Comparison between Single and Multi-LED Emitters for Photodynamic Therapy: An In Vitro Study on Enterococcus faecalis and Human Gingival Fibroblasts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Light Sources
2.2. Experimental Design
- TL-01 N (near) = 0.5 mm distance between the samples and the light source, 7 min of irradiation (Figure 1C).
- TL-03 N (near) = 0.5 mm distance between the samples and the light source, 15 min of irradiation (Figure 1D).
- TL-03 F (far) = 30.0 mm distance between the samples and the light source, 15 min of irradiation (Figure 1E).
2.3. Strain Culture Condition
2.4. Colony Forming Units (CFU) Determination
2.5. Live/Dead Assay
2.6. Intracellular Detection of PpIX
2.7. Viability and Proliferation Assay
2.8. Morphological Characterization of Adherent Cells
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Colony Forming Units (CFUs) Determination
3.2. Live/Dead Assay
3.3. Intracellular Detection of PpIX
3.4. Viability and Proliferation Assay
3.5. Cellular Morphology Characterization
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Petrini, M.; Pierfelice, T.V.; D’Amico, E.; Carlesi, T.; Iezzi, G.; D’Arcangelo, C.; Di Lodovico, S.; Piattelli, A.; D’Ercole, S. Comparison between Single and Multi-LED Emitters for Photodynamic Therapy: An In Vitro Study on Enterococcus faecalis and Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053048
Petrini M, Pierfelice TV, D’Amico E, Carlesi T, Iezzi G, D’Arcangelo C, Di Lodovico S, Piattelli A, D’Ercole S. Comparison between Single and Multi-LED Emitters for Photodynamic Therapy: An In Vitro Study on Enterococcus faecalis and Human Gingival Fibroblasts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(5):3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053048
Chicago/Turabian StylePetrini, Morena, Tania Vanessa Pierfelice, Emira D’Amico, Teocrito Carlesi, Giovanna Iezzi, Camillo D’Arcangelo, Silvia Di Lodovico, Adriano Piattelli, and Simonetta D’Ercole. 2022. "Comparison between Single and Multi-LED Emitters for Photodynamic Therapy: An In Vitro Study on Enterococcus faecalis and Human Gingival Fibroblasts" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5: 3048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053048