Does Early Victimization of School Bullies Affect Core Self-Evaluations in Young Adulthood? A Moderated Mediation Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Victimization and Core Self-Evaluations
1.2. The Mediating Role of Negative Cognitive Processing Bias
1.3. The Moderating Role of Resilience
1.4. The Current Study
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedure
2.2. Measures
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Common-Method Bias Test
3.2. Preliminary Analyses
3.3. Testing for the Moderated Mediation Model
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 EBV | 1.29 | 0.41 | 1 | |||
2 NCPB | 2.21 | 0.48 | 0.30 ** | 1 | ||
3 Resilience | 2.82 | 0.38 | −0.27 ** | −0.48 ** | 1 | |
4 CSE | 3.51 | 0.64 | −0.21 ** | −0.56 ** | 0.69 ** | 1 |
Model | Predictors | β | SE | t | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 (NCPB) | Gender | 0.28 | 0.06 | 4.77 *** | [0.17, 0.40] |
EV | 0.28 | 0.03 | 8.30 *** | [0.21, 0.35] | |
Resilience | −0.42 | 0.03 | −14.23 *** | [−0.48, −0.36] | |
EV × Resilience | 0.10 | 0.03 | 2.93 ** | [0.03, 0.16] | |
R2 | 0.29 | ||||
F | 91.83 *** | ||||
Model 2 (CSE) | Gender | −0.22 | 0.05 | −4.55 *** | [−0.31, −0.13] |
EV | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.33 | [−0.09, 0.02] | |
Resilience | 0.58 | 0.03 | 21.75 *** | [0.53, 0.64] | |
EV × Resilience | −0.03 | 0.03 | −0.91 | [−0.08, 0.03] | |
NCPB | −0.27 | 0.03 | −10.10 *** | [−0.32, −0.22] | |
NCPB × Resilience | 0.08 | 0.02 | 3.92 *** | [0.04, 0.12] | |
R2 | 0.56 | ||||
F | 184.79 *** | ||||
Conditional direct effect analysis at Resilience = M ± SD | β | Boot SE | BootLLCI | BootULCI | |
M − 1 SD (2.44) | −0.01 | 0.03 | −0.07 | 0.05 | |
M (2.82) | −0.04 | 0.03 | −0.09 | 0.02 | |
M + 1 SD (3.20) | −0.06 | 0.05 | −0.16 | 0.03 | |
Conditional indirect effect analysis at Resilience = M ± SD | β | Boot SE | BootLLCI | BootULCI | |
M − 1 SD (2.44) | −0.06 | 0.02 | −0.10 | −0.03 | |
M (2.82) | −0.08 | 0.01 | −0.10 | −0.05 | |
M + 1 SD (3.20) | −0.07 | 0.02 | −0.11 | −0.04 |
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Wang, L.; Zhou, S.; Xue, Y.; Li, Q.; Cao, M.; Gu, C. Does Early Victimization of School Bullies Affect Core Self-Evaluations in Young Adulthood? A Moderated Mediation Model. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043338
Wang L, Zhou S, Xue Y, Li Q, Cao M, Gu C. Does Early Victimization of School Bullies Affect Core Self-Evaluations in Young Adulthood? A Moderated Mediation Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043338
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Lixia, Shuzhi Zhou, Yukang Xue, Qianqian Li, Min Cao, and Chuanhua Gu. 2023. "Does Early Victimization of School Bullies Affect Core Self-Evaluations in Young Adulthood? A Moderated Mediation Model" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3338. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043338