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Article

Sickness Presenteeism as a Link between Long Working Hours and Employees’ Outcomes: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators as Resources

1
Department of Business Administration, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
2
Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(4), 2179; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042179
Submission received: 22 January 2022 / Revised: 9 February 2022 / Accepted: 10 February 2022 / Published: 15 February 2022

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the flow from long working hours to sickness presenteeism behavior and its outcomes for employees, while integrating intrinsic and extrinsic work value orientations as moderators in the process. We employed a two-wave design with a five-month interval. Data were obtained from 275 employees in Taiwan. The results of latent moderated structural equations (LMS) revealed that long working hours were positively associated with presenteeism, which in turn was negatively related to employees’ well-being and job performance. Furthermore, the negative indirect effect of working long hours on job performance via presenteeism was weaker for those with a higher intrinsic work value orientation. The negative indirect effect of working long hours on well-being via presenteeism was weaker for those with a higher extrinsic work value orientation. We demonstrated that the long-term impact of presenteeism behavior could be understood by viewing work value orientations as resource gains to compensate resource depletion in a demanding work context. This resource dynamism is pivotal to realizing the functional or dysfunctional outcomes of presenteeism behavior. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings for employees’ well-being and organizational effectiveness are discussed.
Keywords: presenteeism; work value orientation; well-being; performance; resource loss/gain presenteeism; work value orientation; well-being; performance; resource loss/gain

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lu, L.; Cooper, C.L. Sickness Presenteeism as a Link between Long Working Hours and Employees’ Outcomes: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators as Resources. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042179

AMA Style

Lu L, Cooper CL. Sickness Presenteeism as a Link between Long Working Hours and Employees’ Outcomes: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators as Resources. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042179

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lu, Luo, and Cary L. Cooper. 2022. "Sickness Presenteeism as a Link between Long Working Hours and Employees’ Outcomes: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators as Resources" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042179

APA Style

Lu, L., & Cooper, C. L. (2022). Sickness Presenteeism as a Link between Long Working Hours and Employees’ Outcomes: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivators as Resources. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2179. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042179

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