The Mechanism of Household Waste Sorting Behaviour—A Study of Jiaxing, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review and Hypotheses
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Measurements
3.2. Data Collection
3.3. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. The Measurement Model Analysis
4.2. The Structural Model Analysis
4.3. Multi-Group Analysis
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions, Limitations, and Future Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Indicators | Contents | Sources |
---|---|---|---|
Attitude | ATT1 | The waste sorting is a hygienic and healthy behaviour. | (Shen et al. [1]; Ajzen et al. [9]; Jia et al. [10]) |
ATT2 | The recycling of waste makes me feel responsible for environmental protection. | ||
ATT3 | Implementing waste sorting is a very good measure. | ||
ATT4 | For me, it’s very good to implement waste sorting regularly. | ||
ATT5 | Implementing Waste sorting regularly makes me happy. | ||
Subjective norms | SN1 | My families think waste sorting is effective. | (Taylor and Todd [17]; Baber [18]) |
SN2 | People who are important to me support me with waste sorting. | ||
SN3 | I will do the same when I see people waste sorting around me. | ||
SN4 | My important friends/family think that waste sorting is very important for environmental protection. | ||
SN5 | My important friends/family recommended that I waste sort. | ||
Perceived behaviour control | PBC1 | I have complete control over deciding whether to sort waste. | (Ajzen and Thomas [9]; Kim [11]; Ofstad et al. [12]) |
PBC2 | I can avoid polluting the living environment through waste sorting. | ||
PBC3 | I am willing to sort waste to protect the environment in the community. | ||
Perceived policy effectiveness | PPE1 | The waste sorting and recycling bins provided by the government can promote recycling. | (Wan [15]; Liao et al. [16]; Gkargkavouzi et al. [20]) |
PPE2 | The environmental protection plan implemented by the government has effectively raised public awareness of environmental hazards. | ||
PPE3 | The government provides clear guidelines on waste sorting. | ||
PPE4 | The government’s propaganda helps citizens understand the importance of waste sorting. | ||
PPE5 | Government policy encourages me to sort the waste. | ||
PPE6 | The government policy is conducive to our waste sorting. | ||
PPE7 | The release of the policy makes me want to implement waste sorting. | ||
Waste sorting intention | IWS1 | In the next few weeks, I plan to reduce food waste by paying more attention to the amount purchased. | (Ajzen and Thomas [9]; Ajzen [8]; Chu and Chiu [13]) |
IWS2 | After that, I plan to sort waste several times a week. | ||
IWS3 | From this week on I will sort the waste. | ||
IWS4 | I want to let my family and friends sort the trash. | ||
IWS5 | I am willing to learn waste sorting knowledge to better classify. | ||
Waste sorting behaviour | WSB1 | I implemented the recycling sorting. | (Ofstad et al. [12]) |
WSB2 | I implemented hazardous waste sorting. | ||
WSB3 | I implemented the sorting of food waste. | ||
WSB4 | I implemented the sorting of other waste. |
ATT | SN | PBC | PPE | WSI | WSB | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATT1 | 0.758 | 0.618 | 0.585 | 0.546 | 0.556 | 0.298 |
ATT2 | 0.891 | 0.828 | 0.754 | 0.799 | 0.810 | 0.501 |
ATT3 | 0.863 | 0.742 | 0.723 | 0.764 | 0.749 | 0.462 |
ATT4 | 0.875 | 0.757 | 0.729 | 0.727 | 0.794 | 0.450 |
ATT5 | 0.805 | 0.753 | 0.612 | 0.612 | 0.685 | 0.402 |
SN1 | 0.604 | 0.741 | 0.474 | 0.549 | 0.560 | 0.351 |
