | 0.29 | 0.98 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.68 |
Parameter | Tendon and Muscle Stiffness | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GAT | RF | PT | QT | ||||||||
8 cm | 9 cm | 10 cm | 11 cm | 12 cm | 16 cm | 20 cm | |||||
Right RSI40 | r | 0.25 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 0.32 | 0.35 | 0.10 |
p | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.19 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.40 | |
Left RSI40 | r | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.12 |
p | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.30 | |
Right JH40 | r | 0.23 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.24 |
p | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.04 | |
Left JH40 | r | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.20 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
p | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | |
Right CT40 | r | −0.12 | −0.21 | −0.13 | −0.14 | −0.12 | −0.03 | 0.02 | −0.12 | −0.11 | 0.09 |
p | 0.32 | 0.07 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.32 | 0.79 | 0.83 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.43 | |
Left CT40 | r | −0.20 | −0.18 | −0.18 | −0.15 | −0.14 | −0.14 | 0.02 | −0.12 | −0.06 | 0.16 |
p | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.85 | 0.30 | 0.62 | 0.17 |
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Gervasi, M.; Benelli, P.; Venerandi, R.; Fernández-Peña, E. Relationship between Muscle-Tendon Stiffness and Drop Jump Performance in Young Male Basketball Players during Developmental Stages. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 17017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417017
Gervasi M, Benelli P, Venerandi R, Fernández-Peña E. Relationship between Muscle-Tendon Stiffness and Drop Jump Performance in Young Male Basketball Players during Developmental Stages. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(24):17017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417017
Chicago/Turabian StyleGervasi, Marco, Piero Benelli, Roberto Venerandi, and Eneko Fernández-Peña. 2022. "Relationship between Muscle-Tendon Stiffness and Drop Jump Performance in Young Male Basketball Players during Developmental Stages" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24: 17017. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417017