‘The Addiction Was Making Things Harder for My Mental Health’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Views of Adults and Adolescents Accessing a Substance Misuse Treatment Service
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Recruitment and Sample
2.3. Data Collection
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample
3.2. Initiation of Substance Use
“I had a problem with tramadol. I was self-medicating. Well, I was self-medicating on more than just tramadol, to be fair. It was anything I could get my hands on. At first, I thought it was just helping with my mental health.”(Adult service user 3, male)
“It got to a point where every time I’d have a drink, I’d have a smoke [cannabis]. I just felt like I could relax, and not have to think about anything.”(Adolescent service user 8, 14-year-old male)
“They weren’t friends, they were just using me for entertainment, but I thought they were friends. I used alcohol as a tool to cling onto people.”(Adult service user 1, male)
“I was at one of those carnivals. People were having it [cannabis], and then, I was with them, and they said, “Do you want to try it?” Then, I tried it and then glued on.”(Adolescent service user 3, 14-year-old male)
“I was in and around drugs and drinking with my job. I started off smoking a bit of weed and just went from that to the party drugs.”(Adult service user 9, male)
“It was fun when I was at college. Working in various bars and that. That’s a hard one, because it was always beer o’clock whenever your shift finished.”(Adult service user 8, male)
“She [colleague] came in one day really buzzing about how this boyfriend of hers had injected her with speed. I thought, “Oh, I’ll have a go on that.” and that started my first proper drug addiction.”(Adult service user 5, male)
3.3. Early Life Experiences
“I had a very rough childhood. I was in and out of foster homes and children’s homes. I was abused physically, sexually, mentally, and emotionally from the age of five.”(Adult service user 4, female)
“Looking back on it, a really bad childhood. There was abuse, there was alcohol involved and stuff like that. I got through it [‘bad childhood’] just by withdrawing from it.”(Adult service user 5, male)
“I started drinking when I was a child. I was forced to drink, by my stepfather. He would just get whisky out and just put it into a cup and just force you to drink it.”(Adult service user 4, female)
“My dad was a big drinker and he’s not a nice guy. He mistreated my mum and blah, blah, blah. My mum’s dad, he was an alcoholic as well and he used to mistreat my grandma.”(Adult service user 9, male)
“My mum and dad got divorced, and then I lived with two out of three sisters, then my other sister got moved into my other sister’s house. Now, it’s just me, my sister, and my mum.”(Adolescent service user 3, 14-year-old male)
“My dad suffered from huge bouts of depression. His sister overdosed and he didn’t really want to make that mistake, but he decided to [use substances] when he had me and my sister. My mum left him, and his life just went downhill.”(Adolescent service user 10, 16-year-old male)
3.4. The Bi-Directional Relationship of Mental Health and Substance Use
“I did reduce once, which I stopped for three months. Then my dad died suddenly, and I went out of control. Mental health [services] was involved.”(Adult service user 10, male)
“I had a massive bout of depression, and I was placed on the sick by my then employer, I relapsed, and had a spell in hospital for a detox.”(Adult service user 11, male)
“I generally get through things, by running and exercise, for my mental health. I couldn’t do that, so I went on a bit of a downward spiral, I was drinking quite a bit.”(Adult service user 15, female)
“I just feel the need to have a joint […] it just takes my mind off everything, it’s like soon as you have a joint you don’t think about nowt.”(Adolescent service user 1, 16-year-old male)
“I feel like, at the minute, I can’t [stop] because I just like that feeling. When I’m stressed, I like the feeling of being stoned, because you just forget everything.”(Adolescent service user 3, 14-year-old male)
“In the past I’ve tried to cover [mental health issues] up because there’s a lot of stigma, instead it’s, ‘oh, he’s had too much drink’.”(Adult service user 8, male)
“I’m just trying to fix the other problems, mentally, that have gone on in my life. There was a big cloud, masked over by just flying around the world and getting drugged up and pissed up.”(Adult service user 9, male)
“My mental health and my drinking kind of interconnect. When my mental health goes bad my drinking increases, when my drinking increases my mental health deteriorates.”(Adult service user 4, female)
“The addiction was making things harder for my mental health. Then when I started doing some of the classes and realised that it’s a massive circle of mental health as well as drug addiction.”(Adult service user 3, male)
“They [drugs] send you fucking barmy like, proper barmy. I was getting locked up every week, about once or twice a week or something. I’d be in jail now if I was still on them.”(Adolescent service user 6, 17-year-old male)
“The worst thing is I’m starting to realise every time I drink, the more suicidal things become. It has become a steak knife to my wrist, deeper to my neck, to my stomach.”(Adolescent service user 10, 16-year-old male)
3.5. Cessation of Substance Use
“I nearly died because of [heroin]. I had fluid on the lungs, I was rushed into hospital, and the doctor said that if I didn’t come, I would have died.”(Adult service user 2, male)
