Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding Drug–Dietary Supplement and Drug–Herbal Product Interactions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Questionnaire
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Study Respondents
3.2. Respondents Knowledge about DDSIs
3.3. Respondents’ Knowledge about DHPIs
3.4. Respondents’ Knowledge Score about DDSIs and DHPIs
3.5. Relationship between Respondents’ Characteristics with Their Overall Knowledge Score on DDSIs and DHPIs
3.6. Respondents’ Behaviors Regarding the Risk of DDSIs and DHPIs
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | GPs | Specialty Doctors | Nurses | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 105) | (n = 87) | (n = 154) | (n = 346) | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
Gender | ||||
Male | 39 (37) | 44 (51) | 52 (34) | 135 (39) |
Female | 66 (63) | 43 (49) | 102 (66) | 211 (61) |
Age | ||||
≤29 years | 33 (31) | 0 (0) | 34 (22) | 67 (19) |
30–39 years | 35 (33) | 9 (10) | 31 (20) | 75 (22) |
40–49 years | 19 (18) | 57 (66) | 59 (38) | 135 (39) |
≥50 years | 18 (17) | 21 (24) | 30 (20) | 69 (20) |
Type of practice | ||||
Health center | 65 (62) | 38 (44) | 73 (47) | 176 (51) |
Hospital | 40 (38) | 49 (56) | 81 (53) | 170 (49) |
Specialty | ||||
General/family medicine | 65 (62) | 15 (17) | 66 (43) | 146 (42) |
Internal medicine | 19 (18) | 40 (46) | 30 (19) | 89 (26) |
Others a | 21 (20) | 32 (37) | 58 (38) | 111 (32) |
Years of practice experience | ||||
1–10 | 61 (58) | 24 (28) | 47 (30) | 132 (38) |
11–20 | 25 (24) | 50 (57) | 24 (16) | 99 (29) |
≥21 | 19 (18) | 13 (15) | 83 (54) | 115 (33) |
Postgraduate training (yes) | 67 (64) | 34 (39) | 89 (58) | 190 (55) |
Professional education or training about DS and HP (yes) | 13 (12) | 19 (22) | 8 (5) | 40 (12) |
Question a | GPs Correct Answer n (%) | Specialists Correct Answer n (%) | Nurses Correct Answer n (%) | Total Correct Answer n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Major DDSIs—Serious-avoid co-administration | ||||
Doxycycline with magnesium | 92 (88) | 81 (93) | 114 (74) | 287 (83) |
Levofloxacin with iron | 89 (85) | 62 (71) | 94 (61) | 245 (71) |
Fosinopril with potassium | 42 (40) | 43 (49) | 111 (72) | 196 (57) |
Moderate DDSIs—Use with caution-monitor | ||||
ASA with omega-3 fatty acid | 46 (44) | 57 (65) | 47 (31) | 150 (43) |
Hydrochlorothiazide with vitamin D3 | 46 (44) | 48 (55) | 43 (28) | 137 (40) |
Levothyroxine with calcium | 67 (64) | 39 (45) | 23 (15) | 129 (37) |
Warfarin with coenzyme Q10 | 25 (24) | 36 (41) | 68 (44) | 129 (37) |
Zolpidem with melatonin | 41 (39) | 40 (46) | 37 (24) | 118 (34) |
Levodopa with pyridoxine | 8 (8) | 7 (8) | 47 (31) | 62 (18) |
Warfarin with glucosamine | 25 (24) | 12 (14) | 10 (6) | 47 (14) |
Question a | GPs Correct Answer n (%) | Specialists Correct Answer n (%) | Nurses Correct Answer n (%) | Total Correct Answer n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Major DHPIs—Contraindicated | ||||
Indinavir with St John’s wort | 16 (15) | 33 (38) | 16 (10) | 65 (19) |
Major DHPIs—Serious-avoid co-administration | ||||
Phenobarbital with valerian | 75 (71) | 47 (54) | 89 (58) | 211 (61) |
Cyclosporine and St John’s wort | 19 (18) | 10 (11) | 36 (23) | 63 (18) |
Moderate DHPIs—Use with caution-monitor | ||||
ASA with ginger | 82 (78) | 52 (60) | 110 (71) | 244 (71) |
ASA with ginkgo | 82 (78) | 57 (66) | 84 (54) | 223 (64) |
Warfarin with ginseng | 59 (56) | 53 (61) | 80 (52) | 192 (56) |
Iraconazole with echinacea | 35 (33) | 34 (39) | 41 (27) | 110 (32) |
Atorvastatin with black cohosh | 44 (42) | 20 (23) | 36 (23) | 100 (29) |
Warfarin with cranbbery | 33 (31) | 18 (21) | 81 (53) | 132 (28) |
Insulin with aloe vera | 27 (26) | 35 (40) | 11 (7) | 73 (21) |
