Working Conditions and Mental Health in a Brazilian University
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Concepts of Mental Health, Assumptions, Indicators, and Main Theoretical Models
1.2. Working Conditions
Decent work means productive work in which rights are protected, which generates an adequate income, with adequate social protection. It also means sufficient work, in the sense that all should have full access to income-earning opportunities. It marks the high road to economic and social development, a road in which employment, income and social protection can be achieved without compromising workers’ rights and social standards.[43] (p. 6).
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Field Activities
2.3. Instruments
2.4. Response Analysis Procedures
3. Results
3.1. Working Conditions
3.2. Mental Health
3.3. Health Profiles according to the Perception of Working Conditions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factors of Working Conditions | Mean | Standard Deviation | Percentiles/Quartiles | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
25% | 50% | 75% | |||
Demands, Contradictions, and Material Conditions | |||||
F1 Bureaucratic process | 2.58 | 0.88 | 1.91 | 2.56 | 3.15 |
F2 Discrimination | 1.50 | 0.55 | 1.09 | 1.33 | 1.72 |
F3 Physical environment | 2.05 | 0.65 | 1.54 | 1.93 | 2.45 |
F4 Demands | 3.13 | 0.83 | 2.56 | 3.10 | 3.70 |
F5 Violence | 2.44 | 0.70 | 1.91 | 2.37 | 2.84 |
F6 Respect for Limitations | 3.48 | 0.55 | 3.16 | 3.54 | 3.84 |
F7 Material Precariousness | 3.31 | 0.95 | 2.65 | 3.35 | 3.99 |
Communication, Challenge, and Participation | |||||
F1 Knowledge update | 3.42 | 0.77 | 2.85 | 3.50 | 4.00 |
F2 Responsibility | 3.12 | 0.92 | 2.54 | 3.17 | 3.80 |
F3 Participation | 3.21 | 0.88 | 2.64 | 3.30 | 3.71 |
F4 Computerization | 4.27 | 0.69 | 3.94 | 4.48 | 4.78 |
F5 Flexibility of Working hours | 2.90 | 0.64 | 2.48 | 2.88 | 3.35 |
Support and Planning | |||||
F1 Support and Protection | 2.45 | 0.63 | 2.04 | 2.40 | 2.81 |
F2 Standardization | 3.70 | 0.75 | 3.19 | 3.74 | 4.22 |
F3 Management by Objectives | 3.57 | 0.70 | 3.14 | 3.64 | 4.08 |
Mean | Standard Deviation | Percentiles/Quartiles | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
25% | 50% | 75% | |||
Psychic Changes (GHQ) | 2.08 | 0.71 | 1.57 | 2.00 | 2.57 |
Positive Affects | 2.91 | 0.91 | 2.14 | 2.93 | 3.64 |
Negative Affects | 2.41 | 0.75 | 1.81 | 2.25 | 3.00 |
Self-esteem | 2.12 | 0.49 | 1.80 | 2.00 | 2.40 |
Interference of Work in Family | 3.49 | 1.39 | 2.33 | 3.33 | 4.67 |
Interference of Family in Work | 2.09 | 1.12 | 1.00 | 1.75 | 2.75 |
Working Condition Factors | F Coefficient | Significance Level |
---|---|---|
Demands, Contradictions and Material Conditions | ||
F1 Bureaucratic process | 10.67 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F2 Discrimination | 4.89 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F3 Physical Environment | 6.19 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F4 Demands | 11.10 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F5 Violence | 12.34 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F6 Respect for Limitations | 4.59 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F7 Material Precariousness | 8.53 | p ≤ 0.001 |
Communication, Challenge, and Participation | ||
F1 Knowledge update | 9.79 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F2 Responsibility | 2.83 | p = 0.016 |
F3 Participation | 12.19 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F4 Computerization | 0.94 | p = 0.457 |
F5 Flexibility of Working Hours | 9.26 | p ≤ 0.001 |
Support and Planning | ||
F1 Support and Protection | 8.15 | p ≤ 0.001 |
F2 Standardization | 1.70 | p = 0.134 |
F3 Management by Objectives | 10.04 | p ≤ 0.001 |
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Borges, L.d.O.; Motta, G.M.V.; Garcia-Primo, G.M.; Barros, S.C.; Heleno, C.T. Working Conditions and Mental Health in a Brazilian University. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021536
Borges LdO, Motta GMV, Garcia-Primo GM, Barros SC, Heleno CT. Working Conditions and Mental Health in a Brazilian University. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(2):1536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021536
Chicago/Turabian StyleBorges, Livia de Oliveira, Georgina Maria Véras Motta, Geraldo Majela Garcia-Primo, Sabrina Cavalcanti Barros, and Camila Teixeira Heleno. 2023. "Working Conditions and Mental Health in a Brazilian University" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2: 1536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021536