Development and Validation of the ‘Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Self-Harm Questionnaire’ (SEDSHQ)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Development of the Instrument
2.3. Participants
2.4. Data Collection
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Reliability
3.3. Factor Analysis
3.4. Convergent Validity
3.5. Sensitivity to Change
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Regarding Patients Who Self-Harm, I Think I Am Able to … | Mean (Standard Deviation) |
---|---|
| 2.7 (0.7) |
| 2.7 (0.7) |
| 2.8 (0.8) |
| 2.6 (0.6) |
| 2.6 (0.6) |
| 2.6 (0.6) |
| 2.9 (0.7) |
| 2.6 (0.7) |
| 2.7 (0.8) |
| 2.9 (0.8) |
| 3.0 (0.8) |
| 2.9 (0.8) |
| 3.0 (0.7) |
| 2.9 (0.7) |
| 3.2 (0.7) |
| 2.6 (0.8) |
| 2.6 (0.7) |
| 2.5 (0.8) |
| 2.9 (0.7) |
| 2.9 (0.8) |
| 2.4 (0.8) |
| 2.4 (0.8) |
| 2.7 (0.8) |
| 2.6 (0.7) |
| 2.6 (0.8) |
| 2.5 (0.8) |
| 2.6 (0.8) |
| 2.9 (0.7) |
| 2.8 (0.7) |
| 2.6 (0.7) |
| 2.4 (0.8) |
| 2.3 (0.7) |
| 2.6 (0.8) |
| 2.6 (0.8) |
Education | Number | % |
---|---|---|
Certified nurse assistant | 3 | 1.1 |
Registered nurse | 132 | 48.9 |
Social worker | 38 | 14.1 |
(Clinical) psychologist or psychotherapist | 14 | 5.2 |
Psychiatrist | 1 | 0.4 |
Occupational therapist | 16 | 5.9 |
Other (e.g., trainer or manager) | 7 | 2.6 |
Unknown | 59 | 21.8 |
Total | 270 | 100 |
Factors | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Item (Regarding Patients Who Self-Harm) I Think I Am Able to… | Own Skills | Patient Commu-nication | Contact Patient System | Final Item Number |
1. calm them in situations of stress or panic | 0.473 | 1 | ||
2. encourage them when they are desperate or sad | 0.494 | 2 | ||
4. estimate when patients need support and care | 0.580 | 3 | ||
5. conclude how patients feel based on what they say | 0.527 | 4 | ||
6. conclude how patients feel based on their behavior | 0.426 | 5 | ||
17. recognize sources of stress in patients which can lead to self-harm | 0.748 | 6 | ||
18. recognize signs of imminent self-harm in patients | 0.670 | 7 | ||
24. recognize activities that patients use to handle increasing stress and imminent self-harm | 0.782 | 8 | ||
25. deploy specific actions when there are signs of imminent self-harm | 0.737 | 9 | ||
7. make agreements with patients about communication (at what point, how long and in what way) | 0.622 | 10 | ||
8. develop a confidential relationship with patients who challenge me | 0.515 | 11 | ||
9. keep offering professional care, even if the self-harming behavior of patients continues for considerable time | 0.465 | 12 | ||
10. discuss with patients which components of therapy they want to receive and at which pace | 0.572 | 13 | ||
11. talk to patients about their self-harming behavior | 0.672 | 14 | ||
12. investigate with patients the function of their self-harm | 0.704 | 15 | ||
13. talk to patients about their anger and/or aggression | 0.702 | 16 | ||
16. make agreements with patients about how to handle subjects they do not want to talk about | 0.649 | 17 | ||
19. investigate with patients possible sources of stress | 0.835 | 18 | ||
20. investigate with patients which signs indicate imminent self-harm | 0.827 | 19 | ||
23. investigate with patients their own sources of strength which help them prevent self-harm | 0.757 | 20 | ||
26. ascertain with patients immediate needs in cases of increasing stress and imminent self-harm | 0.720 | 21 | ||
27. analyze with patients the relation between events, thoughts, feelings and (self-harming) behavior | 0.761 | 22 | ||
28. talk to patients about how to diminish stress | 0.769 | 23 | ||
34. investigate and prepare with patients the desired after-care actions | 0.706 | 24 | ||
22. investigate with friends/family signs of imminent self-harm in the patient | 0.786 | 25 | ||
31. investigate with patients and family who will act in what way to diminish stress or prevent self-harm | 0.865 | 26 | ||
32. help friends/family make use of the agreed actions to diminish stress or to prevent self-harm | 0.876 | 27 |
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Kool-Goudzwaard, N.; Draisma, S.; Bijl, J.v.d.; Koekkoek, B.; Kerkhof, A.; Meijel, B.v. Development and Validation of the ‘Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Self-Harm Questionnaire’ (SEDSHQ). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010788
Kool-Goudzwaard N, Draisma S, Bijl Jvd, Koekkoek B, Kerkhof A, Meijel Bv. Development and Validation of the ‘Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Self-Harm Questionnaire’ (SEDSHQ). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(1):788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010788
Chicago/Turabian StyleKool-Goudzwaard, Nienke, Stasja Draisma, Jaap van der Bijl, Bauke Koekkoek, Ad Kerkhof, and Berno van Meijel. 2023. "Development and Validation of the ‘Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Self-Harm Questionnaire’ (SEDSHQ)" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1: 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010788
APA StyleKool-Goudzwaard, N., Draisma, S., Bijl, J. v. d., Koekkoek, B., Kerkhof, A., & Meijel, B. v. (2023). Development and Validation of the ‘Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Self-Harm Questionnaire’ (SEDSHQ). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 788. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010788