Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Emotional Labor and Turnover Intention
3. The Moderating Role of POS
4. Model Specification
4.1. Data Sources and Sample
4.2. Dependent Variables
4.3. Explanatory Variables
4.3.1. Surface and Deep Acting
4.3.2. POS
4.4. Controls
4.5. Measurement Reliability and Validity
5. Results
6. Discussion and Implications
6.1. Discussion of Results
6.2. Practical Implicationss
6.3. Limitations and Future Research
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Model | df | RMSEA | CFI | TLI | SRMR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Four-factor model | 396.28 *** | 84 | 4.72 | 0.05 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.03 |
Three-factor model | 3249.48 *** | 87 | 37.35 | 0.15 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 0.12 |
(SA and DA combined) | |||||||
Two-factor model | 5235.86 *** | 89 | 58.83 | 0.19 | 0.68 | 0.63 | 0.16 |
(SA, DA, and POS combined) | |||||||
One-factor model | 8079.25 *** | 90 | 89.77 | 0.24 | 0.51 | 0.43 | 0.17 |
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Turnover intention | 1 | |||||||||
2 | Surface acting | 0.29 | 1 | ||||||||
3 | Deep acting | 0.06 | 0.17 | 1 | |||||||
4 | POS | −0.43 | −0.31 | 0.04 a | 1 | ||||||
5 | Gender (Female = 1) | 0.09 | 0.06 | −0.09 | −0.11 | 1 | |||||
6 | Age | −0.02 a | −0.13 | 0.13 | 0.12 | −0.15 | 1 | ||||
7 | Rank | −0.03 a | −0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 | −0.11 | 0.81 | 1 | |||
8 | Education | 0.05 | 0.004 a | −0.01 a | −0.08 | 0.13 | −0.05 | −0.08 | 1 | ||
9 | Tenure | −0.04 a | −0.12 | 0.15 | 0.15 | −0.11 | 0.85 | 0.90 | −0.13 | 1 | |
10 | Marital status (Married=1) | 0.00 a | −0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | −0.06 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.58 | 1 |
Mean | 2.41 | 2.47 | 2.84 | 3.67 | 0.14 | 2.34 | 2.63 | 2.31 | 2.58 | 0.62 | |
SD | 1.05 | 0.79 | 0.82 | 0.77 | 0.34 | 0.97 | 1.40 | 0.83 | 1.76 | 0.49 |
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(S.E.) | (S.E.) | (S.E.) | ||||
Gender (Female = 1) | 0.116 | ** | 0.139 | ** | 0.141 | ** |
(0.052) | (0.068) | (0.068) | ||||
Age | 0.030 | 0.057 | 0.058 | |||
(0.036) | (0.048) | (0.048) | ||||
Job grade | −0.001 | 0.014 | 0.013 | |||
(0.026) | (0.039) | (0.039) | ||||
Education | 0.020 | 0.015 | 0.014 | |||
(0.023) | (0.030) | (0.030) | ||||
Tenure | 0.003 | −0.018 | −0.019 | |||
(0.040) | (0.036) | (0.036) | ||||
Marital status (Married = 1) | 0.066 | 0.035 | 0.035 | |||
(0.049) | (0.063) | (0.063) | ||||
POS | −0.430 | ** | −0.515 | *** | −0.181 | |
(0.027) | (0.036) | (0.138) | ||||
Surface acting | 0.225 | *** | 0.582 | *** | ||
(0.036) | (0.155) | |||||
Deep acting | 0.057 | * | 0.196 | |||
(0.032) | (0.153) | |||||
Surface acting POS | −0.097 | ** | ||||
(0.039) | ||||||
Deep acting POS | −0.036 | |||||
(0.037) | ||||||
Constant | 3.247 | *** | 3.384 | *** | 2.122 | *** |
(0.120) | (0.223) | (0.562) | ||||
R-squared | 0.181 | 0.217 | 0.232 |
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Lim, J.; Moon, K.-K. Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 4379. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054379
Lim J, Moon K-K. Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(5):4379. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054379
Chicago/Turabian StyleLim, Jaeyoung, and Kuk-Kyoung Moon. 2023. "Exploring the Effect of Emotional Labor on Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from Korean Firefighters" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5: 4379. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054379