Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area and Collection of Pigeon Excreta
2.2. Yeast Isolation and Culture
2.3. Yeast Identification by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Location | No. of Sample Collected | No. of Colonies Observed | No. of Yeast Species |
---|---|---|---|
Ban Bueng | 21 | 24 | 5 |
Bang Lamung | 19 | 32 | 12 |
Bo Thong | 13 | 54 | 10 |
Ko Chan | 10 | 15 | 2 |
Koh Sichang | 6 | 16 | 4 |
Mueang Chonburi | 61 | 118 | 14 |
Nong Yai | 12 | 25 | 11 |
Phanat Nikhom | 13 | 15 | 6 |
Phan Thong | 17 | 64 | 13 |
Sattahip | 13 | 11 | 3 |
Si Racha | 15 | 19 | 7 |
CHROMagar Characteristics | Yeast Species Identified by CHROMagar | Yeast Species Identified by MALDI-TOF MS | No. |
---|---|---|---|
blue | Candida tropicalis | Candida metapsilosis | 2 |
cream-white | Candida tropicalis | Candida orthopsilosis | 1 |
dark blue | Candida tropicalis | Candida nivariensis | 1 |
green | Candida albicans | Cyberlindnera misumaiensis | 1 |
green | Candida albicans | Trichosporon asahii | 1 |
light blue | Candida tropicalis | Candida carpophila | 1 |
light blue | Candida tropicalis | Candida metapsilosis | 44 |
pale pink | Candida krusei | Pichia manshurica | 1 |
pale purple | Candida krusei | Candida carpophila | 2 |
pale red | Candida parapsilosis | Kazachstania telluris | 1 |
pink | Candida parapsilosis | Candida carpophila | 1 |
pink | Candida parapsilosis | Candida kefyr | 2 |
pink, gray, purple | Candida glabrata | Candida lusitaniae | 15 |
purple | Candida krusei | Candida carpophila | 3 |
purple | Candida krusei | Candida nivariensis | 1 |
purple | Candida krusei | Candida guillermontii | 1 |
purple | Candida krusei | Cyberlindnera fabianii | 1 |
purple | Candida krusei | Kazachstania telluris | 1 |
red | Candida parapsilosis | Kazachstania telluris | 16 |
pink to purple | Candida krusei | Candida guillermontii | 2 |
turquoise | Lodderomyces elongisporus | Candida carpophila | 1 |
turquoise | Lodderomyces elongisporus | Candida nivariensis | 1 |
turquoise | Lodderomyces elongisporus | Candida orthopsilosis | 1 |
turquoise | Lodderomyces elongisporus | Candida tropicalis | 1 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Arthographis kalrae | 2 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Candida carpophila | 7 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Candida nivariensis | 3 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Candida rugosa | 5 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Candida tropicalis | 1 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Cryptococcus neoformans | 19 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Cyberlindnera fabianii | 2 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Ogataea polymorpha | 3 |
white | Candida parapsilosis | Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 4 |
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Nualmalang, R.; Thanomsridetchai, N.; Teethaisong, Y.; Sukphopetch, P.; Tangwattanachuleeporn, M. Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043191
Nualmalang R, Thanomsridetchai N, Teethaisong Y, Sukphopetch P, Tangwattanachuleeporn M. Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043191
Chicago/Turabian StyleNualmalang, Rungnapa, Natthapaninee Thanomsridetchai, Yothin Teethaisong, Passanesh Sukphopetch, and Marut Tangwattanachuleeporn. 2023. "Identification of Pathogenic and Opportunistic Yeasts in Pigeon Excreta by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Their Prevalence in Chon Buri Province, Thailand" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3191. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043191