Design of Innovative Clothing for Pressure Injury Prevention: End-User Evaluation in a Mixed-Methods Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Setting
2.3. Participants and Recruitment
2.4. Description of the Prototype
2.5. Data Collection Instruments and Procedures
- -
- How likely are you to adopt the prototype of pajamas for PI prevention in home environments, residential facilities for the elderly, long-term care units, or hospitals?
- -
- About the characteristics of the presented prototype pajamas, what aspects should be improved and why?
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- What should be the number of openings and the distance between the pieces composing the pajamas? What are the reasons behind these choices?
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- What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented prototypes?
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- How do you perceive the safety of the presented pajama prototypes for individuals with reduced mobility?
2.6. Data Analysis and Treatment Procedure
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Patents
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables Evaluated | N | % |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 9 | 47.4 |
Female | 10 | 52.6 |
Nursing Education | ||
Degree | 5 | 26.3 |
Post-graduation/Specialization | 5 | 26.3 |
Master’s Degree | 7 | 36.8 |
Doctoral Degree | 2 | 10.5 |
Clinical practice area | ||
Medical areas | 15 | 78.9 |
Surgical areas | 4 | 21.1 |
M ± SD | CI 95% | |
Age (in years) | 35.36 ± 9.68 | 30.70–40.03 |
Professional experience—overall (in years) | 12.31 ± 8.96 | 7.99–16.63 |
Professional experience in the current ward (in years) | 7.15 ± 8.61 | 3.00–11.31 |
Quantitative Assessment | Qualitative Assessment | ||
---|---|---|---|
Variables Evaluated | MD | CI 95% | Statements |
Utility | 4.0 | 3.03–4.55 | “The push buttons do not facilitate the exchange that I think it could be, maybe the goal that is to facilitate, no, but it makes sense these push buttons, it confuses at the time of dressing. […]” (Participant 01). “The locking system could be push ped on the simpler push, manipulated and fewer push. The other choice is to create a form of fasteners. The push buttons are too hard; this is not comfortable and will not make it easier to use […]” (Participant 12). “I don’t find the pants cuff adequate; without the cuff, it would make it easier to close, stitch closure through the opening. The push buttons are too many, it’s not practical. These push buttons do not help […]” (Participant 16). |
It is useful for my work | 4.0 | 3.20–4.75 | |
It facilitates the performance of my task | 4.0 | 3.15–4.70 | |
It allows me to be more effective/complete the task effectively | 3.0 | 3.05–4.40 | |
It allows me to be more efficient/complete the task efficiently | 3.0 | 3.10–4.50 | |
It meets the expected to respond to my task | 4.0 | 3.25–4.55 | |
It allows me to complete the task | 3.0 | 3.45–3.75 | |
It allows me to complete the task easily | 4.0 | 2.85–4.29 | |
It allows me to complete the task quickly | 3.0 | 2.55–4.05 | |
It allows me greater control over the task to be performed | 4.0 | 3.55–4.75 | |
It helps me be more productive in my work | 3.0 | 3.00–3.39 | |
It allows me to ensure more safety for the patient | 4.0 | 3.20–4.90 | |
It allows me to respond to my needs | 3.0 | 2.85–4.30 |
Quantitative Assessment | Qualitative Assessment | ||
---|---|---|---|
Variables Evaluated | MD | CI 95% | Statements |
Ease of use | 3.0 | 3.02–4.34 | “The push buttons are too many; it’s not practical. These pushes don’t help […]” (Participant 05). “The push buttons have already made it clear that they are too many and hard; it does not facilitate the use […]” (Participant 16). “Push buttons laterally to be able to open and have access to the front and back of the wearer would be interesting, the lateral opening should be whole. But there are too many push buttons […]” (Participant 10). |
It is easy to use | 3.0 | 2.60–3.95 | |
It is simple to use | 3.0 | 2.50–3.90 | |
It is user-friendly | 3.0 | 2.70–4.20 | |
It requires few manipulations to achieve what is intended | 3.0 | 2.25–3.80 | |
It allows flexible use according to my needs | 4.0 | 2.80–4.39 | |
It does not require much physical effort in its use | 4.0 | 2.80–4.39 | |
