Effect of Face Masks on Blood Saturation, Heart Rate, and Well-Being Indicators in Health Care Providers Working in Specialized COVID-19 Center
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Time and Participants
2.2. Equipment
2.3. Research Design
2.4. Statistical Methods
Variable | SpO2 [%, Median, IQR **] | HR [bpm, Median, IQR **] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HCPcharacteristics | Shift 1 | Shift 2 | Shift 1 | Shift 2 |
Females (* N = 268,996) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 103 (92–113) | 99 (87–110) |
Males (* N = 100,217) | 96 (95–96) | 96 (95–97) | 104 (89–115) | 99 (82–111) |
<35 years (* N = 326,115) | 98 (97–98) | 97 (97–98) | 105 (93–115) | 102 (89–112) |
≥35 years (* N = 43,098) | 97(96–98) | 96 (96–97) | 92 (82–100) | 85 (75–91) |
Variable | 30-Min Intervals (Median, IQR) | Test | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–30 | 31–60 | 61–90 | 91–120 | 121–150 | 151–180 | ||
SpO2 [%] Total | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test p < 0.001 |
Shift 1st | 97 (96 99) | 97 (96–97) | 97 (96–97) | 97 (96–97) | 96 (96–97) | 96 (96–97) | |
Shift 2nd | 97 (96 98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | 97 (96–98) | |
HR (bpm) Total | 104 (89–113) | 103 (88–112) | 101 (85–111) | 97 (84–109) | 98 (82–111) | 96 (81–109) | |
Shift 1st | 105 (92–114) | 105 (95–114) | 103 (91–113) | 102 (90–112) | 103 (90–114) | 100 (88–112) | |
Shift 2nd | 104 (92–114) | 102 (89–113) | 100 (84–110) | 96 (85–108) | 97 (83–109) | 95 (83–108) |
Variable * | p-Value | Test | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SpO2 | 0–30 min | 31–60 min | 61–90 min | 91–120 min | 121–150 min | 151–180 min | |
Shift 1 vs. Shift 2 | 0.823 | 0.009 ** | 0.011 ** | 0.021 ** | 0.054 | 0.197 | Wilcoxon |
Shift 3 vs. Shift 4 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.5 | Wilcoxon |
Variables (HCPs, n = 37) | Number of HCPs with Positive Variables History, n, (%) | Correlations Coefficients between SpO2 and the Sum of Variables | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st shift | 2nd Shift | |||
Shortness of breath | 24 (65%) | 26 (70%) | −0.121 | <0.001 |
Fatigue | 28 (76%) | 32 (85%) | −0.057 | <0.001 |
Thirst | 34 (92%) | 35 (94%) | −0.142 | <0.001 |
Headache | 8 (22%) | 9 (26%) | −0.006 | <0.001 |
Perspiration | 28 (76%) | 29 (78%) | −0.127 | <0.001 |
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wojtasz, I.; Cofta, S.; Czudaj, P.; Jaracz, K.; Kaźmierski, R. Effect of Face Masks on Blood Saturation, Heart Rate, and Well-Being Indicators in Health Care Providers Working in Specialized COVID-19 Center. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 1397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031397
Wojtasz I, Cofta S, Czudaj P, Jaracz K, Kaźmierski R. Effect of Face Masks on Blood Saturation, Heart Rate, and Well-Being Indicators in Health Care Providers Working in Specialized COVID-19 Center. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(3):1397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031397
Chicago/Turabian StyleWojtasz, Izabela, Szczepan Cofta, Paweł Czudaj, Krystyna Jaracz, and Radosław Kaźmierski. 2022. "Effect of Face Masks on Blood Saturation, Heart Rate, and Well-Being Indicators in Health Care Providers Working in Specialized COVID-19 Center" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3: 1397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031397