Analysis of Hospital Safety and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Morse Falls Scale Items | N | % |
---|---|---|
History of falls | ||
Yes | 5 | 11.1 |
No | 40 | 88.9 |
Secondary diagnosis | ||
Yes | 40 | 88.9 |
No | 5 | 11.1 |
Support for moving/walking | ||
None/bedridden/nurse support | 39 | 86.7 |
Crutches/Canadian crutches/walker | 6 | 13.3 |
Intravenous medication | ||
Yes | 27 | 60 |
No | 18 | 40 |
Gait | ||
Normal/bedridden/wheelchair | 26 | 57.8 |
Slow gait speed | 16 | 35.6 |
Needs support | 3 | 6.7 |
Mental state | ||
Aware of their capabilities | 41 | 91.1 |
Overestimates/forgets their limitations | 4 | 8.9 |
Characteristics | Risk | Total | p-Value * | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low N (%) | Moderate N (%) | High N (%) | N (%) | ||
Sex | 0.901 | ||||
Male | 6 (13.3) | 12 (26.7) | 5 (11.1) | 23 (51.1) | |
Female | 7 (15.6) | 11 (24.4) | 4 (8.9) | 22 (48.9) | |
Age range (years) | 0.024 | ||||
60–70 | 7 (15.6) | 15 (33.3) | 6 (13.3) | 28 (62.2) | |
71–81 | 2 (4.4) | 8 (17.8) | 3 (6.7) | 13 (28.9) | |
≥82 | 4 (8.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (8.9) | |
Level of schooling | 0.819 | ||||
Illiterate | 4 (8.9) | 10 (22.2) | 2 (4.4) | 16 (35.6) | |
Incomplete Elementary School | 8 (17.8) | 11 (24.4) | 6 (13.3) | 25 (55.6) | |
Complete Elementary School | 1 (2.2) | 2 (4.4) | 1 (2.2) | 4 (8.9) | |
Length of hospital stay | 0.258 | ||||
Up to one month | 11 (24.4) | 20 (44.4) | 8 (17.8) | 39 (86.7) | |
1–2 months | 2 (4.4) | 3 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (11.1) | |
>2 months | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.2) |
Classification of Morse Falls Scale a | B | df | p-Value * | OR | OR-95% | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age Range (Years) | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | |||||
Low Risk | Intercept | 18.948 | 1 | 0.996 | |||
60–70 | −18.794 | 1 | 0.996 | 6.888 × 105 | 0.000 | b | |
71–81 | −19.353 | 1 | 0.996 | 3.936 × 10−9 | 0.000 | b | |
≥82 | 0 c | 0 | |||||
Moderate Risk | Intercept | 0.938 | 1 | 0.166 | |||
60–70 | −0.022 | 1 | 0.979 | 0.978 | 0.192 | 4.993 | |
71–81 | 0.043 | 1 | 1.043 | 1.043 | 1.043 | ||
≥82 | 0 c | 0 |
Variables | Answer | Total Beds Assessed | |
---|---|---|---|
N | % | ||
Beds with protective rails | No | 0 | 0 |
Yes | 145 | 100 | |
locked wheels | No | 0 | 0 |
Yes | 145 | 100 | |
Bedside light | No | 0 | 0 |
Yes | 145 | 100 | |
Nearby bell | No | 1 | 0.7 |
Yes | 144 | 99.3 | |
Free access to the bathroom | No | 2 | 1.4 |
Yes | 143 | 98.6 | |
Sliding furniture without locks | No | 0 | 0 |
Sim | 145 | 100 | |
Organized furniture | No | 0 | 0 |
Yes | 145 | 100 | |
Easy access to one’s belongings | No | 0 | 0 |
Yes | 145 | 100 | |
Non-slip footwear | No | 145 | 100 |
Yes | 0 | 0 |
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Carvalho, L.M.d.; Lira, L.B.; Oliveira, L.B.d.; Mendes, A.M.; Pereira, F.G.F.; Galiza, F.T.d.; Pereira, L.C.; Machado, A.L.G. Analysis of Hospital Safety and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081036
Carvalho LMd, Lira LB, Oliveira LBd, Mendes AM, Pereira FGF, Galiza FTd, Pereira LC, Machado ALG. Analysis of Hospital Safety and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(8):1036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081036
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarvalho, Leane Macêdo de, Letície Batista Lira, Lairton Batista de Oliveira, Annarelly Morais Mendes, Francisco Gilberto Fernandes Pereira, Francisca Tereza de Galiza, Lívia Carvalho Pereira, and Ana Larissa Gomes Machado. 2024. "Analysis of Hospital Safety and Risk of Falls in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 8: 1036. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081036