It does not require much mental effort in its use | 4.0 | 3.55–4.79 | |
It allows me to conduct tasks in a logical and consistent sequence | 4.0 | 3.55–4.79 | |
It is not associated with great possibilities of error in its use | 3.0 | 3.15–4.50 | |
It allows me to correct any errors quickly and easily | 5.0 | 4.05–5.20 |
Quantitative Assessment | Qualitative Assessment | ||
---|---|---|---|
Variables Evaluated | MD | CI 95% | Statements |
Ease of learning | 5.0 | 4.35–5.57 | “That opening in the knee doesn’t make sense—for example, a knee wound. Regardless of the situation that occurred at the time, being bad and we must open everything, but the opening goes only to the knee […]” (Participant 02). “The push buttons, where we must put in and take out with force. It needs a manipulation that demands time […]” (Participant 10). “The push buttons, I have already made it clear that they are many and hard, it does not facilitate when dressing, it is confusing […]” (Participant 02). |
You quickly learn to use it | 5.0 | 4.20–5.40 | |
You can easily learn to use it | 5.0 | 4.10–5.35 | |
I quickly remembered how to use it | 6.0 | 4.80–5.85 | |
I quickly became skilled at using it | 5.0 | 4.10–5.55 | |
It does not take much prior knowledge to use it | 5.0 | 4.65–5.75 | |
No written instructions are needed to use it | 5.0 | 4.05–5.40 |
Quantitative Assessment | Qualitative Assessment | ||
---|---|---|---|
Variables Evaluated | MD | CI 95% | Statements |
I would be satisfied | 4.0 | 3.20–4.55 | “When you lateralize the patient, you have an area that increases the pressure, and that opening is not good, or when it is in dorsal, I run the risk of hurting, I am thinking about the lateral push buttons […]” (Participant 4). The push buttons could have more space and be more malleable because I think it’s important not to be hard, not so hard. The push buttons would interfere with the safety of the user himself […]” (Participant 13). “Then, if you level up specifically the issue of spacing the push buttons. The push buttons could have more spacing and be more pliable because I think it’s important not to be hard, not to be so hard. The push buttons would interfere with the user’s own safety […]” (Participant 19). |
I would recommend it to colleagues | 4.0 | 3.10–4.45 | |
It would allow me to perform the tasks I want | 4.0 | 2.95–4.34 | |
It would be interesting for the performance of my tasks | 4.0 | 3.20–4.65 | |
I would need to have it in my clinical practice | 3.0 | 2.70–4.35 | |
It would be pleasant to use | 4.0 | 3.05–4.90 | |
I would be comfortable with its use | 4.0 | 3.50–4.70 | |
I would feel confident with its use | 4.0 | 3.40–4.60 | |
It would give me security in its use | 4.0 | 3.30–4.65 | |
The dimensions of the device are adequate | 5.0 | 3.90–5.35 | |
The weight of the device is adequate | 6.0 | 4.80–6.10 | |
Appearance is adjusted | 5.0 | 4.35–5.75 | |
I would like to use it often | 4.0 | 3.55–4.80 | |
It would be easy to adjust it for the performance of my tasks | 4.0 | 3.45–4.85 |
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Salgueiro-Oliveira, A.; Rêgo, A.d.S.; Santos-Costa, P.; Bernardes, R.A.; Filipe, L.; Sousa, L.B.; Barboza, R.; Carvalho, M.; Bouçanova, M.; Lopes, M.C.F.d.G.; et al. Design of Innovative Clothing for Pressure Injury Prevention: End-User Evaluation in a Mixed-Methods Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 6773. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186773
Salgueiro-Oliveira A, Rêgo AdS, Santos-Costa P, Bernardes RA, Filipe L, Sousa LB, Barboza R, Carvalho M, Bouçanova M, Lopes MCFdG, et al. Design of Innovative Clothing for Pressure Injury Prevention: End-User Evaluation in a Mixed-Methods Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(18):6773. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186773
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalgueiro-Oliveira, Anabela, Anderson da Silva Rêgo, Paulo Santos-Costa, Rafael A. Bernardes, Luísa Filipe, Liliana B. Sousa, Rochelne Barboza, Miguel Carvalho, Maria Bouçanova, Maria Clara Ferreira da Graça Lopes, and et al. 2023. "Design of Innovative Clothing for Pressure Injury Prevention: End-User Evaluation in a Mixed-Methods Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 18: 6773. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186773