Parental Illness and Life Satisfaction among Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Importance of School Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Life Satisfaction (Outcome)
2.2.2. Parental Illness (Exposure)
2.2.3. School-Related Factors
2.2.4. Combined Variables
2.2.5. Socioeconomic and Illness Characteristics
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Association between Parental Illness, School-Related Factors, and Life Satisfaction
3.2. Joint Effect of School-Related Factors and Parental Illness on Life Satisfaction
3.3. Students’ Experiences with Student Counsellors
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No Ill Parents | Physically Ill Parent(s), No Functional Impairment | Physically Ill Parent, Functionally Impaired | Mentally Ill Parent | Multiple Ill Parents | p1 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (% (N)) | 85.1 (8141) | 7.2 (688) | 3.4 (325) | 2.9 (282) | 1.4 (129) | |
Age (mean (SD)) | 16.9 (1.45) | 16.9 (1.40) | 17.2 (1.59) | 17.0 (1.67) | 17.4 (1.61) | <0.0001 |
Age range | 12–26 | 12–25 | 12–26 | 13–26 | 13–25 | |
Age 95% quantile | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 19 | |
Gender (% female) | 55.3 | 63.8 | 68.6 | 74.6 | 81.4 | <0.0001 |
Family socioeconomic position (%) | <0.0001 | |||||
High | 47.7 | 42.0 | 34.5 | 34.4 | 19.4 | |
Medium | 29.9 | 33.0 | 28.6 | 29.8 | 27.9 | |
Low | 6.5 | 11.3 | 19.1 | 13.1 | 30.2 | |
Students/missing/ unclassifiable | 15.9 | 13.7 | 17.9 | 22.7 | 22.5 | |
Own physical illness (%) | 30.9 | 41.7 | 48.3 | 43.6 | 54.3 | <0.0001 |
Own mental/behavioural illness (%) | 18.1 | 21.5 | 22.8 | 35.8 | 53.5 | <0.0001 |
I can trust my teachers (% neither agree nor disagree/disagree/strongly disagree | 40.0 | 37.5 | 45.9 | 51.1 | 49.6 | <0.0001 |
Satisfied with academic support from teachers (% neither agree nor disagree/disagree/strongly disagree) | 32.7 | 32.3 | 37.9 | 35.1 | 41.9 | 0.0803 |
I feels I am part of the classroom community (% sometimes/seldom or never/there is no community) | 16.1 | 18.2 | 24.9 | 28.0 | 31.8 | <0.0001 |
Low life satisfaction (%) | 16.9 | 20.8 | 29.2 | 37.9 | 47.3 | <0.0001 |
Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR 1 (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|
Parental illness | ||
No ill parents | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Physically ill parent(s), no functional impairment | 1.27 (1.04–1.54) | 1.20 (0.98–1.46) |
Physically ill parent, functional impairment | 1.98 (1.54–2.53) | 1.70 (1.32–2.20) |
Mentally ill parent | 2.98 (2.32–3.83) | 2.60 (1.99–3.31) |
Multiple ill parents | 3.98 (2.79–5.69) | 3.05 (2.12–4.38) |
I can trust my teachers | ||
Strongly agree/agree | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Neither agree nor disagree/disagree/strongly disagree | 2.28 (2.05–2.54) | 2.13 (1.91–2.37) |
Satisfied with academic support from teachers | ||
Neither agree nor disagree/disagree/strongly disagree | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Strongly agree/agree | 1.53 (1.37–1.70) | 1.44 (1.29–1.61) |
I feel I am part of the classroom community | ||
Always/most of the time | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) |
Sometimes/ seldom or never/there is no community | 4.25 (3.78–4.79) | 3.91 (3.47–4.41) |
% (n) | Adjusted OR 1 (95% CI) | Type III Test, p | |
---|---|---|---|
Talked to student counsellor, N = 9280 | <0.0001 | ||
No ill parents | 17.1 (1342) | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Physically ill parent(s), no functional impairment | 20.6 (141) | 1.26 (1.03–1.54) | |
Physically ill parent, functional impairment | 28.6 (92) | 1.74 (1.34–2.26) | |
Mentally ill parent | 35.7 (99) | 2.52 (1.94–3.29) | |
Multiple ill parents | 38.3 (49) | 2.42 (1.65–3.54) | |
Among students who talked to a student counsellor, N = 1725 | |||
Strongly agree/agree that it was helpful | 0.31 | ||
No ill parents | 61.2 (820) | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Physically ill parent(s), no functional impairment | 61.4 (86) | 1.03 (0.72–1.48) | |
Physically ill parent, functional impairment | 51.1 (47) | 0.71 (0.46–1.09) | |
Mentally ill parent | 67.7 (67) | 1.36 (0.89–2.12) | |
Multiple ill parents | 59.2 (29) | 1.01 (0.56–1.82) | |
Among students who did not talk to a student counsellor, N = 7478 | |||
Wish to talk to a student counsellor | 0.0003 | ||
No ill parents | 8.8 (565) | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Physically ill parent(s), no functional impairment | 6.3 (34) | 0.69 (0.48–1.00) | |
Physically ill parent, functional impairment | 9.7 (22) | 1.14 (0.72–1.81) | |
Mentally ill parent | 11.8 (21) | 1.52 (0.94–2.46) | |
Multiple ill parents | 21.8 (17) | 3.04 (1.69–5.46) | |
Do not know if they wish to talk to a student counsellor | 0.32 | ||
No ill parents | 23.6 (1523) | 1.00 (ref.) | |
Physically ill parent(s), no functional impairment | 22.4 (120) | 0.86 (0.69–1.06) | |
Physically ill parent, functional impairment | 24.3 (55) | 0.96 (0.70–1.32) | |
Mentally ill parent | 30.3 (54) | 1.31 (0.93–1.84) | |
Multiple ill parents | 23.1 (18) | 1.00 (0.57–1.75) |
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Jørgensen, S.E.; Thygesen, L.C.; Andersen, A.; Due, P.; Michelsen, S.I. Parental Illness and Life Satisfaction among Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Importance of School Factors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052719
Jørgensen SE, Thygesen LC, Andersen A, Due P, Michelsen SI. Parental Illness and Life Satisfaction among Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Importance of School Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(5):2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052719
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgensen, Sanne Ellegård, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Anette Andersen, Pernille Due, and Susan Ishøy Michelsen. 2022. "Parental Illness and Life Satisfaction among Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Importance of School Factors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5: 2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052719