Mean (Median) | p-Values a | Pairwise Comparison (p-Values b) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GPs:Specialty Doctors | GPs:Nurses | Specialty Doctors:Nurses | |||
DDSIs knowledge | <0.001 | 0.139 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
GPs | 4.6 (4.0) | ||||
Specialty doctors | 4.9 (5.0) | ||||
Nurses | 3.9 (4.0) | ||||
DHPIs knowledge | 0.014 | 0.097 | 0.003 | 0.503 | |
GPs | 4.5 (4.0) | ||||
Specialty doctors | 4.1 (4.0) | ||||
Nurses | 3.8 (4.0) |
Characteristic | Category | Median (Q1–Q3) | Mean (±SD) [Maximum Score 20] | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.7 (±2.7) | 0.095 |
Female | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.2 (±2.8) | ||
Age | ≤29 years | 9.0 (8.0–11.0) | 9.2 (±2.7) | <0.001 |
30–39 | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | 8.9 (±2.5) | ||
40–49 | 7.0 (6.0–9.0) | 8.0 (±2.7) | ||
≥50 years | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.1 (±3.1) | ||
Type of practice | Health center | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.5 (±2.8) | 0.356 |
Hospital | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.3 (±2.8) | ||
Specialty | General/family medicine | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.3 (±2.7) | 0.08 |
Internal medicine | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | 8.9 (±3.0) | ||
Others a | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.2 (±2.7) | ||
Years of practice experience | 1–10 | 9.0 (7.0–10.0) | 9.0 (±2.6) | <0.001 |
11–20 | 8.0 (6.0–11.0) | 8.7 (±3.0) | ||
≥21 | 7.0 (6.0–9.0) | 7.6 (±2.6) | ||
Postgraduate training | No | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.5 (±3.0) | 0.816 |
Yes | 8.0 (7.0–10.0) | 8.4 (±2.6) | ||
Professional education or training about DS and HP | No | 8.0 (7.0–9.25) | 8.0 (±2.5) | <0.001 |
Yes | 11.5 (9.25–13.75) | 11.4 (±2.7) |
Question a | GPs n (%) b | Specialty Doctors n (%) b | Nurses n (%) b | Total n (%) b | p-Value c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
How often do you ask patients on drug therapy about use of DS or HP? | 44 (42) | 22 (25) | 30 (19) | 96 (28) | 0.156 |
How often do you ask patients on drug therapy about use of OTC medication? | 68 (65) | 52 (60) | 51 (33) | 171 (49) | 0.073 |
How often have you recommended patients on drug therapy to use DS or HP? | 47 (45) | 29 (33) | 98 (64) | 174 (50) | 0.168 |
How often have you noted use of DS or HP in the patient’s medical documentation? | 39 (37) | 20 (23) | 27 (17) | 86 (25) | 0.583 |
Is your knowledge of DS and HP sufficient to manage the DDSIs and DHPIs? | 25 (24) | 27 (31) | 18 (12) | 70 (20) | 0.269 |
How often is education about DDSIs or DHPIs useful and necessary to you in future practice? | 80 (76) | 53 (61) | 85 (55) | 218 (63) | 0.067 |
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Stanojević-Ristić, Z.; Mrkić, I.; Ćorac, A.; Dejanović, M.; Mitić, R.; Vitković, L.; Rašić, J.; Valjarević, D.; Valjarević, A. Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding Drug–Dietary Supplement and Drug–Herbal Product Interactions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074290
Stanojević-Ristić Z, Mrkić I, Ćorac A, Dejanović M, Mitić R, Vitković L, Rašić J, Valjarević D, Valjarević A. Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding Drug–Dietary Supplement and Drug–Herbal Product Interactions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(7):4290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074290
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanojević-Ristić, Zorica, Isidora Mrkić, Aleksandar Ćorac, Mirjana Dejanović, Radoslav Mitić, Leonida Vitković, Julijana Rašić, Dragana Valjarević, and Aleksandar Valjarević. 2022. "Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding Drug–Dietary Supplement and Drug–Herbal Product Interactions" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7: 4290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074290