SN2 | 0.755 | 0.822 | 0.589 | 0.641 | 0.667 | 0.385 |
SN3 | 0.812 | 0.805 | 0.725 | 0.736 | 0.759 | 0.463 |
SN4 | 0.791 | 0.881 | 0.694 | 0.774 | 0.784 | 0.495 |
SN5 | 0.580 | 0.776 | 0.528 | 0.641 | 0.705 | 0.485 |
PBC1 | 0.385 | 0.423 | 0.599 | 0.419 | 0.447 | 0.349 |
PBC2 | 0.725 | 0.660 | 0.889 | 0.685 | 0.696 | 0.402 |
PBC3 | 0.807 | 0.720 | 0.914 | 0.713 | 0.757 | 0.446 |
PPE1 | 0.615 | 0.647 | 0.643 | 0.791 | 0.666 | 0.424 |
PPE2 | 0.801 | 0.777 | 0.741 | 0.860 | 0.768 | 0.504 |
PPE3 | 0.637 | 0.658 | 0.597 | 0.837 | 0.706 | 0.507 |
PPE4 | 0.708 | 0.709 | 0.640 | 0.887 | 0.754 | 0.509 |
PPE5 | 0.679 | 0.661 | 0.572 | 0.720 | 0.619 | 0.351 |
PPE6 | 0.697 | 0.688 | 0.631 | 0.885 | 0.736 | 0.507 |
PPE7 | 0.722 | 0.757 | 0.640 | 0.878 | 0.782 | 0.530 |
WSI1 | 0.687 | 0.696 | 0.604 | 0.721 | 0.820 | 0.525 |
WSI2 | 0.623 | 0.670 | 0.643 | 0.670 | 0.831 | 0.524 |
WSI3 | 0.719 | 0.755 | 0.664 | 0.740 | 0.859 | 0.633 |
WSI4 | 0.799 | 0.786 | 0.742 | 0.774 | 0.895 | 0.534 |
WSI5 | 0.825 | 0.770 | 0.714 | 0.728 | 0.825 | 0.440 |
WSB1 | 0.493 | 0.501 | 0.461 | 0.548 | 0.608 | 0.909 |
WSB2 | 0.389 | 0.418 | 0.387 | 0.422 | 0.464 | 0.821 |
WSB3 | 0.453 | 0.514 | 0.425 | 0.530 | 0.588 | 0.881 |
WSB4 | 0.402 | 0.425 | 0.398 | 0.433 | 0.471 | 0.808 |
Hypotheses Path | Path Coefficient (β) | T | Results |
---|---|---|---|
H1: ATT → WSI | 0.198 *** | 3.203 | Supported |
H2: SN → WSI | 0.314 *** | 5.926 | Supported |
H3: PBC → WSI | 0.162 *** | 4.115 | Supported |
H4: WSI → WSB | 0.629 *** | 18.513 | Supported |
H5: PPE → ATT | 0.831 *** | 45.384 | Supported |
H6: PPE → WSI | 0.308 *** | 6.396 | Supported |
Gender | Income | Age | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Low | High | Young | Elderly | |
n = 274 | n = 267 | n = 365 | n = 185 | n = 414 | n = 127 | |
H1 | 0.180 | 0.214 ** | 0.155 * | 0.349 *** | 0.154 * | 0.469 *** |
H2 | 0.337 *** | 0.296 *** | 0.349 *** | 0.200 *** | 0.336 *** | 0.220 * |
H3 | 0.176 ** | 0.161 ** | 0.161 *** | 0.146 * | 0.177 *** | 0.099 |
H4 | 0.575 *** | 0.692 *** | 0.617 *** | 0.616 *** | 0.614 *** | 0.639 *** |
H5 | 0.834 *** | 0.828 *** | 0.809 *** | 0.874 *** | 0.815 *** | 0.884 *** |
H6 | 0.281 *** | 0.324 *** | 0.310 *** | 0.304 *** | 0.315 *** | 0.193 * |
Education Background | Living Area | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Higher Education | Higher Education | Urban | Rural | |
n = 319 | n = 222 | n = 365 | n = 176 | |
H1 | 0.202 ** | 0.221 * | 0.180 * | 0.219 * |
H2 | 0.312 *** | 0.322 ** | 0.318 *** | 0.340 *** |
H3 | 0.182 *** | 0.114 | 0.163 ** | 0.158 ** |
H4 | 0.573 *** | 0.654 *** | 0.598 *** | 0.693 *** |
H5 | 0.796 *** | 0.878 *** | 0.826 *** | 0.842 *** |
H6 | 0.290 *** | 0.316 *** | 0.321 *** | 0.270 *** |
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Liu, Q.; Xu, Q.; Shen, X.; Chen, B.; Esfahani, S.S. The Mechanism of Household Waste Sorting Behaviour—A Study of Jiaxing, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2447. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042447
Liu Q, Xu Q, Shen X, Chen B, Esfahani SS. The Mechanism of Household Waste Sorting Behaviour—A Study of Jiaxing, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2447. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042447
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Qiao, Qianhui Xu, Xin Shen, Bowei Chen, and Sonia Sadeghian Esfahani. 2022. "The Mechanism of Household Waste Sorting Behaviour—A Study of Jiaxing, China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2447. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042447