High Photocatalytic Activity of g-C3N4/La-N-TiO2 Composite with Nanoscale Heterojunctions for Degradation of Ciprofloxacin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of g-C3N4/La-N-TiO2 (CN/La-N-TiO2) Composite Nanomaterials
2.3. Spectroscopic and Electron Microscopic Characterization
2.4. Photocatalytic Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Photocatalysts Characterization
3.1.1. XRD and -FTIR Spectra
3.1.2. Morphology Analysis
3.1.3. XPS Analysis
3.1.4. BET Surface Area Analysis
3.1.5. Spectral Properties
3.2. Photocatalytic Performance
3.2.1. Effect of Catalyst Dosage
3.2.2. Effect of pH
3.2.3. Effect of Initial CIP Concentrations
3.2.4. Different Photocatalysts
3.2.5. Effect of Coexisting Cations
3.2.6. Degradation in Water Sample of Dangjiangkou
3.2.7. Proposed Pathways of CIP Degradation
3.2.8. Radical Trapping Experiment and Possible Photocatalytic Mechanism
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Photocatalysts | C0 (mg/L) | pH | Degradation Rate (%) | Light Irradiation Wavelength (λ) | Incident Light Power | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commercial anatase TiO2 | 1500 ppm | 5.8 | Kapp = 0.02 min−1 | Simulated visible light | Commercial visible metal halide lamp | [24] |
CeO2–Ag/AgBr | 10 | - | 93.05%/120 min | λ > 420 nm | A 300 W Xe lamp | [25] |
FeS/Fe2S3/zeolite | 2 | - | 6%/90 min | λ > 380 nm | Tungsten lamp | [26] |
Mesoporous TiO2 nanocrystallite aggregates | 160 | - | 96.05%/6 h | 200 nm ~1000 nm | A 500 W Xe lamp | [27] |
ZnO | 4 | 7/10 | 48%/60 min | 365 nm | A xenon lamp | [28] |
3D γ-Fe2O3@ZnO core-shell photocatalyst | 10 | 5.8 | 92.5%/60 min | Simulated sunlight | A 300 W Xenon lamp | [29] |
Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3 | 10 | 4.0~8.3 | 93.4%/30 min | Simulated solar light | A 300 W Xenon lamp | [30] |
Ag@PCNS/BiVO4 | 10 | - | 92.6%/120 min 17.5%/120 min | λ > 420 nm λ > 760 nm | - | [31] |
ZnAl-LDH/g-C3N4 | 20 | - | 84.1%/150 min | - | A 35 W Xenon lamp | [35] |
Ag2CrO4/Ag/BiFeO3@RGO | 10 | 6 | 96%/60 min | Visible light | 450 mW cm−2 | [33] |
TiO2 nanorod/g-C3N4 nanosheet | 4.97 | 6.3 | 93.4%/60 min | Simulated sunlight | A 500WXenon lamp | [34] |
TiO2@g-C3N4 hollow | - | - | 74%/120 min | Simulated sunlight | - | [32] |
CN/La-N-TiO2 | 10 | 6.0–7.0 | 96.8%/60 min | λ > 420 nm | A 300 W Xe lamp | our work |
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Yu, Y.; Liu, K.; Zhang, Y.; Xing, X.; Li, H. High Photocatalytic Activity of g-C3N4/La-N-TiO2 Composite with Nanoscale Heterojunctions for Degradation of Ciprofloxacin. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084793
Yu Y, Liu K, Zhang Y, Xing X, Li H. High Photocatalytic Activity of g-C3N4/La-N-TiO2 Composite with Nanoscale Heterojunctions for Degradation of Ciprofloxacin. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(8):4793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084793
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Yanmin, Ke Liu, Yangyang Zhang, Xuan Xing, and Hua Li. 2022. "High Photocatalytic Activity of g-C3N4/La-N-TiO2 Composite with Nanoscale Heterojunctions for Degradation of Ciprofloxacin" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8: 4793. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084793