“Over the last couple of weeks my health declined so much, to the point that my liver and my kidneys were getting damaged.”(Adult service user 3, male)
“When you see how bad it could affect you if you’re stoned, and just the little things like what it can do to you and stuff. It was putting me off.”(Adolescent service user 3, 14-year-old male)
“Weed, like if you’re young and you smoke it like, it makes your brain not function properly. Drinking like doesn’t just affect your brain, it’s like all your insides and stuff.”(Adolescent service user 7, 14-year-old male)
“I’m trying to change my life around. I don’t want to be on medication anymore. I’ve got myself into employment which I’ve been promised will become permanent.”(Adult service user 7, male)
“To be drug-free, get my life back on track, get my own place, get it furnished, and eventually get a job. Meet a woman and start my own family, basically, like anybody else.”(Adult service user 2, male)
“My little lad came for a cuddle, and I had a glass of wine in my hand. He knocked my glass, and it went flying. I was fuming with him, just like, “Stupid fucking thing.” I realised, at that point, giving my son a cuddle was not my first priority.”(Adult service user 4, female)
“This time, I want everything gone and just to the point where I go out with my family and, like my kids and stuff.”(Adult service user 14, male)
“I want to be something that’s handy because my fun is, like, mucky fun. I like going and getting muddy and stuff like that. So, I think I either want to be a joiner, a plumber, electrician, a bricklayer, or a scaffolder.”(Adolescent service user 4, 13-year-old male)
“If I got caught with something like weed, got anything on my record it wouldn’t get me a good job and stuff like that.”(Adolescent service user 7, 14-year-old male)
3.6. Accessing Treatment
“They were very supportive, empathetic. They could see I meant it [wanting to stop using] and I was desperate […] I was relieved I’d been forced into making that step.”(Adult service user 4, male)
“It was cathartic, none of them ever judged me, not the service users or the staff, which is a wonderful feeling […] I was given a chance and I grabbed it.”(Adult service user 5, male)
“I’ve learned so much about myself and I’ve gone quicker with it than I thought I would. I’ve grown as a person; it’s been a massive eye-opener.”(Adult service user 9, male)
“I thought it was going to involve social workers, and I didn’t want to go. Then I went and found out what it was like and thought, ‘I’ll come back’.”(Adolescent service user 1, 16-year-old male)
“It warms my heart when I’m with them because I know I’m supported. I never thought I would feel that […]. When I cannot be arsed [to go to the treatment service], I force myself because I know it’s beneficial.”(Adolescent service user 10, 16-year-old male)
“We take stuff back with us, they don’t just give you daft fucking information; they’ll tell you proper stuff.”(Adolescent service user 6, 17-year-old male)
“The fact that it’s getting me off the drug, and it’s someone to talk to about drugs as well, isn’t it? It’s just a help.”(Adolescent service user 3, 14-year-old male)
“People who have alcohol issues don’t get tarred with the same stigma as people who have issues with heroin and cocaine. There’s a definite divide between opinions of the two.”(Adult service user 4, female)
“There’s a stigma about this place. Obviously, these are great with me here, don’t get me wrong, I’m lucky.”(Adult service user 12, male)
“It is trial and error, and you can’t be too disheartened if something doesn’t work for you, for whatever reason.”(Adult service user 9, male)
“Some people aren’t ready. Some people suffer from anxiety big time, and [attending] a group of people, it’s scary. I mean, I was like that myself.”(Adult service user 10, male)
“When do people struggle most? On a weekend. There is nothing [no services operational] there. I know you can’t babysit people 24/7, and there’s a problem with funding.”(Adult service user 4, male)
“Late at night, there is no one. It’s nothing to do with [the service], because they can only run what they’re commissioned to run.”(Adult service user 11, male)
4. Discussion
4.1. Strengths and Limitations
4.2. Implications
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Spencer, L.; Alderson, H.; Scott, S.; Kaner, E.; Ling, J. ‘The Addiction Was Making Things Harder for My Mental Health’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Views of Adults and Adolescents Accessing a Substance Misuse Treatment Service. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 5967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20115967
Spencer L, Alderson H, Scott S, Kaner E, Ling J. ‘The Addiction Was Making Things Harder for My Mental Health’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Views of Adults and Adolescents Accessing a Substance Misuse Treatment Service. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(11):5967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20115967
Chicago/Turabian StyleSpencer, Liam, Hayley Alderson, Steph Scott, Eileen Kaner, and Jonathan Ling. 2023. "‘The Addiction Was Making Things Harder for My Mental Health’: A Qualitative Exploration of the Views of Adults and Adolescents Accessing a Substance Misuse Treatment Service" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 11: 5967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20115967