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Article

Rasch-Validated Italian Scale for Diagnosing Digital Eye Strain: The Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire IT©

by
Natalia Cantó-Sancho
1,
Elena Ronda
2,3,*,
Julio Cabrero-García
4,
Stefano Casati
5,
Angela Carta
6,7,
Stefano Porru
6,7,† and
Mar Seguí-Crespo
1,2,†
1
Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
2
Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
3
Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4
Department of Nursing, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
5
Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
6
Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
7
Mistral–Interuniversity Research Centre ‘Integrated Models of Study for Health Protection and Prevention in Living and Working Environments’, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(8), 4506; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084506
Submission received: 2 February 2022 / Revised: 30 March 2022 / Accepted: 6 April 2022 / Published: 8 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section "Occupational Safety and Health")
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Abstract

The use of digital devices affects eye health; this can influence the performance of workers. To assess this impact, validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires are needed. The purpose of this study was to validate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q©) using Rasch analysis. Two hundred and forty-one Italian workers completed an ad hoc questionnaire on anamnesis and exposure to digital devices, and the Italian version of the CVS-Q©. Subsequently, a battery involving three clinical ocular surface and tear tests was performed. The reliability and validity of the scale was assessed using the Andrich Rating Scale Model, and the prevalence of computer vision syndrome (CVS) was calculated. A good fit of both items and persons to the predictions of the Rasch model was observed, with acceptable reliability, unidimensionality, and no or minimal severe differences as a function of gender or age; moreover, good test–retest repeatability, adequate values of sensitivity, reliability, and area under the curve, and adequate construct validity based on clinical tests were obtained. Workers with a questionnaire score ≥ 7 were found to present with CVS. The prevalence of CVS was 76.6%. The CVS-Q IT© is a valid and reliable scale to assess CVS in Italian workers who use digital devices.
Keywords: validation study; asthenopia; surveys and questionnaires; Rasch model; psychometrics validation study; asthenopia; surveys and questionnaires; Rasch model; psychometrics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cantó-Sancho, N.; Ronda, E.; Cabrero-García, J.; Casati, S.; Carta, A.; Porru, S.; Seguí-Crespo, M. Rasch-Validated Italian Scale for Diagnosing Digital Eye Strain: The Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire IT©. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084506

AMA Style

Cantó-Sancho N, Ronda E, Cabrero-García J, Casati S, Carta A, Porru S, Seguí-Crespo M. Rasch-Validated Italian Scale for Diagnosing Digital Eye Strain: The Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire IT©. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(8):4506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084506

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cantó-Sancho, Natalia, Elena Ronda, Julio Cabrero-García, Stefano Casati, Angela Carta, Stefano Porru, and Mar Seguí-Crespo. 2022. "Rasch-Validated Italian Scale for Diagnosing Digital Eye Strain: The Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire IT©" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8: 4506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084506

APA Style

Cantó-Sancho, N., Ronda, E., Cabrero-García, J., Casati, S., Carta, A., Porru, S., & Seguí-Crespo, M. (2022). Rasch-Validated Italian Scale for Diagnosing Digital Eye Strain: The Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire IT©. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084506

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