Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Antimony onto Soils Using Multidisciplinary Characterization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Materials
2.1.1. Chemical Reagents
2.1.2. Soil Samples
2.2. Adsorption Experiments
2.2.1. Kinetic Experiment
2.2.2. Isothermal Experiment
2.2.3. Error Functions
2.2.4. The Effects of pH on Sb Adsorption
2.3. Soil Analysis and Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. The Adsorption Behaviors of Sb onto Soils
3.1.1. The Effects of Contact Times on Adsorption Behaviors of Sb
3.1.2. The Effects of Initial Concentration on Adsorption Behaviors of Sb
3.1.3. The Effects of pH on Adsorption Behaviors of Sb on Soils
3.2. The Adsorption Mechanism of Sb onto Soils
3.2.1. Adsorption Kinetic Experiments
3.2.2. Adsorption Isotherm Experiments
3.3. The Transformation of Chemical Species of Sb in Soils
3.4. Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Sb on Soils
3.5. How to Understand the Migration and Transformation of Sb between Soil and Groundwater
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Soil Categories | Soil 1 | Soil 2 |
---|---|---|
pH | 8.19 | 8.61 |
CEC (cmol/kg) | 47.35 | 14.45 |
SOM (g/kg) | 24.96 | 4.53 |
BET surface area (m2/g) | 14.07 | 6.52 |
Pore volume (cm3/g) | 0.0199 | 0.0117 |
Pore size (nm) | 5.646 | 7.172 |
Particle sizes | <0.002 mm 45.3% 0.002–0.02 mm 50.1% >0.02 mm 4.6% | <0.002 mm 1% 0.002–0.02 mm 13.3% >0.02 mm 85.7% |
Soil Sample | Valence State | First Order Kinetic Model | Second Kinetic Model | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qe | k1 | R2 | ARE | RMSE | Qe | k2 | R2 | ARE | RMSE | ||
soil 1 | Sb (III) | 1314.46 | 8.72 | 0.934 | 0.782 | 95.95 | 1354.07 | 0.013 | 0.969 | 0.927 | 118.66 |
Sb (V) | 415.65 | 0.17 | 0.828 | 3.875 | 61.15 | 445.69 | 5.76 × 10−4 | 0.887 | 6.955 | 129.77 | |
soil 2 | Sb (III) | 1359.25 | 2.88 | 0.872 | 1.370 | 150.69 | 1416.86 | 0.003 | 0.943 | 2.364 | 257.30 |
Sb (V) | 533.97 | 0.09 | 0.870 | 4.380 | 69.80 | 606.06 | 1.78 × 10−4 | 0.916 | 9.733 | 177.77 |
Soil Categories | Valence State | Langmuir Model | Freundlich Model | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qm | KL | R2 | ARE | RMSE | KF | nF | R2 | ARE | RMSE | ||
soil 1 | Sb (III) | 6949.72 | 0.009 | 0.975 | 7.192 | 40.52 | 61.55 | 1.019 | 0.974 | 6.522 | 42.23 |
Sb (V) | 2285.78 | 0.019 | 0.984 | 3.991 | 18.76 | 43.26 | 1.090 | 0.981 | 4.292 | 21.50 | |
soil 2 | Sb (III) | 12981.87 | 0.005 | 0.979 | 7.529 | 36.13 | 55.21 | 0.989 | 0.979 | 6.483 | 36.58 |
Sb (V) | 3564.77 | 0.010 | 0.980 | 4.396 | 19.41 | 38.88 | 1.082 | 0.999 | 5.476 | 21.05 |
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Mu, Z.-Q.; Xu, D.-M.; Fu, R.-B. Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Antimony onto Soils Using Multidisciplinary Characterization. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074254
Mu Z-Q, Xu D-M, Fu R-B. Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Antimony onto Soils Using Multidisciplinary Characterization. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(7):4254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074254
Chicago/Turabian StyleMu, Zi-Qi, Da-Mao Xu, and Rong-Bing Fu. 2022. "Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Antimony onto Soils Using Multidisciplinary Characterization" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7: 4254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074254